I-Oxalis (oxalis) isitshalo se-herbaceous esiyingxenye yomndeni we-Acidic. Indawo yokusatshalaliswa izifunda eziseningizimu yeMelika ne-Afrika, iMexico.
Incazelo ye-Oxalis
I-perennial, ukuphakama okungu-15-35 cm. Esikhundleni sesiqu, kunesigqi esinwabuzelayo. Ngaphandle, kufana ne-clover, ngoba amahlamvu nawo mancane futhi enesimo esiphindwe kathathu.
Izithelo zisesimweni sebhokisi lezidleke ezinhlanu, onsundu okhanyayo, ubude - 1 cm, ububanzi - 50 mm. Izimbali azishintshi, umbala umhlophe futhi upinki okhanyayo, isikhungo siphuzi.
Izinhlobo ze-acidity kanye nezimpawu zokubanakekela
Ekhaya, ungakhula izinhlobo ezinjalo ze-acid emuncu:
| Buka | Incazelo | Izimbali | Izici Zokunakekela |
| Ngaphakathi | |||
| Unxantathu | Amaqabunga e-ternary akhiwe ngotshani acwebile futhi akhuphuka ebheka isikhathi sosuku (ukunyakaza kwepuleti kufana ne-butterfly mappan). Umbala - onsomi omnyama. | Encane, nsomi. | Ukuncipha ekunakekelweni, asikho isikhathi esibuhlungu. Ungavumeli ukomiswa kwenhlabathi noma ukuzuma kwamanzi. Ukuze uzuze isisindo, ngenkathi yasekwindla-ebusika inikezela ubusika obuphoqelelwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yehlisa imvamisa yokunisela, usike iziqu bese unyakazisa imbali egumbini elipholile. |
| I-Regnella (inundu elingunxantathu) | Amahlamvu aluhlaza angama-3 agcwele | Incane, imhlophe. | Ukubukeka okungathobeki, kungaba ngaphandle kokunisela cishe izinsuku eziyi-10. Hlikihla njalo amaqabunga ukuze unikeze isihlahla ubukhazikhazi. |
| Ingadi | |||
| Glandular | Izinhlobo zezimbali zasendlini ezithandwa kakhulu, zikhula zize zifike ku-10 cm.Besesimweni - isihlahla esinamakhompiyutha anamahlamvu wokuhlobisa aluhlaza okotshani. | I-Pinkish-lilac enemisipha e-raspberry. | Nikeza ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela kanye nokuncipha okujwayelekile. |
| IDep | Kukhona amapuleti ama-4 aluhlaza ophathwayo, kwisisekelo anephethini elimnyama. Zikhula zibe ngama-35 cm. | I-rose eyenziwe nge-rose, eqoqwe kuma-inflorescence. | Ebusika, bakha indawo yokukhosela, ngoba isitshalo asibekezeleli amazinga okushisa we-subzero. Ukunisela kuyinto elinganiselwe. |
| Okuxubile | Ngokwesimo sekhandlela, umbala umhlophe ngombala obomvu. | Yenza izihlahla ezijwayelekile. Bazizwa bekhululekile ezindaweni eziyomile. | Zisetshenziswa ngehlamvu yenaliti. |
| Carob | Amaqabunga e-brown cherry. | Encane, ephuzi. | Ngokubhekisele kukhula, ngakho-ke, ukunakekelwa akudingekile. Abalimi balawula kuphela ukukhula kwesitshalo ukuvikela ukukhula kwayo okuphelele. |
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya kwe-Oxalis
Lapho unakekela i-acid, kufanele ugxile kusikhathi sonyaka:
| I-Factor | Ntwasahlobo ehlobo | Ukuwa kobusika |
| Ukukhanyisa nendawo | Iwindi elibekwe ohlangothini olungasentshonalanga noma olusempumalanga lwesakhiwo, ama-oxalis engadini abekwa emthunzini oyingxenye. Ukukhanya kuthambile futhi kuyaphazamiseka, ukuvezwa ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kubangela ukusha. | Umthunzi oyingxenye. Asikho isidingo sokukhanyisa okwengeziwe. |
| Ukushisa | + 20 ... +25 ° С. | + 14 ... +18 ° С. |
| Umswakama | Kutshalwe ekuseni nakusihlwa. | Izinga lomswakama lingu-45-50%. Ungafafazi. |
| Ukunisela | Okuningi, ngokushesha ngemuva kokumiswa kwengqimba ephezulu yomhlaba. Isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku ezingama-2-3. | Kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Kanye njalo emavikini angama-2-3. Faka umanyolo wendawo yonke. | Unganikeli. |
Isikhathi sokuphumula
Isikhathi sobusika siyinyanga eyi-1-1,5. Izimbali ziyimisa ukukhula kwazo, kepha amahlamvu awawi. Kulesi sigaba, ukuchelela kuncishisiwe noma kumiswe ngokuphelele (udinga ukubheka isimo sesitshalo). Izinhlobo zasendlini zithuthelwa egumbini elipholile nelomile.
Izimbali
Ukuqhakaza, uma i-acid iqinisekisiwe ukuthi isezingeni eliphakeme, ingaqala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Lokhu, ngemuva kokuphela kwenkathi evamile yokuvela kwamahlamvu, kwenziwa ubusika bokufakelwa. Ngemuva kwenyanga, i-acidic idluliselwa enhlabathini entsha, eniselwa kakhulu futhi ibekwe endaweni ekhanyiselwe kahle. Izimbali zenzeka ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30- 40.
Izici Zokufakelwa
I-oksijini isitshalo esikhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke sidinga ukufakelwa konyaka. Isikhathi esifaneleyo ukuphela kukaFebhuwari noma ukuqala kukaMashi.
Ngasikhathi sinye, esikhundleni somhlabathi bazama ukuphatha ama bulbs ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka. I-Oxalis ihlanza kahle imfucumfucu kanye namahlamvu owomile.
I-oksijini idinga izingcezwana ezikhanya kakhulu. Ngokudalwa okuzimele kwezingxube zenhlabathi, kunconyelwa isilinganiso 1: 1: 1: 2: 1 ukuthatha izingxenye ezilandelayo:
- ishidi, i-turf, humus kanye nomhlabathi we-peat;
- isihlabathi esihle.
I-oksijini ayikwazi ukutshala u-anyanisi owodwa, ngakho-ke izingcezu ze-8-10 zifakwa esitsheni. Izinto zokutshala zingcwatshwa enhlabathini nge-1 cm.
Kudingeka ukuthi kubekwe ungqimba lwamanzi ahlanganisa ubumba olwandisiwe. Ngemuva kokufakelwa, imbali ihanjiswa egumbini elipholile futhi ikhawulelwe ukunisela okuhle.
Ukunakekelwa Kwangaphandle kwe-Oxalis
Ama-Oxalis akhula kahle ngokulinganayo emthunzini oyingxenye nasezindaweni ezivulekile. Inhlabathi ikhethiwe ivundile, iyakhululeka futhi ingaphefumula. I-acidity ethandwayo yenhlabathi ayithathi hlangothi noma i-acidic kancane. Uma kunesidingo, khona-ke ngaphambi kokutshala imbali, bambe umhlabathi, bese ufaka i-peat kanye nomquba. Izithombo zifakwa ekujuleni kuka-3-4 cm, ibanga eliphakathi kwazo kufanele libe ngu-10-12 cm. Ukutshala kuyanconywa ukuba kwenziwe maphakathi no-Ephreli esimweni sezulu esifudumele kodwa esinamafu.
Imvamisa, ama-oxalis anemvula eyanele yemvelo, kepha uma isomiso sibhekwa, khona-ke izihlahla ziniselwa ngenani elincane lamanzi afudumele ekuseni noma kusihlwa.
Njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, lesi sitshalo sifakwa kumaminerali ahlanjululwe noma ngeKorovyak.
Ekwindla, imbali idinga ukulungiswa ubusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, mulch umhlaba emhlabeni Rhizome. Asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngengxenye yasemhlabeni yama-oxalis, ngoba isazokoma, kepha nezilimo eziyizigaxa zizohlala ziphila futhi ziphilile kuze kube sentwasahlobo elandelayo.
Ukukhiqizwa kwama-oxalis
Ukuze kwenziwe kabusha i-acid, kusetshenziswa izinto zokutshala:
- ama-bulbs;
- nezilimo eziyizigaxa
- ukusika;
- imbewu.
Indlela elula ukusebenzisa ama:
- i-rhizome iyasuswa esitsheni futhi ihlanzwa ngamanzi okushisa egumbini;
- ama ahlukaniswe ngokucophelela komunye nomunye;
- izinto zokutshala ezivelayo zibekwa imizuzu eyi-15 kunoma yisiphi isikhulisi sokukhula; iKornevin ibhekwa njengekhambi elidumile;
- u-anyanisi izingcezu ezimbalwa ubekwa ezimbizeni, bese iziqukathi zihanjiswa endaweni efudumele;
- ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela, umkhumbi uthuthelwa egumbini eliqhakazile.
Ukuphinda ukwenziwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kwenziwa ngokwe-algorithm efanayo.
Uma ukhetho luwele phezu kwezihlahla ezisikiwe, bese wenza okukhohlisayo okulandelayo:
- phansi, usike isiqu;
- khipha amahlamvu amaningi ngokweqile, yi-2-3 kuphela okufanele ihlale kumasiki;
- inqubo ibekwe emanzini;
- ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, amahlumela okuqala avela, lapho efika ku-1.5 cm, adluliselwa enhlabathini evulekile.
Indlela yembewu yokukhulisa imbewu phakathi kwabalimi ayiphumelelanga, ngoba izinhlobo zasendlini zandisa amanani azo ngokwezihlahla, nezitshalo zegadi - ukuzikhulisa.
Amaphutha ekunakekelweni kwe-oxygen
Ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa kwama-oxalis, abalimi be-novice bangenza amaphutha okungenzeka ukuthi, uma kutholwa ngokungafanele, angavusa nokufa imbali:
| Umphumela kumahlamvu | Isizathu | Ukuqothula |
| Ukushintshwa kombala. | Ukukhanya okungekuhle. | Ithangi eline-acid liyiswa endaweni ekhanyiselwe kakhudlwana. |
| Ukubuna. | Ukunisela ngokweqile. | Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwama-oxalis, kukhiqizwa amanzi asezingeni eliphakeme ebhodweni ukukhipha umswakama ngokweqile. Lungisa imodi yokunisela. I-oksijini ingunyaniswa kakhulu lapho umhlaba usomile ebhodweni. |
| Ukuvela kwamabala. | Shisa | Isitshalo sidluliselwa emthunzini oyingxenye. Isembozo sokubukwa kwengadi nge tulle. |
| Amathiphu omayo. | Ukushoda komswakama, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, ukuvezwa ukukhanya kwelanga. | Ngenkathi efudumele, imbali kwesinye isikhathi ifafazwa ngamanzi. |
| Kunwebeka amaqabunga nesiqu. | Ukushoda kokukhanya. | Amahlamvu aphambili ayanqunyelwa, kuthi omuncu ahanjiselwe egumbini elikhanyiswe kahle. |
| Ukomisa nokufa. | Inqubo yemvelo. | Ingxenye yonke yezimbali iyanqunywa, bese kuthi omuncu bayiswe egumbini elipholile elimnyama. Entwasahlobo, ama-oxalis azoqala ukukhula. |
Izifo, izilokazane ze-oxalis nokulawulwa kwazo
Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwe-acid, ingahlaselwa izinambuzane nezifo:
| Pest / isifo | Izimpawu Ukuboniswa kwangaphandle emaqabungeni | Isizathu | Lwa |
| Isikhala sesicabucabu | Ukusonteka, ngaphakathi kunewebhu ecashile emhlophe. | Umoya omile. | Imbali iphathwa nge-Actellic ehlanganiswe emanzini. Phinda emva kwesonto. |
| Ama-aphid | Shintsha ukwakheka, ohlangothini oluhle emuva kukhona ukunqwabelana kwezinambuzane ezincane eziluhlaza okotshani. | Engilazini yamanzi engeza isipuni sensipho ewuketshezi kanye isiyaluyalu. Kwisisombululo esiphumela, kugcotshwe umdwebo wekotoni futhi zonke izindawo ezithintekayo zimbali ziyagezwa. | |
| I-Fusarium | Ukushona, inhlanganisela emhlophe ikhona ezansi kwesiqu. | Ukugeleza ngokweqile, ukuqina kwamanzi. | I-acid emuncu isuswa ebhodweni futhi izimpande zagezwa kahle. Izindawo ezibolile zisikwa zifinyelele ezingeni lezicubu ezinempilo. Lesi sitshalo siphathwa ngeFundazole futhi sitshalwe kwisitsha esisha esinezendlalelo zekhwalithi ephezulu. |
Izici eziwusizo ze-acid, ukusetshenziswa, ama-contraindication
Phakathi kwezakhiwo ezizuzisayo zama-oxalis, lezi zenzo ezilandelayo ziphawulwe:
- i-diuretic ne-choleretic;
- antiparasitic;
- ukuhlanza nokulimala kwamanxeba (okusetshenziselwa ngaphandle);
- anti-ukuvuvukala kanye hemostatic (sebenzisa acid evamile omuncu);
- antipyretic;
- i-diuretic ne-antitoxic.
Kepha, ngaphandle kwenzuzo enkulu yesitshalo, kunezindlela eziningi zokwephulwa kokusetshenziswa kwaso:
- izifo zesibindi nezinso;
- gout
- Izinkinga;
- urolithiasis;
- isifo se-pancreatic.
Isitshalo asinazo kuphela izinto zokwelapha, kodwa futhi sinezithelo ezihlwabusayo impela, ngakho-ke i-oxalis isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuphekeni:
- engeza kumasaladi wemifino esikhundleni se-sorrel;
- isobho seklabishi liphekwe ngesisekelo salo;
- utshani obusha buyangezwa iziphuzo eziqabulayo, lokhu kunomthelela ekuqedeni ukoma ngokushesha.
I-oksijini iqukethe izinto ezilandelayo:
- I-Oxalic acid. Kunomphumela omuhle ekwandeni kwama-pancreas nesisu. Idlala indima ebalulekile kwi-hematopoiesis, futhi umzimba ugcwele nge-magnesium, iron ne-potassium.
- I-Malic acid. Kuyakhulula ukuqunjelwa, kuthuthukisa izinqubo ze-metabolic, kuthinta kahle ikhwalithi yombono.
- I-Succinic acid. Ivimbela ukwakheka kwe-cholesterol, ithuthukisa ukumelana nomzimba nemiphumela emibi yezidakamizwa. Yehlisa izinga le-uric acid, ethuthukisa isimo samalunga.
- I-Folic acid. Ihlanganyela ekwakhekeni kwe-DNA, ikhulisa ukusebenza kahle, yenza kube lula ukusebenza kwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi, ibambe iqhaza kwi-hematopoiesis.
- Vitamin A. Kuqinisa amaseli namasosha omzimba. Isiza ekulweni namathumba amabi, avuselela amaseli esikhumba ngokushesha.
- Vitamin C. Isebenza amasosha omzimba. Inemiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala, iqeda amagciwane namagciwane ahlukahlukene.
- Isitashi. Kuphakathi kwama-carbohydrate amunzwa kahle aguqulwa abe ushukela, okudingekayo ekuhlanganiseni kwamandla emzimbeni.
- Umzila. Iqinisa ama-capillaries, ichitha ama-atherosulinotic, ibuyisa isigqi senhliziyo.
- Carotene. Ivimbela ukungena kwezinto ezinobungozi emzimbeni, ilwe nokuguga kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.
Inomphumela omuhle esizweni sohlelo lwezinhliziyo. Futhi lezi akuzona zonke izakhi ezizuzisayo ezikhona ekwakhiweni kwamuncu.
