Amaqanda angavamile atholakala esidlekeni sezinkukhu abangela imibuzo eminingi. Kungakhathaliseki isizathu, ngoba umnikazi kufanele ukuba aqonde futhi aqede, ngoba isimo singase siholele ekufeni kwezinyoni. Kulesi sihloko sizoqonda izizathu, cabangela izindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela lokho.
Izizathu
Izizathu zokuvela kwamaqanda ngaphandle kwegobolondo ku-membrane elithambile zingase zibe eziningana:
- ukudla okungahambisani nezidingo zezinyoni (izinga elibi, ukungabi namavithamini, amaminerali, ezinye izakhi);
- amaphutha ekulondolozeni izilwane ezifuywayo (ukungcola, ukuxubha, okunamandla, okunye);
- ukwehluleka kwe-hormonal ngenxa yokucindezeleka noma izici zokudala, ezinye iziphambeko;
- ukutheleleka ngesifo noma igciwane ekukhiqizeni kweqanda.
Ukudla
Inkinga yokudla okunomsoco ivame ukutholakala emapulazini amancane: izimpande zinikezwa inyoni etafuleni, ngaphandle kokucabanga ukuthi ibhalansi ethile yezinto kufanele ibhekwe ekudleni kwezinyoni.
Hlola izinga lokuzalanisa amaqanda ezinhlobo zezinkukhu kanye nokukhethwa kwezinhlanga namaqanda amakhulu kakhulu.
Ukudla okumile
Izindleko eziphansi ezomile angeke ziqukathe izinto ezidingekayo ekukhiqizeni. Uma kungabikho kwegobolondo ungakhuluma ngakho ukungabi ne-calcium, amaprotheni ne-phosphorus.
Ungayilungisa lesi simo ngokuthenga ukudla okhethekile kwezendlalelo, okhiqizwa yingxenyana encane. Lokhu kunomthelela ekubalweni okuqondile kwesilinganiso, ukuze kungabangeli ukudla ngokweqile nokukhuluphala, okuyinto evame ukubhekana nezinkukhu. 
Futhi ukukhuluphala kungase kubangele ushintsho esakhiweni seqanda. Ubuye ucabange zonke izidingo zomkhiqizo ophumelelayo, ucabangele ibhalansi elungile lamaminerali namavithamini, i-BZHU. Isilinganiso ngosuku ngosuku lomuntu oyedwa ngu-130 g.
Uyazi? Iqanda ngaphandle kwegobolondo akuyona kuphela i-anomaly, kukhona okunye okunye - iqanda elikhulu, okungukuthi, ngaphandle kwe-yolk. Lesi akusona isifo, futhi ungakhathazeki. Ku-oviduct kuphela okwakuthola inani elithile lamaprotheni, okuyinto ekuphumeni ngokusebenzisa i-genital tract yayigcwele igobolondo.
Ukudla okuxubile
Uma udliwe ngokudla okuxubile, isilinganiso somile nesilinganiso sokudla okumanzi akubalwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokunembile. Ukuchitshiyelwa kwenkathi akucatshangelwa: kubaluleke kakhulu ukungeza amavithamini ngesikhathi sasebusika, ngoba akukho ukuhamba, akukho imifino, futhi isisekelo siwufowuni omkhulu ohlangene.
Kulesi simo, udinga ukucabangela ukuthi ukudla okuxubekile kuqukethe ukudla okuxubene nokusanhlamvu nezithasiselo ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo. Ebusika, inani lamavithamini nezitshalo landa. Inyoni inike imifino - izaqathe, ithanga, iklabishi, isinkwa esithintekayo. 
Ikomidi elimanzi
Isitsha senyoni sihlanganisa imikhiqizo enjalo:
- amazambane abilisiwe, izaqathe, ithanga, i-zucchini kanye nabanye;
- okusanhlamvu;
- ukolweni wekolweni;
- ukudla noma ikhekhe;
- isikhombe noma ezinye izithako ze-calcium.
Hlanganisa ukudla okusekelwe kwesikhishi esincane noma amasondo, amanzi abilisiwe. Lungiselela ukukhonza okunye ukuze ukudla kungahlali isikhathi esizayo, kufanele kudliwe okusha.
Kubalulekile! Unganiki izinyoni ze-beet eziphekwe ngobuningi obukhulu, kubangela ukuphuza nokuhuda.
Izithako
Le nyoni yenyama isikhathi esithile ihlaziya ukulahlekelwa kwamavithamini nezinqolobane zayo zangaphakathi, ezithinta ngokwemvelo isimo jikelele sempilo. Ungathola ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo azikho i-calcium. i-palpation evamile. Amathambo abo (i-keel) azobe esithambile, ehamba kahle futhi eguquguqukayo. Ukuze kuvinjelwe isimo esinjalo, izakhi ezihlukahlukene ze-vitamin-mineral complexes zinikezwa izingqimba. Esikhathini sokwengeza wengeze igobolondo elichotshoziwe, ama-eggshell, ukushayela. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ungadluli: i-hypervitaminosis isimo esibuhlungu. Izithasiselo zixubene ekuphakelayo okungaphezu kathathu ngesonto.
Ividiyo: imithombo ye-calcium yokubeka izinkukhu
Izifo kanye namagciwane
Izifo ziphoqa isimo ngokuthi iqiniso lokutholakala kwesikhashana lingasakazeka endlini yonke yenkukhu, ngaphezu kwalokho, akuzona zonke izifo ze-avian ezingelashwa.
I-bronchitis esithathelwanayo
Lesi sifo sithinta uhlelo lokuphefumula, futhi nalo uhlelo lokuzala, oluthinta kokubili ikhwalithi neminingi yemikhiqizo.
Eyaziwa yizimpawu ezinjalo:
- kunzima ukuphefumula ngomlomo ovulekile;
- ukwenqaba kokudla;
- Izinyoni ezigulayo ziyi-lethargic, ziqoqwa ngamaqembu;
- wabona ukuphuma kwekhanda elivela emlonyeni wesikhumba.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nesifo esithathelwanayo se-bronchitis yenkukhu.
I-Syndrome yehla ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda
Emndenini wezilwane zasemhlabeni jikelele, i-syndrome ibizwa ngokuthi igciwane; ingadluliselwa kusuka kumuntu ngamunye kuya kumuntu ngamunye. Igciwane liqukethe i-mucus kanti ngesikhathi sokudla okujwayelekile kungangena ekudleni.
Esikhathini se-syndrome kunezibonakaliso ezinjalo:
- ukwehla komkhiqizo;
- shintsha umbala wegobolondo;
- ukushintsha kweqanda leqanda;
- ukuqedela ukuzulazula;
- ngenxa yalokho, ukubonakala kwamaqanda embranini.
Isifo se-Newcastle
Isifo seNewcastle, noma i-podium pseudo, siphuthuka ngokushesha: ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu, yonke imfuyo ingenwa igciwane.
Uyazi? Lesi sifo sathola igama layo edolobheni laseNgilandi laseNewcastle, elisegwini elisenyakatho-mpumalanga yeBrithani. Lapho, ukuqubuka kwesifo se-atypical ngo-1926 kwabhubhisa yonke imfuyo edolobheni.
Izimpawu zesifo:
- kunzima, ukuphefumula okukhulu;
- isifo sohudo;
- i-mucus emlonyeni;
- ikhanda liyancipha;
- i-conjunctivitis;
- ukungabi nokuxhumana;
- ukuxuba.
Izinguquko ze-Hormonal
Zonke izinqubo ezivela ekubunjweni ukukhululwa zilawulwa yisimiso sezinzwa futhi zilawulwa ama-hormone. Uma enye yezinhlelo ihluleka, ivele ngokuzenzakalelayo enqubo:
- amaqanda amabili akhiwa esikhundleni somunye;
- inciphise isikhathi sokuvuthwa nokuhamba ngendlela yegciwane;
- inqubo yokwakheka kwegobolondo ilahlekile.
Isizinda sama-hormone singashintsha ngaphansi kwethonya lokucindezeleka, ukugula, ukuntuleka kokudla. Akunakwenzeka ukucacisa ngamehlo, kuphela ngudokotela wezilwane ongakwazi ukuxilonga le nkinga ethile.
Thola ukuthi kungani uthole amaqanda amabili amaqanda namaqanda ngegazi, nokuthi kungani izinkukhu zibeka amaqanda nge-yolk eluhlaza, ama-peck amaqanda, athatha amaqanda amancane, angaphathi kahle.
Izimo zokuboshwa
Ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, izinyoni kufanele zinikezwe izimo ezifanele. 
Ngenxa yokuqhuma, isibonelo, ukuhamba okungavamile, ukungabi nelanga, izinyoni zihlushwa ukucindezeleka, ngakho-ke Izilwane ezifuywayo zidinga izimo ezilandelayo:
- ukuhlanzeka endlini ye hen (ukulala, i-perches, i-feeders);
- Isikhala esanele ekamelweni lenyoni ngayinye (ngamunye ngamunye 1 sq. M);
- izidleke akufanele zivuliwe;
- amanzi amasha;
- indawo yokuhamba ehamba ngezinyawo, ivaliwe izinyoni zasendle nezilwane, nge-shed, lapho ungafihla emvuleni noma ilanga elivuthayo;
- ukudla ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Sikukwazisa ukuba uzijwayele ngamasu okugcina izinkukhu: ukuthi ungahlomisa kanjani izinhlanzi, izidleke, wenze i-feeder okuzenzekelayo kanye nesitsha samanzi, ukwakha i-paddock yokuhamba.
Izindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga
Izinkinga zendalo ezingenabuhlungu zilula ukuxazulula:
- ukuhlanzeka kukhishwa endlini;
- ukwandisa isikhala uma kunesidingo;
- ukudla okubuyekeziwe.
Uma ukusobala kwe-hormonal kusolwa, ukwelashwa okwanele kungenziwa kuphela ochwepheshe ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwelabhutrikhi.
Uma ukutheleleka kusolwa, udokotela wezilwane kuyodingeka ahlolwe, izinto zokuhlaziywa zizoqoqwa futhi imithi yokwelapha echazwe udokotela izolandela.
Noma yisiphi isifo, enye yalezi zilandelayo kufanele ikhutshazwe nge-disinfected. izixazululo ezilandelayo:
- 3% soda eshisayo;
- amalungiselelo e-iodine;
- I-6% yama-chlorine ane-lime;
- Isixazululo se-Lugol.
Izinyoni ziphathwa ngezidakamizwa zezilwane: "i-Anfluron", i-iodine eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umthamo kanye nendlela yokwelashwa kuyokwethwa udokotela ngokusho ngesimo sesifo.
Lapho i-Newcastle itholakele, le nyoni ayiphathwa, ngoba igciwane liyasakazeka ngokushesha, futhi izingozi zokulahlekelwa yiyo yonke imfuyo ziphezulu. Izinyoni ezigulayo zilahlwa, zigonyelwe enempilo, igumbi lenziwa ngokungahlanjululwa (phenol, ethyleneimine). 
Uma kwenzeka i-egg drop syndrome, i-disinfecting cleaning is kwenziwa (nge-chloroform, i-beta-propiolactone), ukwelashwa kunqunywe udokotela wezilwane, ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa. Uchwepheshe futhi uqhuba ukudonsa kwezinyoni ezivela emhlambini wezinkomo kanye nokugoma.
Kubalulekile! Uma kwenzeka isifo sofuba, ibhizinisi livaliwe ukuhlukaniswa, ukudayiswa kwemikhiqizo nemikhiqizo yeqanda kuvunyelwe. Izinsuku ezingamashumi amathathu kamuva, ukuhlukaniswa kwempahla kususwe ngemuva kokungasebenzi kahle kokugcina kwebhizinisi.
Ukuvimbela
Inkimbinkimbi yezinyathelo zokuzivikela iqukethe izenzo ezilandelayo:
- Ukulinganisa izakhiwo ngamathuluzi e-ultraviolet (okulimaza ezinkingeni eziningi).
- Faka ukuvikelwa kusuka kumagundane, ama-slugs nezinyoni zasendle.
- Gcina izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkukhu ngokwehlukana.
- Izinkukhu zigonywe.
- Abantu abasha ngaphambi kokuba obselenie baveze ukuhlolelwa nokugoma, okuqukethwe okuhlukile kokuqala cishe kwenyanga.
- Enkonzweni isebenza kuphela ezembatho zemisebenzi.
- Njalo uhlanganyele ekuhlanjululeni imishini yonke izakhiwo kanye nabanikezeli, abaphuzayo.
- Uphindwe kabili ngonyaka ukuhlanza, ukubulala amagciwane, ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali.
- Landela ukudla kwamawadi, uhlole njalo.
Izinkukhu zezilwane ezinkukhu zibukeza mayelana nenkinga
Futhi-ke i-limestone encane ingaqhubeka inikezwa, futhi ngokujwayelekile, igrafu elincane akumele likhohlwe - kuyadingeka ukuba likwazi ukugaya kahle.
Futhi esikhundleni sokunye okuhluma okusanhlamvu, i-hydroponic fodder eluhlaza isebenze kahle - lapha kokubili usayizi weqanda likhuphuka, ubukhulu begobolondo, kanye ne-saturation yeqanda ngamavithamini (ngisho nombala we-yolk uba yi-orange ekhanyayo emnyama), kahle, uyashesha isikhathi eside.
Ukufingqa: inkinga ingavinjelwa ngokubheka imithetho yezilwane kanye nehlanzekile. Ngokubheka okuqukethwe kwezinyoni, ekudleni kwazo, uzothola ekuphenduleni umkhiqizo ophezulu epulazini lakho.
