Abasimili balithanda ukuzama, futhi ngokuvamile emibhedeni bavela izitshalo ezingavamile zamehlo ethu. Ngomunye walaba "bafokazi" - imifino yemifino yemifino, sizokutshela.
Vigne yemifino: incazelo
Lesi yisitshalo somndeni we-legume. Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cowpea. Ingakwazi ukukhula njenge-shrub noma i-crost-crost, kodwa izinhlobo eziningi zithuthuka njengezinyosi. Njengezinhlobo ezihlukene, imifino yeVigna isakazeka esuka e-Central Africa, kodwa yaziwa ngempela eChina. Amafomu e-Asparagus asungulwe emasimini lapho, okuqinisekisa ukuphakama kwalesi siko.
Iqiniso liwukuthi ubhontshisi be-asparagus yemifino inezithelo ezinde ngesimo sebhontshisi. Umcibisholo owodwa nembewu ingafinyelela kumitha eyodwa ubude.. Amacembe ngokwawo ayinambitheka futhi anethenda, futhi ngaphandle kwamafayili. Uyakuthanda kakhulu ukushisa, ngakho-ke ezindaweni zethu zokuhamba zihamba phambili izithombo ezikhulayo.
Abamele umndeni we-legume nabo: ubhontshisi, i-peas peas, i-peas, i-acacia, i-cercis, i-vetch, i-peas elimnandi.
Izinhlobo zalolu hlobo njengeVigna Chinese ziyahlukahluka ezihlukahlukene. Ubude obude buyisici sendlela yokukhuphuka ("isiShayina", "Long Black," "Countess"). Izinhlobo zakudala ziyizinhlobo zezinyosi ezinobhontshisi kuze kufike ku-10-12 cm ubude ("Katyang", "Adzuki", "Mash", "isiKorea"). Izithelo zika-30 - 40 cm ziyakuthandeka phakathi kwe-ripened semi-taste "Macaretti" noma "Darla".
Ihluke kumabhontshisi avamile emagumbini aphansi aqondile. I-peduncles - ende, ekhuphuka, kuzo zonke izimbali eziyisikhombisa ezibomvu noma ezimhlophe. Amaqabunga amakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi esifanayo "ukuphoqa" kuzogcina amandla esitshalo, ngaleyo ndlela ulethe isikhathi sokuvuna eduze.
Ama-pods asetshenziselwa ukupheka nokuphathwa kwezifo eziningi (isisu, ukuvuvukala okuhlukahlukene nezinkinga zezinso). Yiqiniso, aziqedi ukwelashwa okuluhlaza, okushisa kuyadingeka.
Uma uthola ukuthi yini inzuzo yesibhontshisi se-asparagus, bhekani izici zokulima.
Indlela yokukhetha indawo yokutshala ikamela
Ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo, ubhontshisi obunjalo udinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ngakho-ke, sizokhetha indawo kanye nomhlabathi wokungena ukucabangela "uhlamvu" lwayo.
Izidingo zokukhanyisa
Ukufinyelela okukhanya kuyimpoqo, ngakho-ke bheka indawo ekhanyisiwe. Uhlaza oluhlaza kakhulu ngeke kube umakhelwane omuhle kakhulu wezinkomo. Uma kuphakama ubunzima ngokukhanya okuqhubekayo, ukukhanya (lokhu kubalulekile) umthunzi oyingxenye uyokwenza kanjalo.
Isitshalo esinothando sokushisa asikwazi ukubhekana nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ngisho nasezingeni lokukhula kwembewu kuyadingeka i-microclimate efudumele. Akunzima - inhlabathi ebhodweni okwesikhashana ehlanganiswe nefilimu noma ingilazi, futhi ufake efesiteleni.
Uyazi? Ngokulondolozwa okufanele, izitshalo zezinhlobo ezithile zingakwazi ukufinyelela ubude obungama-5 m. Irekhodi le-cowpe elikhulile emasikweni liwu-7 wamamitha.Ibhodlela noma ibhokisi elihlwanyelwe umhlaba lifakwa efasiteleni ohlangothini oluseningizimu. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, nikeza ukukhanya okungaphezulu (isibani se-fluorescent sanele).
Kufanele kube inhlabathi yokutshala
I-Chinese Vigna ahlukumezekilekodwa akufanele usebenzise kabi. Ukwakhiwa kwenhlabathi kungaba yimuphi - Ubhontshisi kuzothathwa ngisho nomhlabathi omuncu noma we-alkali.
Izinhlobo zethu ezidumile ziyamukelwa kalula ezindaweni lapho ama-apulazi noma ama-cabbages asetshenziswe khona ngaphambili, kuyilapho ama-legumes abhekwa njengabanduleli ababi. Isimo somswakama asiyidlala indima ekhethekile - ukumelana nesomiso kulesi sitshalo kuphezulu.
Indlela yokutshala i-cowpe, i-cowpe ekhulayo ehlathini
Ukukhuphula induku ngokuhlwanyela kuyindlela evamile. Lona umsebenzi olula, kodwa ngama-nuances ayo.
Izinsuku zokufika
Usuku oluthile kulula ukubala. Into eyinhloko ukuthi i-Vigna ngokwayo kanye nokukhula kwayo kusuka kumbewu akufanele kuxhomeke esimweni sezulu esibanda. Ukuhlwanyela kwenzeka cishe ngenyanga (kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-35) ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, ovame ukuwenziwa ngesonto eledlule lika-Ephreli. Amahlumela avela ekushiseni okungenani okungenani ama-degrees angu-15, ngakho ukuhluma kwezinhlanzi ezimpini kuyinto evamile.
Kubalulekile! Amaconsi amancane okushisa adluliswa ngaphandle kobunzima. Ukuguquka kombuso njalo, kunalokho, kuyingozi kakhulu kubhontshisi.Ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene, inkathi ekhulayo ibuye ihluke, kuyilapho umzila waseChina uveza imbewu kakade eneminyaka eyizinsuku ezingu 90 (kanti "isiJapane" sinenkathi yezinsuku ezingu-150). Uma lezi zinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingavamile, kungcono ukuxhumana nabathengisi.
Ukulungiselela kokutshala izinto
Esigodini esifana neVigna, imbewu ikulungele ngendlela evamile kithi. Zihlolwe ngaphambilini ngokususa okusanhlamvu okulimaziwe noma okuguqulwe umbala. Qaphela ukuthi imbewu ayifani neyotini.
Ungakwazi (ka-20 imizuzu) ukuthi ufinyelele okuncane kwisisombululo esinamandla se-potassium permanganate, qiniseka ukuthi uhlanza ngemuva kwalolu hlelo. Kukhona enye indlela - usuku olungaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu lufakwa emanzini okushisa ama-30 - 35 degrees. Lokhu kuzokhuthaza ukukhula okuqhubekayo.
Izici zokutshala i-cow, indlela yokutshala i-asperagus yebhontshisi yesiShayina
Imbewu eyomile elungiselelwe ifakwe enhlabathini enomanzi, ekujuleni okuncane (kufika ku-1 cm). Kunconywa ukufafaza imithombo yamagqafa we-spray ngendwangu yesikhwama semifino (2 cm yale substrate izogcina umswakama). Ukuphelelwa yisikhathi kwenziwa nge-toothpick noma enye into encane.
Uma uhlela ukutshala i-asparagus ubhontshisi, kuyoba mnandi ukufunda ngezinzuzo, izinhlobo kanye nezitshalo ezikhulayo.
Umhlabathi ngokwawo kufanele uvuthe. Uma ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa okokuqala, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-substrate ethengwe. Kubekwe amahlamvu amathathu kakhulu emiphakathini yokutshala. Emabhokisini okufika kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isikhathi sokuhamba phakathi kwezitshalo sizaqhubeka.
Ukukhula kwezithombo ze-cowpea
Lapho abalimi behlwanyela ubhontshisi bezithombo, balungiselela ukuqapha njalo "iziqephu". Nakhu okuvelele okumbalwa mayelana nokuthi yikuphi isidingo sokukhumbula:
- Umswakama ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokuhlwanyela kugcinwa ngokucophelela ngokumboza imbiza noma ibhokisi ngefilimu;
- Lapho nje amahlumela evela, asusa isikhumba;
- Imbewu enhle ayidingi ukondliwa okweziwe ngenyanga yokuqala;
- Ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe kusethelwe okungenani isigamu sosuku;
- UVigna uthola kahle.
Izitshalo azidingi injabulo ekhethekile esiteji sokukhula kwezithombo, ngaphandle uma kunesidingo sokupunizwa ngezikhathi zenhlabathi.
Uyazi? I-Cowpea ubhontshisi iyisithako esihle kakhulu sokudla. Okuqukethwe kwamaprotheni kuwo kudlula u-25%.
Okukhethekile kokunakekela i-cowpea
I-seedling iyathokozisa iso, iyashisa emgwaqweni - maduzane uqale ukutshala kokugcina kwezitshalo kusayithi. Ake sibone indlela le nqubo eyenzeka ngayo.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile
Ubhontshisi obukhulayo emhlabathini ovulekile baqala inyanga eyodwa emva kokuhlwanyela (kodwa kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-35). Ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi awekho amaqhwa, qhubeka:
- Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi iyanisela kakhulu;
- Ukujula kuncike ngobukhulu (kusuka ku-4 ukuya ku-7 cm);
- Gcina ibanga elingama-60 - 65 cm phakathi kwezitshalo ngokwawo, no-80 - phakathi kwemigqa.
- Umbhede ungahlanganiswa nama-humus.
Kubalulekile! Inhlabathi yokutshala kufanele ifudumele ekujuleni kwe-10 - 12 cm.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulinganisela kokumswakama nokushisa, indawo enezithombo ihlanganiswe nefilimu efakwe ezandleni ezincane. Lapho kubanda phezulu bese uphonsa i-burlap. Ukuvikelwa okunjalo kususwe kakade ngokwesilinganiso nsuku zonke +15 ° ะก.
Ngenani elikhulu lezithombo, isitshalo sokutshala iplanethi emhlabathini ovulekile sinikeza imbewu yokuvuselela ngezinsuku ezingu-10-20.
Ukunisela nokutshala izitshalo
Ukuphuza njalo kwenziwa kuze kufike amaqabunga amane okuqala, kulandelwa ukunciphisa kwawo. Uma kubonakala sengathi i-budding moistening iyadingeka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukondla nokudla:
- Emalitha angu-10 amanzi ahlanganisa 5 g we-potassium chloride no-15 g we-superphosphate. Uma kungekho iphilisi le-vitamin esandleni, 100 g lomlotha uzokwenza. Zonke lezi zakhi zixutshwe;
- Ngendlela efanayo, umugqa (20 cm) womanyolo ulungele imithombo kuze kube yi-5 cm ejulile;
- Ngemuva kokudla, ama-grooves agcwele umhlaba, futhi inhlabathi iyakhululeka.
Uyazi? Izitsha zobhontshisi zinkulu zokwelapha isifo senhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zithinteka kakhulu - ukulahlekelwa izakhi kungamancane.
Lapho isiqu "siphume" kumamitha angu-2.5, ukusika izihlahla kuphelile. Iphumelela inqubo yokuvuthwa.
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Esikhathini sokukhula kwezihlahla ezinjalo ukuncishiswa kuncishiswe ukusikwa kwesintu futhi kukhululeka emva kokunisela. Ukukhishwa kokuqala kwenziwa uma isignali ikhule ibe ngu-7 cm. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ayifuni.
Ukuze "ulayishe" inhlabathi, izitshalo ezincane ziyahlulwa, zibeke ibanga elingama-40 cm phakathi kwazo. Ukukhishwa kwesibili okulandelwa yi-weeding kwenziwa emavikini amabili.
Ukuze kutholakale isivuno esingcono, umhlabathi ovulekile ubanjwe ekwindla, futhi urea wengezwa entwasahlobo (15-20 g / m2). Ama-organics abekwe ngesilinganiso esingu-5-7 kg / sq.m (ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele, lokhu kwenziwa ngaphambi kokukhukhumeza isikhathi eside). Ukuze umanyolo wamaminerali, umthamo uwu-30 g we-superphosphate endaweni efanayo.
Imifino yeVigna: ukuvuna i-asperagus ubhontshisi
I-Vigna ubhontshisi ikhula, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukukhula nokuyinakekela kufakwe esikhundleni sokuvuna.
Kubalulekile! Ama-pod omisiwe asuswe ngokushesha uma ephenduka. Lindela "ukuhlanza jikelele" kuyakhethwa.Ubhontshisi buvunwa izinsuku ezingu-70 ngemuva kokutshala imbewu. Imbewu yembewu ivunwa lapho iziqu, ama-pods namaqabunga kancane kancane emile futhi abe ophuzi. Izitokisi ezinjalo zigcinwe emakamelweni owomile emazingeni okushisa aphansi (kufika ku +7 ° C). Ukuhluma kwabo kufinyelela eminyakeni emihlanu, uma bephathwa ngeqabunga lesitshalo (ngakho bawavikela ezinambuzane).
Ama-pods nezinhlamvu eziye zafinyeleleka kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi u-freshness olumhlophe kufanelekile ukugaya nokudla. Ngalesi sikhathi, imbewu ngaphandle kobunzima iminywe iminwe, "ubisi" buphuma kubo. Uma lokhu ketshezi kugeleza, kodwa ukuwachoboza kulula, lokhu kuyisikhathi esifanayo. Ama-blade wona ahlala eluhlaza.
Eqiniseka ngezinto ezizuzisayo zobhontshisi baseShayina, cishe "banquma" engadini yabo. Manje abafundi bethu bayazi ukuthi bangakhula kanjani lesi siko.
