Njalo ngonyaka, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-tomato ukuqhuma zithola abalandeli abaningi. Izimfanelo zakhe ezinhle zihlonishwa kakhulu ngabalimi, abaningi bafuna ukuba netamatisi enjalo endlini yabo yasehlobo. Iyini imfihlo yempumelelo leyo?
Yiqiniso, iqiniso lokuthi lezi utamatisi zihlwabusayo kakhulu, zikhiqiza, ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kokuqala kanye nenani elikhulu lemisebenzi ewusizo.
Sinikeza incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo Ukuqhuma, izici zalo nezici zokulima. Sizokubuye sikutshele ukuthi yiziphi izifo lezi tamatisi ezithandwayo, futhi yiziphi ezibhekana nazo ngokuphumelelayo.
Utamatisi "Ukuqhuma": incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
| Igama leBanga | Ukuqhuma |
| Incazelo jikelele | Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala ezivuthiwe zokugcina izithombo kanye nomhlabathi ovulekile |
| Umsunguli | I-Russia |
| Ukuvusa | Izinsuku ezingu-100-110 |
| Ifomu | Nxazonke, kancane kancane |
| Umbala | Olubomvu |
| Isilinganiso sesisindo somunwe | 120 amagremu |
| Isicelo | Utamatisi ayingqayizivele |
| Ukukhiqiza izinhlobo | 3 kg isitshalo |
| Izici zokukhula | Inqubo ye-Agrotechnika |
| Izifo zokuphikisa | Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nezifo eziyinhloko zikatamatisi |
Lezi utamatisi zakhiwe eRussian Federation ngekhulu lama-21. I-Tomato Ukuqhuma ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala, kusukela ngesikhathi lapho imbewu itshalwe khona emhlabathini ukuze kubonakale izithelo ezivuthwe, kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-100 kuya kwezingu-110.
Izihlahla ezitholakalayo zalolu utamatisi zikhula zibe ngamasentimitha angama-45-60 futhi azivamile. Zibonakala ngokusakaza. Mayelana namamitha ase-indeterminantny funda lapha.
Ukuqhuma kuyinto ehlukahlukene hybrid. Ungakhula lawa utamatisi ensimini, nasendaweni yokugcina izithombo, zokugcina izithombo noma ngaphansi kwefilimu. Kubonisa ukumelana okukhulu nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kanye nezifo eziningi. Umkhiqizo wezinhlobonhlobo ze "Ukuqhuma" kuhloniphekile - cishe ama-kilogram ayizigidi zezithelo ngokuvamile kuvuna kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa salezi utamatisi.
| Igama leBanga | Ukuthela |
| Ukuqhuma | 3 kg isitshalo |
| Isigubhu segolide | 15-20 kg ngomitha wesikwele ngasinye |
| Ugaxekile we-pink | 20-25 kg imitha ngayinye |
| I-Gulliver | 7 kg kusuka esihlahleni |
| U-Red Guard | 3 kg kusuka esihlahleni |
| U-Irina | 9 kg kusuka esihlahleni |
| Intombazane enobuqili | 15 kg ngayinye imitha yesikwele |
| Nastya | 10-12 kg ngayinye imitha yesikwele |
| Ama-apula eqhweni | 2.5 kg kusuka esihlahleni |
| Samara | 11-13kg ngomitha wesikwele |
| Crystal | 9.5-12 kg ngamitha yendawo ngayinye |
AmaTamatisi okuqhuma aziswa ngokukhethekile ngezimfanelo ezifana:
- Ukuvuthwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwezithelo.
- Ukuphikiswa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene.
- Izimfanelo ezinhle zomkhiqizo wezithelo kanye nezici zabo zokunambitheka.
- Ukungathobeki.
- Ukuvunwa okuhle kuzo zonke izimo zezulu.
- I-universality ekusetshenzisweni kwezithelo.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo cishe azikho ukungalungi, okubangelwa ukuthandwa kwayo.
Izici
Izici zesithelo:
- Utamatisi "Ukuqhuma" kunefomu elincane elibanjwe.
- Bafinyelela amagremu angu-120 ngesisindo, kodwa abanye balimi bayaphatha ukutshala utamatisi obunesisindo esingama-260 amagremu.
- Unokuthungwa okunamandla nombala obomvu.
- Ukuqukethwe kwendaba eyomile kuvamile.
- Lawa utamatisi ahlukaniswa nenani elincane lamakhamera.
| Igama leBanga | Izithelo isisindo |
| Ukuqhuma | 120 amagremu |
| I-Crimson Viscount | 450 amagremu |
| I-Verlioka | 80-100 amagremu |
| I-Valentine | 80-90 amagremu |
| I-Altai | 50-300 amagremu |
| I-baron | 150-200 amagremu |
| Sensei | 400 amagremu |
| Fatima | 300-400 amagremu |
| Bella Rosa | 180-220 amagremu |
| Klusha | 90-150 amagremu |
| UMongameli | 250-300 amagremu |
| I-Kostroma | 85-145 amagremu |
| Banana obomvu | 70 amagremu |
Utamatisi Ukuqhuma kungagcinwa isikhathi eside futhi uthwale ukuhamba kahle kakhulu. Utamatisi walezi zinhlobonhlobo zilungele ukusetshenziselwa okusha nokulungiswa kwezaladi zemifino, ukulondolozwa kanye nokukhethwa kwamanzi, ukukhethwa, ukupheka, ukunambitheka utamatisi kanye nejusi.
Funda futhi kwiwebhusayithi yethu: Indlela yokutshala isivuno esikhulu samatamatisi ensimini? Ungayithola kanjani izitshalo ezinjalo unyaka wonke ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo?Yikuphi izinhlobo ezinomkhuhlane omkhulu kanye nokuphikiswa kwezifo ezinhle? Yiziphi izinkolelo zokukhula kwezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala utamatisi?
Isithombe
Sikunikeza ukuthi ujwayele utamatisi wezinhlobonhlobo "Ukuqhuma" esithombeni:
Izici zokukhula
Ukuqhuma kwamatamatisi kungakhula kuzo zonke izifunda zaseRussia, futhi zisakazwa e-Ukraine naseMoldova. Isici esiyinhloko sezinhlobonhlobo ukuthi zingakhula kokubili ukutshala kanye nokungenambewu. Zihlukaniswa ukuhluma okuhle kwembewu nokuvuthwa okusheshayo kwezithelo.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo, kuzomele uzibambe amahora ayisithupha emanzini aqhakazile, bese usuka ku-aloe ijusi. Lezi zixazululo zithuthukisa kakhulu ukukhula. Ngemuva kwalokho, imbewu kufanele yome, bese ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini evuthayo. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngoMashi noma ngo-Ephreli.
Inhlabathi yalezi utamatisi kufanele ibe ne-acidic, ilula futhi i-hydrated kahle. Funda futhi ngezinhlobo zenhlabathi yamatamatisi, mayelana nokuthi inhlabathi kufanele ibe nini lapho utshala utamatisi ku-greenhouse.
Abanye balimi baqala ukutshala imbewu ezincane ezinomhlabathi wezakhi, futhi emva kokuvela kwezithombo bazihlwanyela emhlabathini kanye nalezi ziqukathi. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba uhlale uhambile uhlelo lwempande zezitshalo. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla kufanele libe ngamasentimitha angu-50, futhi phakathi kwemigqa - amasentimitha angama-40. Omunye usebenzisa i-mini-greenhouses ezikhethekile zezithombo.
Emva kokuvela kwezithombo, kuzodingeka ziphuze njalo, kepha ziphuze ngokulinganisela. Esinye isitshalo kufanele sithole ama-milliliters angu-100 amanzi njalo emva kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Ngemuva kokuthi amaqabunga akhiwe ezitshalweni, inani lamanzi liyodingeka likhuphuke libe ngamamitha ayizigidi ezingu-200.
Ngenkathi izitshalo zisesiteji sesitshalo, kubalulekile ukuzondla okungenani izikhathi ezine. Ukuze ukondle, ungasebenzisa kokubili amakhemikhali kanye nesisombululo sokhuni nge bird droppings noma umquba.
Funda kusayithi lethu konke mayelana namanyolo wezitamatisi:
- Ukuze izithombo.
- Okuphezulu kakhulu.
- Amaminerali nama-organic.
- Izinkimbinkimbi ezilungiselelwe.
- Imvubelo
- Iodine
- Ash.
- I-hydrogen peroxide.
- Amoniya.
- I-boric acid.
- Indlela yokudla foliar futhi ugeze izitshalo uma ukhetha?
Njenganoma yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo, ukuqhuma akulimazi imodi efanele yokuchelela, ukususwa kokhula noma ukuhlanganisa, ukuhlanganisa uma kunesidingo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Utamatisi Ukuqhuma cishe akuzona ngaphansi kwezifo, kodwa ukwazi mayelana eziyisisekelo kanye nezindlela zokulwa nazo kuwufanele konke. Funda mayelana ne-Alternaria, i-Fusarium, i-Verticillus, i-Blight late, ukuvikelwa kwe-Phytophthora nezinhlobonhlobo ezingathinteki yilesi sifo. Kusuka ezinambuzane - i-Colorado amazambane ama-via-beetle, ama-aphid, ama-thrips, ama-spider izibungu, utamatisi angavikelwa ngezokwelapha ezinambuzane.
Uma ukhathalela ngokufanele ukuqhuma kwetamatisi, kuzokunika isivuno esicebile samatamatisi esiphundu futhi anempilo ongayisebenzisa ekusetshenzisweni kwakho nasekuthengiseni.
Siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayele nezinye izinhlobo zamatamatisi ezinemigomo ehlukile yokuvuthwa:
| Ukukhula kokuqala | Ukuphumula okuphakathi | Ngaphambi kokuqala |
| I-Crimson Viscount | Ibhanana eliphuzi | I-Pink Bush F1 |
| Insimbi yeNkosi | I-Titan | I-Flamingo |
| Katya | I-F1 slot | I-Openwork |
| I-Valentine | I-honey salute | Chio Chio San |
| Cranberries ushukela | Imangaliso emakethe | I-Supermodel |
| Fatima | I-Goldfish | Budenovka |
| I-Verlioka | De barao black | I-F1 enkulu |
