Ukulimala okusabalalisa noma "ukubola okumnyama" yisifo esivame kakhulu nesingozi esiletha abalimi izinkinga eziningi, ikakhulukazi lapho bekhula utamatisi. Ukulimala kwesikhathi eside kuyisifo se-fungal esithinta kakhulu izinhlobo ezahlukene zezamatamatisi.
Amabala aluhlaza avela esitshalweni nasemaqabunga, amafomu amhlophe aphelile emakhazeni angaphansi kweqabunga, kanti futhi izithelo eziluhlaza ziphenduka abamnyama.
Lesi sifo silimaza sonke isitshalo, futhi izithelo azifani, ngakho abalimi bemifino bazama ukutshala ezinhlobonhlobo zabo zezitshalo ezingavumelani nalesi sifo esiyingozi. Lesi sifo sithinta zonke izingxenye zesitshalo, kufaka phakathi izithelo, ngakho-ke abantu abaningi kakhulu bakhetha izinhlobo zamatamatisi eziphikisana ne-phytophthora. Ngokuyinhloko, ukumelana kakhulu kunamatamatisi okwephuzile okwephuzile kuyizinhlamvu. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezibekezelela lesi sifo.
Ingozi "yokubola okubomvu"
I-Phytophthora iyingozi kakhulu ezitshalweni eziningi zomndeni we-nightshade.. I-Phytophthora infestans yigama le-agents causative yesifo, okusho ukuthi "okubulala isitshalo." Futhi leli gama lilungele ngokugcwele, njengokubukeka kwalesi sifo isihlahla se-tomato siqala ukoma, izindawo ezimpunga zivela esithelweni, okukhula kancane kancane zibole ngephunga elimnandi. Utamatisi akhubazeke futhi awela.
Uma ungafaki izinyathelo zokwelapha izitshalo ezivela e-phytophthora, ungalahlekelwa sonke isivuno sotamatisi.
Utamatisi omelana nokulimala okuphelile kanye nezifo zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo
Awekho utamatisi, okungaba ngu-100% okubangelwa ukulimala okungenayo igciwane, ababelethi abakhe bavuna izinhlobo zemifino ezithela izitshalo ngaphambi kokuba lesi sifo siqale ukuthuthukisa. Cabanga ngezinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-hybrid ngokumelene ne-phytophthora, okunconywa ukuba itshalwe emhlabathini ovaliwe.
Isigadi
Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala ezivuthiwe, ezinemizuzu eyisithupha. Bushe kuze kube ngamamitha angu-2, kusukela emahlumela okuqala ukuvuna kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-100. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, udinga ukudala isihlahla ngezinhlamvu ezimbili, izendlalelo ezisele zisusiwe, futhi izintambo ziboshwe.
Ukukhula kwesikhathi eside kuqala phakathi nehlobo bese kuqhubeka kuze kube seqhwa kuqala. Izithelo isisindo kufika ku-360 amagremu, ngenkathi zinambitheka kakhulu nephunga elimnandi. Izithelo zigcinwa isikhathi eside futhi zibekezelela ukuhamba. Ukuhlukahluka kwe-Ogorodnik kunomkhuhlane oqinile we-phytophthora.
I-Gypsy
Isaladi, i-high-yield, i-hybrid yonyaka phakathi nendawo, ngokuhluma okuphezulu kwembewu. I-utamatisi yokuqala ingalahlwa ngosuku lweshumi nantathu emva kokuhlwanyela. Isihlahla asiyona inhlobo enkulu, i-deterministic, ayikhuli ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1.3 ukuphakama, ayidingi ukwesekwa kanye nama-garters.
Ukuze uthole inqwaba yezithelo ze-Gypsy ezihlukahlukene ezivela esihlahleni esisodwa, kufanele zenziwe zibe iziqu ezintathu.
I-fruiting carpatus ku-5 utamatisi ngesibhamu esisodwa. Izithelo ezilinganisa amagremu angu-180 nge ukunambitheka okumnandi. Utamatisi ukubekezelela ukugcina isikhathi eside nokuhamba. Amasiko anesiguli esiphelele kwezifo eziningi.
I-Academician Sakharov
Mid-season, ezihlukahlukene ezide ne-friendly fruiting ngosuku lwe-90 emva kokuhluma. Isiko lesithelo yi-Academic Sakharov kakhulukanti izithelo zilinganisa isigamu se kilo.
Isitoreji esibi, njengoba izithelo zinomsoco kakhulu. Ukuphikisana nokulimala okwesikhashana kanye nezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Ukubuyisela
Ekuqaleni, ama-hundred day hybrid. Ibekezelela ukushisa okuqinile, isomiso. Isihlahla asinkulu, sikhula kumamitha ambalwa nengxenye ukuphakama. Utamatisi womhlaba wonke ulinganisa amagremu angu-300, enambitheka emnandi. ayinalo izinga elihle lokugcina izinga lokuhamba nokuhamba, kepha futhi nasezifweni eziningi, kuhlanganise ne-phytophthora.
Union 8 F1
I-hybrid evuthiwe yokuqala, ekhulile izinsuku ezingu-100. Izinhlobo zikaBush Union 8 F1 ayivami ukukhula ngaphezu kwamitha.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izithelo ezinesisindo esingu-125 amagremu zivuthwa kakhulu, ngoba amasonto amabili okuqala we-fruiting ezihlukahlukene zihlinzeka ngo-60% wesitshalo. Izithelo zinyene kakhulu, ngakho-ke zihamba ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa futhi zigcinwe kahle. I-hybrid imelana nezifo eziningi.
Ezinye izinhlobo
- Rose of the Winds.
- I-Snowdrop
- Alaska.
- Indaba yeqhwa.
- I-Alpatiev 905.
- Isikhulu esincane
- Budenovka.
Yikuphi izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala ezinamandla okuzivikela komzimba?
I-Phytophthora - ingahlala emhlabathini, ithuluzi lensimu futhi liyixoshe cishe, kodwa kungenzeka ukutshala izinhlobo zezotamatisi ezivikelekile kulokhu kuhloswe.
Tatyana
I-indeterminate, i-hybrid enezikhathi ezijwayelekile zemifino, enokuphakama kwamahlathi okungaphezu kwamamitha amathathu.
Izinhlobo zetamatisi I-Tatiana iqala ukuvuthwa ngezinsuku eziyi-100 ngemva kwemibuthano. Emabhulashini angu-1 avela ezithelo ezingu-7, enesisindo esingu-400 amagremu.
Izithelo zikhangayo kakhulu, zibomvu futhi zifakwe kancane. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphezulu-ezivela esihlahleni esisodwa, ungathola okungaphezu kuka-8 kg wezithelo.
Ikhadineli
Izinhlobo zetamatisi IKhakhadi elide, elingenamkhawulo, isihlahla sifinyelela kumamitha amabili. Ukuvuthwa kokuqala, kunikeza isivuno izinsuku ezingu-80 emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala.
Isiko simelana nokulimala okuphelile kanye nezifo.
Umnyama
Ubude obude, phakathi nonyaka we-hybrid, okungavamile ukuhlaselwa yizifo ze-fungal. ukuphakama kwesihlahla 2 amamitha noma ngaphezulu.
Izithelo zeBanga eliMnyama ziqala ukunikeza ngosuku lwekhulu emva kokuhluma. Lezi zihlukahlukene ziyamangalisa ukuthi unamatamatisi anombala obomvu.
Kuze kufike ku-8 kg wezithelo ezilinganisa amagremu angu-170 ngayinye ingaqoqwa kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa sezinhlobo eziMnyama.. Ibekezelela ukuhamba nokugcina isikhathi eside.
UCarlson
I-compact, ende, i-tomato engapheliyo eqala ukubeka isithelo ngosuku lwe-80 emva kokuhluma.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeKarson kuphakeme, kufika ku-10 kg kusuka esihlahleni, kanti utamatisi ngamunye ulinganisa u-200 g. Isihlahla sidinga ukwakha futhi siboshwe.
Lesi sitshalo simelana kahle nezifo eziningi kanye nezifo zefungal.
De barao
De Barao ezihlukahlukene - gibrit engapheli nge ukuphakama kwesihlahla ngaphezu 2 amamitha. Isihlahla ngasinye sikhiqiza amabhulashi angu-10 ngezithelo ezingu-6 ezilinganisa amagremu angu-300. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphakathi nonyaka, izinsuku eziyikhulu, yonke indawo.
Inekhwalithi yokugcina okuhle, ayilahlekelwa isethulo sayo ngesikhathi sokuhamba. I-hybrid imelana nezifo eziningi.
Ezinye izinhlobo
- I-Black bunch ye-F1.
- I-pear emnyama.
- Union 8.
- Lark
- I-Karotinka.
- Tsar Peter
Ama-hybrids angaphansi komhlaba
Izinhlobo zamatamatisi zanamuhla ziphikisana nezifo. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezamatamatisi ezingatshalwa ngaphandle kwama-garter kanye nezihlahla ze-shrub.
Dubrava
Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi ekhulayo, ukuphakama kwesihlahla akunakudlula kufinyelela ku-60 cm.
Izithelo zokuqala ze-Dubrava ezihlukahlukene zingaqoqwa ngosuku lwama-80 emva kokuvela kwezithombo.
Ibanga liphezulu-ukuvumela, ngesikhathi esifanayo akudingi i-garter ne-pasynkovaniye. Njengoba lesi sitshalo sesivuthiwe, asigulisi ukulimala okwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokukhula.
Ukubuyisela
Ukubuyisela kabusha izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-hybrid, ukuphakama kwamahlathi 1.2 m. Kudinga ukwakheka kwesihlahla, ngakho-ke phakathi nenkathi yonke ekhulayo yakha izingxenye ezihlangene.
Ukuvuna kusuka ezihlukahlukene izitshalo Resonance zitholakala emva kwezinsuku 90.
Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi lesi siko sinokubekezelela ukungafihli komswakama, futhi ngeke sithole izifo ezivamile zomndeni wakwa-nightshade.
Isisindo
Izinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi Isikhathi esinezinhlobonhlobo - ezihlukahlukene, ikhulu, usuku olufushane. Izitshalo ziyingcosana, i-compact, ubude obuyi-45 cm kuphela. Kusukela kwesitshalo esisodwa ungathola u-3 kg wezithelo ezimnandi, ezimnandi, ezilinganisa ngamunye amagremu angu-60.
I-Orange Miracle
Ukuqala kokuvuthwa kwetamatisi, utamatisi wokuqala ungalingwa kakade ngosuku lwesishiyagalolunye emva kwamahlumela. Isisindo sesithelo esisodwa singama 400 amagremu. Ikhula kahle futhi iveza izithelo ngokuntuleka komswakama. Kuhle kakhulu ngokumelene ne-phytophthora nezifo.
I-Perseus
Ukuvuthwa okuncane, okuncane (70cm), ezihlukahlukene jikelele. Isisindo sesitamatisi esisodwa singama-gramu angu-120, ungathola isivuno izinsuku ezingu 90-100 emva kokuhluma. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-Perseus zinezifo eziningi ezifweni nezifo ezithathelwanayo.
Futhi ngaphezulu?
- Isikhulu esincane
- I-Grotto.
- I-Dubok.
- Ukugcwaliswa okumhlophe.
- Berry.
- Inhliziyo ye-Orange.
- Izibani zaseMoscow.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Kunzima kakhulu ukwelapha utamatisi kusuka ku-phytophtora, ngezinye izikhathi akukho zindlela namalungiselelo okusiza ukugcina isivuno esihle.
Ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela ezokusiza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka.
- Indlela yokuqala yokuvimbela ingabizwa ngokuthi utamatisi okhulayo ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo zokulala, ngoba lapho kulula ukudala izimo ezikhethekile lapho lesi sifo singasakazeki khona, kanti utamatisi uzokhula uqine futhi uphile.
- Esikhathini sokushisa kumele kube nesistimu yokuphuza umoya, nge-ventilation njalo.
- Inhlabathi ebamba ukushisa kufanele idingiswe ngaphambi kokutshala ngalunye, njengoba i-phytophtora spores ingahle ibe emhlabathini.
- Uma utshala utamatisi endaweni evulekile, udinga ukukhetha indawo enomoya, ngenkathi ukuchelela kufanele kube okulinganayo, ngaphandle kwalokho i-phytophthora izovuka ngokushesha futhi iqale ukwenza okuthile.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi awudingi ukwandisa izitshalo ngezindaba eziphilayo, futhi kungabangela ukutheleleka.- Ukunisela kuyenziwa kuphela ngaphansi kwezimpande, ngoba uma isimo sesimo sezulu esibhakabhaka, umswakama ungase uhlale ngaphansi kwamaqabunga esihlahla, okuzobangela ukutheleleka yi-fungus. Ukunisela kwenziwa ekuseni kakhulu.
- Uqaphele amabala amnyama esitshalweni, uyisuse ngaphandle ngaphandle kokuzisola bese uwushisa, ngakho uzogcina isivuno sakho.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi awudingi ukwandisa izitshalo ngezindaba eziphilayo, futhi kungabangela ukutheleleka.Isiphetho
Yiqiniso, noma yimuphi umlimi wemifino owaziwayo uyazi ukuthi utamatisi awunayo izifo ezibucayi ngokujwayelekile, azikho emvelweni, kodwa ungagwema ukutheleleka ngalesi sifo endaweni yakho.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwenza izinyathelo zokuvimbela, ngaphambi kokutshala ukuze uncontaminate imbewu nenhlabathi. Kumele uthenge ama-hybri ekhuthazela ukuhlaselwa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene zefungal..
