Ukulima kwezimvu akuthandwa kakhulu emakhaya amancane, nakuba abalimi abaningi bewazisa kakhulu lezi zilwane. Phela, izimvu zingenakuzithoba, zidle ukudla okuncane, zinikeze izinhlobo ezinhle. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Ukubaluleka okubalulekile akuyona nje inyama yabo, kodwa futhi uboya.
Futhi izinhlobo eziningi zikwazi ukuqoqa futhi zikhulu kakhulu kakhulu amafutha abalulekile. Ukuzalwa okunjalo kwezimvu njengoGissar kuhambelana ngokuphelele nalezi zinqubo. Inenzuzo enkulu kunazo zonke, abantu abaningi bayalizala futhi, emapulazini amancane, angabandakanyi
Yiziphi izici ezingase zihlukaniswe izimvu ze-Hissar: ezijwayele izici eziyinhloko
Lolu hlobo luwumphumela wemisebenzi yabalimi besizwe. Izwe lakubo yiTajikistan, nakuba namuhla lezi zilwane zingatholakala kakhulu kunemingcele ye-Asia Ephakathi. Izimvu ze-Hissar zibhekwa njenge-inyama-amafutha, ngoba ngaphezu kwesidumbu senyama, okuyisisekelo sokwenza umkhiqizo, umsila omkhulu wamafutha omuncu uhlanganiswa ngemuva kwesihluthulelo salezi zilwane. Futhi, bangabaseqembu izimvu zoboya ezimhlophe.
Hlola ukuthi lezi zimvu zinhle yini noma cha, asikho, i-poskoku yindaba yokunambitha. Futhi kwabaningi, ubuhle besilwane bukhona kuphela ekukhiqizeni kwayo. Kungenxa yesici sokugcina futhi sibonise Zonke izici zangaphandle zezimvu ze-Hissar:
- Umzimba wezilwane usemude kakhulu, unesifo esiqinile.
- Imilenze imincane kakhulu, iqondile futhi iphezulu. Lapho usukhulile, ukuphakama kwezimvu kufinyelela ku-1 imitha.
- Isifuba siza phambili, okuyisinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zohlobo.
- Inhloko yezimvu zeGissarka incane. Isici sesici sabantu abamele lo mhlobo yi-crook ephawuleka kahle, esekelwe phansi komnsalo wesilwane.
- Izindlebe zinde kakhulu, ngakho zihlala phansi.
- Inhloko cishe ishesha emzimbeni futhi kubonakala sengathi ayinayo intamo. Eqinisweni, nakuba kuwufushane, ukubonakala kwayo okubonakalayo kudalwe ngenxa yokuthi likhulu kakhulu.
- Ingubo isifushane kakhulu futhi inikeza umbono wokuthi isilwane sincane kakhulu, nakuba empeleni isimo singase sihluke ngokuphelele.
- Abantu bobabili izihloko zohlobo lwezimvu zikaGissar yi-komolyami. Kodwa-ke banomsila onokuthuthukiswa kahle futhi omkhulu. Uma izilwane zidla kahle ngezinga eliphakeme nokudla okuphezulu kwekhalori, isisindo se-rump singasifinyelela ku-40 kilogram.
- Ngokuqondene nombala wengubo, khona-ke phakathi kwezimvu zaseGissar kunomnyama omnyama nabamele abamnyama ngokuphelele.
Ngokuvamile, i-oblasti yeboya ibuthakathaka kakhulu futhi cishe ayinanzuzo njengezimvu zoboya. Ngisho nekhanda eliphindwe kabili elivela enqameni, akunakwenzeka njalo ukuthola ama-kilogram amabili we-nastrig.
Ukungahambi kahle koboya akusiyo nje kuphela ukuthi kufushane kakhulu, kodwa futhi nokuba khona kwenani elikhulu lokungcola okubizwa ngokuthi izinwele ezifile kanye ne-awn. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuzaliswa uhlobo olunikeziwe, uboya balo abuhlanganisiwe kwinzuzo ezivela ezilwaneni.
Ngezizathu zokuthandwa kohlobo lweGissar phakathi kwabalimi bezimvu
Inzuzo ebaluleke kunazo zonke yokuzalanisa lolu hlobo ukusebenza kwabo. Okokuqala, akudingi izindleko eziningi zokudla. Uhlobo oluchazwe yilo oluhle kakhulu lokudla emadlelweni avulekile cishe unyaka wonke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziqhingi akudingeki ukuba zichichima ngokuphathelene nenani lohlaza. Izilwane nazo zithola inzuzo enhle emadlelweni amakhulu, njengoba zikwazi ukondla kunoma yimuphi udlelo. Bangakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwamachibi, uma ubavumela ukuba baningi ukuphuza amanzi ekuseni nakusihlwa (ngaphambi kokudla kudlelo).
Into yesibili ekuzuzeni kwalesi sizwe ukwakha izindleko eziphansi. Ngempela, ingxenye enkulu ekwakhiweni kwayo ukuqinisekisa ukumelela kanye nendawo yokukhosela emoyeni. Izimvu, ngisho nasebusika obunzima kakhulu, ziyakwazi ukubonga ngokufudumele komunye nomunye. Igumbi kuphela lapho ama-ewes ebomvu kanye nokuqukethwe kwezimvu zamabele kufanele kube khona. Kodwa-ke, lapha ungathola indawo, uma uhlela izinqwaba kuphela ngesikhathi sentshaka.
Kuzuzisa ukukhula izimvu zeHissar futhi ngoba zikhula ngokungajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ngeminyaka emibili nje kuphela, inani labantu ngabomhlambi bangakhula ngesilinganiso se-2-3, ngenkathi kungekho mzamo kubanikazi.
Ukuthola izilwane ezinamandla njengoba kuchaziwe akunakwenzeka. Zibalwa kokubili e-steppe nasehlane, lapho kungabi khona kuphela ukudla okulinganiselwe, kodwa futhi kunezimo ezinzima zezulu ezikhona. Emva kwakho konke, izicubu ze-adipose, ngenxa yokuthi zingasindisa kanjani impilo ngisho nangokungabikho kokudla, azihlanganisi nje emsila onamafutha, kodwa futhi ngaphansi kwesikhumba nokuzungeze izitho zangaphakathi ezibaluleke kakhulu. Ezisezintabeni zaseTajikistan, izimvu zikaGissar zidlalwa unyaka wonke.
Ngomfushane mayelana nezinzuzo zohlobo
Ngesayizi izimvu ze-Hissar zingenye yezinhlobo zazo ezinkulu kakhulu. Isisindo samadoda singakwazi ukufinyelela kalula ngo-200 kilogram, futhi ukuphakama kwabantu ngokuvamile kuvame ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukukhiqiza inyama kwezilwane kwanda kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngesikhathi kuhlatshwa isilwane esingama-60% wesisindo se-carcass yabo yikhiqiza legundlu elihle nelisezingeni eliphezulu. Futhi Inyama inezici ezilandelayo:
- Ukunambitheka okuhle, nge-flavour ethize, isici kuphela salesi sizwe.
- IWundlu lezimvu zaseHissar linomsoco kakhulu, ngoba liqukethe inani elanele lamathambo adipose.
- Ngokuwusizo kwenyama yezimvu ezichazweyo zingancintisana nenyama yanoma yiziphi ezinye izilwane.
- Ngenxa yokuthandwa kwalolu hlobo, iwundlu layo liphakeme kakhulu ngokwezimali ngokwezinye izinhlobo.
- Njengoba izilwane ngokwazo zikhulu, ubukhulu bomsila we-fat buhle kakhulu. Njengoba sesivele sikhulume, isisindo sayo esiphezulu singama-kilogremu angu-40, nakuba ngokuvamile kuguquguquka cishe ama-25 kilogram.
Futhi, lezi izilwane zinomzimba omzimba omuhle. Lokhu, ikakhulukazi, yisimo esiyinhloko sokunganakwa kwabo. Kodwa, lolu hlobo luhlala endaweni ebaluleke kakhulu ekuzaleni, ngoba lisetshenziswa kakhulu njengendlela yokuphatha izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zezilwane kanye nobukhulu obukhulu.
Izinzuzo zokuqukethwe zihlanganisa izici ezilandelayo:
Ithuba lokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezihlukene kakhulu zezulu nezesimo sezulu.- Ukuze udle izimvu ze-Hissar, ungasebenzisa amadlelo angalungile kakhulu. I-caveat kuphela - ama-marshlands ngeke afane nezimvu.
- Ukukhuthazela kohlobo kukuvumela ukuba uzigcine ekudleni kulo nyaka wonke.
- Ungesabi ukuguqulwa okude okuhloswe ekutholeni ukudla okungcono.
- Futhi, izinzuzo zokuzalanisa okukhulunywe ngenhla kanye nokuvuthwa kokuqala, kanye nokukhiqiza ubisi oluphezulu lwezimvu, kufanele zengezwe ezinzuzo zokuzalanisa nokugcina uhlanga. Ngakho-ke, sekuvele ngemuva kokuqala kwe-lambing, inyokazi eyodwa ingaveza amalitha angama-100 e-milk fat futhi enomsoco ngenyanga.
- Ngokuvamile lisetshenziselwa ukuqhutshwa phambili nokulungiswa kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinyosi. Yonke imikhiqizo yobisi yalezi zimvu igajwa kalula ngomzimba womuntu futhi iyondla ngenani elikhulu lezici ezilandelanayo ezizuzisayo.
- Uboya bezimvu zaseGissar nakho kunezinzuzo ezibalulekile. Nakuba kungasetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezindwangu eziyigugu kakhulu, kuwufanelekile ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezihlukahlukene futhi uzizwa umatti.
Ithuba lokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezihlukene kakhulu zezulu nezesimo sezulu.Yikuphi ukungalungi kwezimvu zikaGissar okudingeka zikwazi ngaphambi kokuqala ukuzala e-farmstead yazo?
Ukunqunywa kwe-wool kakhulu. Ukuze ulungiselele ukuzwa okujwayelekile, kuyadingeka ukuthi ukuqoqa i-nastrig isikhathi eside, noma ukuzala umhlambi omkhulu.
Nakuba lezi zimvu zingena ekukhuleni masinyane, kodwa azizalanga kakhulu. Ezimweni ezingavamile, izimvu elilodwa linombhebhe wezimvu ezimbili.
Kuze kube manje, inani labantu ngabanye balesi sizwe selinciphile kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nokusabalalisa kwabo ezikhathini zaseSoviet. Kule ndaba, ukuthola ama-Gissar ehlanzekile ukuze aqhubeke nokuzalanisa kungenzeka ukuthi akuwona umsebenzi olula.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezimvu zeGissar: izinkomba ezibalulekile nezinhlobo
Sikhulume okuningi ngokukhiqiza kumongo wezinye izici ezingenhla, kodwa kusadingeka ukukhuluma Izibonelo zezinkomba ezithile zezimvu zikaGissar:
- Ngokwesilinganiso, izimvu lapho sezikhulile zifinyelela ku-130-150 kilogram, nakuba zikhulu kakhulu kakhulu, lesi sibalo sifinyelela ku-200 kilogram. Isisindo esibukhoma sezimvukazi asiyona into enkulu kakhulu, kodwa futhi kakhulu kakhulu ngaphambi kwezimvu zezinye izinhlobo - 90-110 kilogram, okungenani - 150 kilogram.
- Njengoba kucatshangwa ukuthi isilinganiso sokuvunwa kwalezi zilwane singama-60%, isisindo somzimba wezimvu singalinganiselwa ngamakhilogremu angu-84 (ingxenye ebalulekile ethathwa isisindo somsila we-fat).
- Ngenxa yokukhula okusheshayo, eneminyaka eyizinyanga eziyisithupha izinyane lemvu liye lalinganiselwa ku-60 kilogram. Lapho ukondla ubisi lwebele, ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala ukwanda kwansuku zonke kungaba kusuka ku-400 kuya ku-550 amagremu.
- Mayelana nokukhiqizwa ubisi lweGuissar, ama-ewes angcono kakhulu. Ngosuku abanikeza ngalo cishe 2.5 amalitha yobisi. Ngakho-ke, amawundlu amaningi kakhulu anqunywa kumama ekuqaleni kakhulu ukuze basebenzise ubisi ngezinhloso zabo.
- Kutuswa ukunciphisa abameli balobuhlobo kabili ngonyaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, unyaka wonke, ngokwesilinganiso, inqama eyodwa ikwazi ukuthola ama-kilogram angu-1.4-1.7 weboya, futhi kusukela ezimvu - kusuka ku-0.7 kuya ku-1.3 kilogram.
Ukuhlukanisa amaHesars ngezinhlobo zokusebenza
Naphezu kokuthi, ngokujwayelekile, lolu hlobo luyi-meat-sebaceous, kunezinhlobo eziningana zezinhlobo zalo, lapho esinye sezici ezide kakhulu kunomunye. Ngokukhethekile ochwepheshe bahlukanisa izinhlobo ezilandelayo:
I-Greasy. Isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke kanye nesici sangaphandle salolu hlobo kuwukuthi kukhona ikati elikhulu lomsila. Umsila onosizi wesilwane ugxile emsila onamafutha.
Ubukhulu bayo bungaba yingxenye yesithathu yomzimba wonke ingxenye yesilwane. Ekuhlatshweni, isisindo somsila we-fat sifinyelela kuma-kilogremu angu-40, okungaba izikhathi ezimbili ngaphezu kwabameleli bezinye izinhlobo.
Ukudla nokugcoba. Nakuba inani lamafutha atholakala kulolu hlobo lwezimvu liphansi kakhulu kulokho okuchazwe ngenhla, kusesezingeni eliphakeme. I-rump yabo inobuningi obukhulu kakhulu, idonselwa ezingeni ngemuva. Izici zenyama eziye zaveza ngokucacile.
Inyama. Imvu kuphela yezimvu ze-Hissar ziningi kakhulu, zazalwa ngenxa yokuxuba nezinye izinhlobo. I-rump evela kubo ingase ingabonakali nhlobo, ngoba iphezulu kakhulu iya phezulu. IWundlu lezilwane ezinjalo zinomsoco futhi zinamafutha amaningi, ngoba amafutha ahlanganisa eduze kwezicubu zomzimba.
Imithetho yokunakekelwa nokugcinwa kwezimvu zeGissar ukufeza izinga eliphezulu lomkhiqizo
Imithetho yokugcina nokunakekela izimvu ze-Hissar azimele ngokuphelele ekukhiqizeni kwayo. Ezweni lakubo, lapho izilwane zihlala khona emadlelweni mahhala unyaka, ebusika zikhukhulwa phezulu ezintabeni, lapho kungabikho khona izindawo ezincibilikwe ngeqhwa futhi izimvu zingathola ukudla kwazo. Futhi lapho kufika ukushisa kwalezi zilwane, kungcono ukuba udle emadlelweni angenalutho nge-greenery eningi kakhulu.
Lapho ugcina izilwane emapulazini, ehlobo nazo zidla emadlelweni (ngaphezu kwalokho, zingashiywa emoyeni ngisho nasebusuku). Kodwa ebusika bayawahambisa emasimini ahlomiselwe ngokukhethekile, lapho izilwane zizokuthola khona njalo ukudla.
Uboya bezimvu zeHissar ezingenasisekelo kubantu busiza izilwane ngokwabo ukuba zibhekane nokubhekene nezimo ezimbi zemvelo: loma ngokushesha ngemuva kwemvula futhi ivuselele kahle. Yize, ngokujwayelekile, lolu hlobo lubekezelela umswakama ophezulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi amapeni ahlale ewomile.
Izimvu ze-Hissar azibalulekile kakhulu ukunikeza idlelo ngokudla okuningi, njengenkulu ensimini. Phela, lokhu kuzalwa kungokwamanye amazwe, ngakho-ke kudingeka badlule kakhulu nsuku zonke, badlule amabanga amade kakhulu. Ehlathini kungenzeka futhi kubangele i-lambing. Ngaphandle bangabhekwa.
Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lezi zilwane zagcinwa kanjani, ukuhlola uboya babo ngokuba khona kwezimbungulu - amafoshi namakhansela - kumele kwenziwe njalo futhi njalo. Ukuvimbela ama-parasites ekusakazeni, izinwele zezilwane ziphathwa ngokukhethekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinambuzane zokugaya izinambuzane kufanele zenzeke kanyekanye wonke umhlambi, ukuze zingasuki kwezinye izilwane. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukucubungula ama-sheds lapho izimvu zigcinwa khona..
Ukunakekela ama-ewes ngesikhathi sokuqina nokunakekelwa okudingekayo ngenzalo
Uma izimvu nezimvu zokugaya kungekho isidingo sokutshala. Emhlambini onjalo ohlangene, ukuhlangana phakathi kwezilwane kubonakala ngokwemvelo, okuyiyona isizathu sokubukeka konyaka udoti emhlambini. Kodwa izimvu ezikhulelwe zingcono kakhulu ukuba zisuswe kumhlambi wonke. Phela, ngesikhathi sokuntula inkululeko, bayodinga ukudla okuhle kakhulu, okudla kuwo ezindaweni ezikhethekile ngokudla okumilayo.
AmaWundlu anamahlombe ngezinsuku ezingu-145. Kuze kube izinyanga ezintathu, kungcono ukuyibeka eduze komama, ngoba ngobisi bayo kuyokhula ngokushesha futhi kungcono. Uma ubisi lwezimvu lubaluleke kakhulu kuwe - ungayithulisa ngisho nangaphambili. Ngemuva kokungabikho, amawundlu amancane angavunyelwa ukuba ahlatshwe, noma aphulwa nawo wonke umhlambi emadlelweni ompofu.
Izici ezondla izimvu zeHissar: yini okufanele ibe ekudleni kwezilwane?
Ngisho nokulungiselela ukudla okuncane kakhulu, lezi zilwane ngeke zihlupheke. Bayajwayele ukuthi ukudla kungase kungabi njalo futhi bakwazi ukugcina izakhi futhi bagcine izimpahla ezinamafutha "ngezikhathi ezimbi kakhulu."
Ngisho ebusika, bangathola ukudla kwabo, bedle izimpande zezitshalo. Kodwa uma ufuna ukuthola inyama eningi yekhwalithi, kungcono ukondla izilwane emadlelweni enotshani obuluhlaza obukhulu kanye nokufinyelela endaweni yokunisela.
Uma futhi ulindele ukugcina izilwane ngaphandle ebusika, zizodinga ukunikeza ukudla okunye. Ungakwazi ukuhlomisa abahlinzeki abafanayo, njengabazingeli emahlathini ezilwane zasendle. Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ukusebenza kancane futhi wakhe izindwangu ezifudumele nezomile ngaphandle kwemigqa yazo (ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ubisi amawundlu emhlambini).
Izilwane ngeke zidle ukudla okuningi: zizoba ne-hay ewanele, okusanhlamvu okuvuthiwe (ifolishi exubekile) nezitshalo eziqotshwe izimpande. Futhi, akufanele sikhohlwe ngokuphuza izitsha ngamanzi ahlanzekile kanye nama-liners akhethekile, okuzosiza izilwane ukuba zigcwalise izinkinga ezingxenyeni zamaminerali.
