Izinhlobo Zama-Shrews: Amanzi Amanzi, Izingane, I-Ivory

Izinhlamvu - enye izilwane ezincelisayo kakhulu emhlabeni. Naphezu kobukhulu bawo, abantu bavame ukuwabiza ngokuthi "amademoni amancane" ngenxa yesimo sabo solaka nokuhlukumezeka. Uma kunesidingo, lezi zincane ziyakwazi ukuthola ngisho namaxoxo amakhulu ngisho namagundane.

Iyiphi iyunithi yesikhumba?

Lesi silwane singomndeni wezilwane ezincelisayo, ukuhleleka kwe-oda. Sekuyisikhathi eside ososayensi bethi bahlelwe yi-order.

Indlela yokuqaphela?

Abanini bezandla bavame ukudidanisa izinsiza ngamagundane endle, kodwa uma ubheka eduze, ungathola ukuhlukana phakathi kwabo.

1. Ijubane lihlukile i-muzzle ehlangene njenge-proboscis.
2. Ikhanda likhulu ngesigaba esithintekayo ebusweni. Amehlo amancane, azungeze, amnyama. Bamba amazinyo nge-front incisors enkulu.
3. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinsimu zasendle, isilwane sinakho ukulinganisa okungaphezulu okuningi. Izinyawo zifushane. Ubude bomzimba abukho ngaphezu kuka-3-4 cm, isisindo - cishe ama-2 amagremu. Umuntu omkhulu kunazo zonke (i-giant white shrew) kuphela ongakwazi ukufinyelela ku-18 cm bese ekala amagremu angu-200.
4. Ubulukhuni bubuhlungu, bukhulu, bufushane, buvalo. Umbala uhluka kusuka ku-gray (fawn) kuze kube mnyama. I-tummy ivame ukukhanya noma ukukhanya kunombala oyinhloko.
5. Umsila ophakathi noma omude, idlula ubude bomzimba.

Izinhlobo

Abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi emvelweni kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-260 zama-shrews. Zitholakala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zemvelo, zivumelanisa nezici zezulu zendawo. Ayitholakali kuphela e-continent yase-Australia naseNyakatho Pole. ERussia, izinhlobo ezingu-twenty-one zaqoshwa. Cabangela ezinye zazo:

1. I-shwar - isilwane esincane sombala ompunga noma obomvu nomswakama ohlangene. Emsila ogqamile oqhamukayo (umlindi) izintambo ezincane ziyabonakala. Ubukhulu bethole abudluli u-3.5-4.5 cm. Amazinyo abukhali, i-incisors yangaphambili inkulu, enombala omhlophe weqhwa. Kubantu bezinhlobo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Etruscan shrew kanye nezingane eziningi zomhlathi. Lihlala ezindaweni eziphakeme zaseYurophu.



2. I-shrew Common (amahlumela ehlathi) luhlobo olujwayelekile lomndeni we-shrew. Itholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho yezwekazi laseYurophu. Uhlala ezindaweni ezinotshani nezihlahla ezihlahleni, amahlathi aphansi. Kodwa, ingabuye iphile ngeziqephu zomuntu siqu, yonakalise umhlaba wezolimo. Usayizi wamathole we-calf isilinganiso esingu-5-7 cm, umsila u-6-8 cm ubude. Ingubo ibomvu emnyama, isisu sesilula. I-muzzle isolwe phambili.



3. I-shrew encane (I-Chersky shrew) ngummeleli omncane kunazo zonke izilwane ezifuywayo ezitholakala eRussia kanye nezinambuzane ezincane kunazozonke. Ummeleli we-Transpalaearctic. Indawo yokuhlala ivela eNhlonhlweni yeScandinavia kuya eziqhingini zaseJapane naseSakhalin. Itholakala ku-Primorsky Krai, esifundeni se-Oryol, emingcele ene-forest-tundra, e-Kazakhstan.



4. I-Shrew House (i-long-tailed white shrew) isilwane esikhulu esingafinyelela ku-6-7 cm ubude. Umbala obomvu obomvu. Kwabiwa eJalimane, e-Afrika. Ezweni lakithi litholakala eSiberia nasezindaweni ezisenyakatho zaseRussia. Ngokuvamile uhlala ezinqolobaneni, ezinqolobaneni zokugcina, ezinqolobaneni nasezindlini, okwenza umonakalo emhlabeni wezolimo.

Ezinye izinhlobo

1. Baby shrew (i-baby shrew) yisilwane esincane kunazo zonke eNyakatho Melika. Kwabiwa eCanada nase-United States. Ihlala emahlathini amancane, ama-coniferous nezindawo ezivulekile. Ubude bomzimba kanye nomsila buyi-5 cm. Umbala woboya unombala obomvu.



2. I-Elephant Shrew (jumper) - encane yezilwane zaseAfrika. Uhluke emilenzeni ende ende, umbala omhlophe obomvu obomvu. Ngenxa yezici zomzimba, ingaba nesivinini esisheshayo futhi ibuyele phezu kwezithiyo ezingaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1. Abacwaningi banamuhla bathi lesi silwane esingaqondakali siyalandela ama-Afrotheria. Kulezi zincwadi kwakubhekwa njengezinambuzane, futhi njengalayisisekelo. I-subspecies inabantu abangu-16 abahlala kuleli zwekazi lase-Afrika.



3. Ama-Water Shrew (kutora evamile) - ummeleli omkhulu, efinyelela ku-11-12 cm ubude, enesisindo sika-10-20 amagremu. Isigqoko sinyene, siba mnyama, sinamandla okungahlambuluki emanzini. I-muzzle iyancipha. Amapayipi anezibhamu ezinzima ezikhulisa ubuso bokugaya futhi zisize ngokubhukuda. I-water hoop isatholakala eNorway, eFrance, eSakhalin, e-Peninsula yeScandinavia nase-Asia, isakazeka eNyakatho neMongo kuya eChina. Kungenzeka kwenzeka eKazakhstan.



4. I-giant shrew (polyzoon house) - isilwane, ehlala ezindaweni zase-Afrika, e-Asia, naseMpumalanga Ekude naseMpumalanga Ekude. Wathola udumo ngenxa yeChuchundra - umlingiswa wezindaba ezidumile zikaR. Kipling Riki-Tikki-Tavi. Ummeleli omkhulu, efinyelela ku-11-12 cm ubude. Umbala we-Fur uyimpunga emnyama. Ngokuvamile uhlala phakathi kwabantu, obangela ukulimala kwezolimo.

Ezolimo

Esinye sezici ezithakazelisayo ze-shrews yizinga eliphakeme lokunciphisa umzimba. Izilwane zikwazi ukuzingela nokudla cishe njalo! I-ration yansuku zonke idlula ubuningi besilwane ngezikhathi ezingu-6-7. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwezinhlanzi kungukuthi izinambuzane, ngakho-ke zizuzisa ngisho nabalimi. Emasimini nasemasimini, badla izimpungushe zikaMeyi, izibungu, i-weevil nezinye izinambuzane.

Kodwa ngeshwa izinambuzane akuzona ukudla kuphela. Ngempumuzo yabo ende angakwazi ukumba emhlabathini, aqoqe amazambane, ama-beet kanye neminye imifino yezimpande, kanye nokulimala izimpande ezincane zezihlahla zezithelo, utamatisi kanye nepelepele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-shrew ine-fecundity ephezulu. Ngesinye isikhathi, abesifazane bakhuphula ama-10-14 cubs. Ngakho-ke, uma abanikazi bebona umonakalo ovela emaceleni esiqhingini sabo, zonke izinyathelo ezidingekayo kufanele zithathwe!

Amaqiniso anentshisekelo

Ososayensi okushiwo yizici ze-intelligence ze-shrewskufana namadonphins namagundane. Konke ngenxa yobunjwa be-skull. Ukuhlukana kwabo kobuchopho kunwetshiwe, kanti ubuchopho buyi-1/10 yesisindo somzimba, esedlula idatha yabantu kanye namadonphin.

Esikhathini esedlule, abantu bathi ukuphulukisa izakhiwo ezilwaneni. Kwakukholelwa ukuthi amafuthaokwenziwe emsila wokushiswa we-shrew kungenza kube mnandi ikhambi lokulunywa inja ehlukumezayo. Kusalokhu kuyimfihlakalo yemvelaphi yayo, izingxabano zixazululwa mayelana nokuhlanganyela kanye nendawo ohlelweni lwezilwane, kanye nangezinzuzo nokulimala kokusetshenziswa kwezolimo. Kungenzeka ukuthi masinyane sizofunda mayelana nokutholakala okusha kanye nezinhlobo zalezi zidalwa eziphilayo.