Abalimi abaningi bakhula utamatisi, kodwa akubona wonke umuntu ongaqhayisa isivuno esikhulu salesi sitshalo. Kubonakala sengathi i-agrotechnology ibonakala futhi isitshalo sinikezwa kahle, siyini inkinga?
Umphumela ungase uxhomeke ezinhlotsheni ezifana nebanga lapho ukuhlwanyela nokutshala izithombo. Amaphutha ekukhethweni kwezikhathi angathinta kakhulu isivuno.
Kusukela kulesi sihloko uzofunda ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani ibanga elifanele phakathi kwetamatisi. Sizokutshela ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nezinhlelo zokutshala ezithandwa kakhulu kokubili kokushisa nokushisa.
Iyini ukubaluleka kwesigaba esikhethiwe kahle phakathi kwamatamatisi?
Uhlelo lokutshala lunikezwa kuqala, ngoba yimpumelelo yesitshalo escike kulo, ikakhulu uma kunezinhlobo eziningi ezihlahleni, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene futhi isivuno esiphezulu kulindeleke. Isikhathi esiphakathi kwezihlahla kanye nemigqa kumele kube ukuthi izitshalo zithola ukukhanyisa okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi umoya ujikeleza ngokukhululekile phakathi kwabo.
Ukutshala okunamandla kungaholela emiphumeleni enjalo enjengoba:
- Ukuvinjelwa kwentuthuko nokunciphisa ukuzala ngenxa yemithunzi eyenziwe ngamatamatisi angomakhelwane.
- Ukusakaza izitshalo ezinamandla kulabo ababuthakathaka, ukuthatha izakhi zabo kanye nomswakama.
- Ukuhambisana nokuguqulwa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene, nokuhambisa umoya omncane kanye nokuxhumana okusheshayo kwezitshalo kuzofaka isandla ekusakazeni kwezifo ezisheshayo ngokushesha (ukubola kwezinga eliphakeme, ukulimala okwesikhashana, nomlenze omnyama).
Kubalulekile: kuzuzisa ukutadisha okucacile kokuhlukahluka komuntu ngamunye futhi ugweme ukuthintana nabantu abadala kanye nezihlahla ezithuthukisiwe.
Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela imbewu yezotamatisi ezitshalweni
Seeding yisinyathelo sokuqala esiholela ekuvuneni okuphumelelayo. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuhluma okuhle kakhulu kwembewu ye-utamatisi asikho isidingo sokuhluma nokukhushulwa kwabo, kodwa ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukuwageza ngesisombululo se-manganese se-1% sokuqeda ukubola. Amaminerali amaminerali anikezela kahle isitshalo, okulula ukwenza ngokwakho noma ukuthenga okulungiselelwe. Ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu elandelana kufanele libe ngu-2 cm, futhi phakathi kwemigqa engu-4-5 cm.
Isikhala kuye ngezinhlobo ezikhethiwe noma hybrid
Njengoba izithombo zikhula, kuyoba nesidingo sokuyifakisela emhlabathini ovulekile noma oshisayo. Ukuhlukahluka ngamunye noma hybrid of utamatisi kudinga isikhala saso mahhala:
Ngaphansi. Bamukela igama labo ngokuphakama okuncane-cishe ngo-45 cm. Izimpande zabo zakhiwa ngokucophelela kakhulu, ngakho-ke ungatshala izihlahla ezingu-6-7 ngehora elilodwa lesikwele. Iziqu zihlukile amandla namandla, akudingi i-garter.- Ubukhulu obuphakathi. Finyelela kumamitha angu-1-1.5 ukuphakama. Uhlelo lwempande luthuthukile kakhulu, ngakho-ke inani elihle lehlathi eliphakathi kwe-3-4 kumitha eyodwa yesikwele. Kunesidingo sokwakheka kwamahlathi.
- Ubude. Ungafinyelela ubude bamamitha amathathu. Uhlelo lwempande lalawo utamatisi lukhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke isibalo esiphezulu se-2 sezihlahla ngamamitha ayi-1 square. Lolu hlobo lutamatisi ludinga ukunakwa okukhethekile futhi ludinga i-garter, i-pinching ne-pinching.
Ngaphansi. Bamukela igama labo ngokuphakama okuncane-cishe ngo-45 cm. Izimpande zabo zakhiwa ngokucophelela kakhulu, ngakho-ke ungatshala izihlahla ezingu-6-7 ngehora elilodwa lesikwele. Iziqu zihlukile amandla namandla, akudingi i-garter.Iyini uhlelo lokutshala izitshalo engadini?
Kukhona umehluko ohlukile wendawo yezithombo zamatamatisi ensimini, kulandela izinhlobo ezitshalwe.
Ukukhipha isikwele
Uhlelo olumdala olwalwaziwa ngabalimi kusukela ezikhathini zaseSoviet futhi lungalutholi ukuhambisana kwalo namuhla. Ingqikithi yayo iqukethe ukutshala utamatisi ngezidleke eziqukethe izitshalo ezintathu kuya kwezintathu. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, isitshalo esincane esingasetshenziselwa sisuswa, futhi bonke abanye bahlanganisiwe. Ngendlela ehamba phambili, ibanga kufanele libe ngamasentimitha angama-80, ngoba umsele wokunisela usungulwe lapha. Esikhathini sokuqondisa kwe-longitudinal, isikhala esingenalutho samasentimitha angu-60.
Ukunakekela izitshalo uma usebenzisa lolu hlelo kunzima kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nabanye, kodwa kunciphisa isikhathi sokucubungula futhi kwandisa isivuno. Lolu hlelo luhle ezindaweni ezincane nezinhlobo ezide zamatamatisi..
Okuvamile
Indlela elula yokutshala, engasetshenziselwa ngisho nomlimi wesimanje. Ngokuhambisana nalolu hlelo, ibanga lixhomeke ekuphakameni kwetamatisi futhi lingaba lisuka ku-30 kuya ku-50 cm phakathi kwehlathi elilandelanayo, futhi kusuka ku-50 kuya ku-80 cm phakathi kwemigqa. Isitayela sokutshala sigxile ezinhlobonhlobo ezincane, sredneroslye nezinhlobo ezilodwa zezintambo. Izinzuzo zesimiso esivamile zihlanganisa izinga eliphezulu lokukhanyisa izihlahla kanye nokuhamba kahle komoya, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo isikhala esiqinile siyadingeka, futhi kuyinto engathandeki ukuvuna.
Futhi lapho kubeka kubalulekile ukucabangela isikhathi sokutshala utamatisi:
- Izinhlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa ziyokwanelisa ibanga phakathi kwemigodi e-30 cm naphakathi kwemigqa ye-50 cm.
- Izinhlobo eziphakathi nonyaka zifuna u-45 cm phakathi kwezimbobo zesikhala samahhala, naphakathi kwemigqa engaphansi kwama-65 cm.
- Izinhlobo zokuvuthwa okusabalalisa zidinga isigamu samitha esikhala phakathi kwemigodi nobubanzi phakathi kwemigqa ka-70-80 cm.
Ukunakwa: Kunconywa ukuba imakethe ngaphambi kokufika.
Chess
I-Chess fit is best for utamatisi amancane kanye naphakathi. Kudingekile ukwakha imigqa emibili bese ubeka imigodi kuye ngokuthi inani lezinhlamvu nezihlukahlukene:
- Phakathi kuka-sredneroslye utamatisi eneziqu ezintathu - 50-60 cm.
- Phakathi kuka-sredneroslye utamatisi ngesinye isiqu - 30-40 cm.
- Phakathi kwamatamatisi amakhulu - kuze kube ngamasentimitha angama-70.
Ububanzi phakathi kwemigqa ka-40-50 amasentimitha. Izihlahla zomugqa wesibili zifakwa ezikhaleni zokuqala.
Kunconywa ukuba uhambisane ngokuqhubekayo ukusuka emgqeni ukuya emgqeni, kunokuba uqale ngambili ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Tape noma parallel
I-Ribbon-isidleke indlela ifana ne-chess, ngoba liphinde lisho ukubunjwa kwemigqa emibili, kodwa kufanayo. Khona-ke ithrekhi idalwe kumamitha ububanzi futhi imigqa emibili itshalwe futhi. Ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa lingama-40 cm. Izikhala phakathi kokuhlamba zixhomeke ezinhlobonhlobo:
- I-stunted ne-branched itholakala ku-40 cm kusuka komunye nomunye.
- Izinhlobo ezinamandla njengebanga lika-60-70 cm.
Lolu hlelo lusetshenziselwa ukutshala izitshalo zezimboni, njengoba izindlela ze-agrotechnical zisetshenziswa kalula, isivuno sivuna kalula futhi kukhona ithuba lokuza eduze kwehlathi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kunesidingo esikhulu.
Ikude kangakanani phakathi kwebamba lokushisa?
Umlimi wemifino ubophekile ukuba acabange kusengaphambili mayelana necebo lokutshala utamatisi ku-greenhouse. Isixazululo esihle kunazo zonke yindlela ehlangene evumela ukuthi utshale zombili utamatisi omunwe futhi omude, ikakhulukazi uma sikhuluma ngethousehouse green. Ukuze ulondoloze isikhala, izinhlobo ezincane ezikhulayo zitshalwe emaphethelweni ene-interval of 20-30 cm, futhi zide phakathi nendawo ye-50-60 cm.
Kubalulekile: ukusebenzisa indlela ehlangene kuyadingeka ukwakha amahlathi ngesikhathi esifanele.
Izindawo zokugcina izithombo zePolcarbonate zihlangana kahle nezinhlobo ze-hybrid. Isikhathi sokutshala siza nokufezwa kwezitshalo 30-35 cm. Izinhlobo eziphezulu zikhetha ukufika kwe-chess nokuthuthwa kwe-tape, futhi amamaki aphansi namaphakathi atshalwe emigqeni nge-interval okungenani ngama-50 cm. inhlabathi.
Ekuphetheni, ngingathanda ukuphawula ukuthi isikhala phakathi kwemifino siyinto ebalulekile futhi akufanele inganakwa, ngoba ikhwalithi nempilo ye-fetus iyoxhomekeka kuyo. Izitshalo akufanele zikwazi ukulala endaweni yokukhanya, emoyeni nesikhala.. Uma isikhulu sikhula, isikhala esiludinga kakhulu, futhi uma ukhetha uhlelo kuhlale kudingeke ukuba ucabange ngezici ezihlukahlukene ezizosebenza ngazo, kanti utamatisi ngeke uhlale ulindele ukubonga.
