Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili zezilwane ezinambuzane ezihlala emhlabeni, zikhona lezo ezikwazi ukuba yinhlekelele yemvelo yangempela. Omunye wabo: isikhonyane sase-Asia - sisho umyalelo we-Orthoptera.
Ama-grasshopper, eqaqa ngokumangalisayo emanzini, ahlobene nezinkumbi, kodwa, ngokungafani nawo, akakaze akhule ngobuningi futhi angabi yingozi enkulu kuyo yonke indawo engumakhelwane.
Izici zokuthuthukisa
Izinambuzane zezilwane zase-Asia ezifudukayo (Locusta migratoria) zihlala eYurophu nase-Asia Minor, eNyakatho China naseNyakatho Afrika, eKorea. Engxenyeni yeRussia namazwe e-CIS, la ma-orthopteran ahamba eningizimu yeNgxenye yeYurophu, eCaucasus, Asia Ephakathi, Kazakhstan nasezindaweni eziseningizimu zaseSiberia Siberia.
Esikhungweni sezulu sezulu esifudumeleushiya amaqanda okugcoba amaqanda endaweni evulekile, enesihlabathi, enhlabathini enomhlabathi. Imikhiqizo emihle yezizukulwane ezizayo zalezi zinambuzane yizikhukhula zemifula yamanzi kanye namabhange amanzi ahlanganiswe nezinhlanga nezinhlanga.
Ngakho-ke, engxenyeni yaseRussia namazwe aseduze, izikhungo ezinkulu zokukhiqiza izinkumbi zisezindaweni zemifula ezigeleza eziLwandle oluMnyama, lweCaspian, lwe-Aral neLake Balkhash, kanye naseDanube delta.
Entwasahlobo, uma i-clutch isomile futhi ingasetshenziselwa isikhukhula eside, izibungu ezincane zesikhonyane, ezinomumo nesakhiwo esifana nesimambuzane esidala, shiya ama-cubes angamaqanda angaphansi komhlaba ngeqanda, ngokuphambana nesigaba se-pupa. Izingane zikhula ngokushesha futhi zikhule, zidlulise ama-molts ambalwa.
Eminyakeni "ephethwe kahle" lapho la ma-orthopteran engathola ukudla okutshalayo okuhlwanyelwe amaprotheni, basukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile. baphile ngendlela eyodwa "amafayili" kuze kufike ku-4-5 cm ubude. Ifomu "elinokuthula" elimibala oluhlaza noma eliphuzi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, elingasebenzi, liye lathi "i-hump" ngemuva kwayo futhi londla okusanhlamvu zasendle - ikakhulukazi umhlanga nohlaza utshani.
Noma kunjalo, "amafilimu" angenabungozi angathola ukubukeka okuhluke kakhulu, okwakhiwa ifomu lokubambaokuyinto ehluke kakhulu kumuntu oyedwa, ukuthi okwesikhathi eside kwakuthiwa yizihlobo ezikhethekile, ezihlukene.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, ngezikhathi ezingaba ngu-10-12, eminyakeni eyomile futhi eshisayo, inkumbi yase-Asia yokufuduka izinhlobo eziningi kakhulu. Khona-ke izibungu, ezingakaze zikhule amaphiko, ukwandisa usayizi kuya ku-6.5 cm.
Baqondisa emuva emuva, esikhundleni sombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bahlanganiswa nesimiso sokuqothula ukugquma futhi baqale ukuhamba, baqoqe amakholomu amakhulu - izibhamu ezibhubhisa konke okukhulayo, okunomsoco nokuluhlaza endleleni.
Ngemuva kwe-molt yesine nelesihlanu, ukuthola amaphiko amade aqondile kanye nekhono lokuhamba kuze kube amahora angu-12 ngaphandle kokuphumula, ziphenduka ukungabikho kweBhayibheli okungokoqobo, ukubulawa kweGibhithe okwesishiyagalombili, ifu lezinambuzane, ukuhamba ngokuzimela kuze kube ngu-300 km, futhi nge-tailwind kunqoba izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha ibanga.
Izinkumbi zezigidi zabantu abashayela indiza zikhiqiza umsindo odumazayo, oqukethe i-cod yamaphiko amahle amakhulu, futhi ekutshaleni kuphuma amagatsha emithi enesisindo.
Bobabili bahamba beligi, nezinkomo ezindizayo udle okusanhlamvu - ukolweni ne rye, ibhali, ama-oats, ummbila, irayisi, amabele namabele. Bahlanza amasimu e-alfalfa ne-clover, ama-hayfield kanye namadlelo, bachithe amahlamvu emithi yehlathi, izithombo zezithelo kanye nezihlahla zamaberry.
Ukubhubhisa ukukhula kwemifino namakhabe, amahlamvu amazambane kanye nezitshalo eziqothulayo, izitshalo zokutshala, ugwayi, amagilebhisi, ifilakisi kanye nekotini, ama-oilseeds. Ukuhlasela okukhulu kwezinkumbi zase-Asia ezifudukayo kuyinhlekelele yangempela kunoma yiliphi ibhizinisi lezolimo.
Isithombe
Amafomu okuthuthukiswa kwezinkumbi ezithombeni:
Ifomu elilodwa lokuthula
Ifomu likaHerd
Izinkumbi ze-Juvenile Asiatic ngaphandle kwamaphiko
Izimpendulo
Ukuze kuvinjelwe izinhlekelele zezolimo, ezindaweni ezizalisayo ziqaphe inani lenambuzane ezingeni ezahlukene zokuthuthukiswa kwezinkumbi ezifudukayo.
Ukubalwa okunjalo ikuvumela ukuba ubikezele ukubukeka kwefomu lezinkomo futhi basebenzise izinambuzane emkhakheni wokukhulisa inombolo - kufaka phakathi, ukwenza ukwelashwa kwemingcele yezizathu zokuzala.
Izitha eziphilayo zezinkumbi yizilwane ezincelisayo nezinyoni (ikakhulukazi ama-starlings), kanye namanye ama-pathogenic we-fungi yama-orthopteran.
Ukuvimbela ama-Agrotechnical ukukhula kwenombolo yezinkumbi zase-Asia yi:
- Ukugeleza kwemifula namachibi uwasebenzisa ekutshalweni kwezolimo.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwamadlelo ukuhluma okukhulu kwemifino yefriji. Inhlabathi, eboshiwe ngezimpande, iba engafaneleka ukubeka amaqanda.
- Ukutshala okujulile, egcwele izinkumbi, ngokuqothulwa koqweqwe lomhlaba nokulimaza.
- Spring i-disc igxila emigwaqweni kanye nemithambeka yamanzi okunisela.
Isikhumba sase-Asia (igama lomndeni wezinkukhu), uhlobo lokuthuthukiswa - okungaqondile. Phakathi nenkathi yokukhiqiza inqwaba, le nkathazo iyingozi enkulu kuzo zonke izitshalo.
Kungenzeka ukuvimbela ukukhuphuka kwezinombolo zalezi zinambuzane ngokuvimbela i-agrotechnical kanye ne-biological, kanye nokwelashwa okwesikhashana kwezikhungo zokuzalanisa nezinambuzane.
