I-Parsnip kuthiwa yindawo yokuzalwa yaseMedithera. Ungumhlobo wama-parsley, izaqathe. Ekubukeni - izaqathe ezinkulu zombala omhlophe namahlamvu ka-parsley. Esikhathini esidala, kwakuvamile eYurophu naseNtshonalanga ye-Asia, lapho kwakubhekwa khona isiko kuphela sefodder.
Njengomkhiqizo wokudla, ama-parsnips athandwa kakhulu ngekhulu le-17. Kanye ne-turnip kwakungukudla okuyisisekelo kwabampofu, kwaze kwaba yilapho isetshenziselwa amazambane angeniswe eMelika.
Namuhla, izinhlobo ezingu-15 ze-parsnip ziyaziwa ngabalimi, kodwa-ke, kuphela okulinywa kuwo. Engxenyeni yaseRussia, i-parsnip ikhula kuyo yonke indawo, i-blooms ngoJuni noJulayi. Njengoba, ukuze sikhule i-parsnip ekhaya, kubalulekile ukukhetha ezihlukahlukene ezihlotshisiwe ezikulo mifino, ukukhetha imbewu kuyakuba ngumsebenzi oyinhloko.
Izinhlinzeko ezijwayelekile zobunjiniyela bezolimo
Inselele enkulu yokutshala nokuhlakulela i-parsnip ekutholeni imbewu yezitshalo eziphezulu.
Usizo Isikhathi sokutholakala kwembewu ka-parsnip unyaka owodwa.
Kuyinto engathandeki ukutshala lesi sitshalo ngomquba, njengoba izitshalo zempande zilahlekelwa izakhiwo zayo ezizuzisayo. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenze esakhiweni ngamagilavu, njengoba kungase kushiswe lapho unakekela isitshalo. Izitshalo zempande ezishiywe ngonyaka wesibili (ebusika) zinikeza imbewu. Imbewu idinga ukulinganiswa nokulahlwa (imbewu eminingi engenalutho).
Ungakhetha kanjani ibanga?
ERussia, ukutshala i-pasternak ezingeni lezemfundo sekuphelile. Izinhlobo ze-parsnip zihlukile ngokuvuthwa nokuma kwesithelo. Ochwepheshe batusa izinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- Nxazonke;
- Okuhle kunakho konke;
- Inhliziyo;
- ISorkork;
- Culinary
Konke
Ikhula ngokushesha, inesisindo sika 150-200 gUkukhiqiza kusuka ku-1Q. amamitha amathathu - 4 kg.
Okuhle kunakho konke
Ibanga le-Sredneranny, ukuvuthwa ezinyangeni ezingu-2 kuya kwezi-3. Ilinganisa amagremu angu-150. Gcwalisa 3 kg ngesikwele ngasinye. imitha
Inhliziyo
Isikhathi semaphakathi-nonyaka, ukuvuthwa ezinyangeni ezingu-3, sinciphisa amagremu angu-100. Gcwalisa 1.5 - 4 kg ngesikwele ngasinye. imitha
Isigodlo esimhlophe
Lesi sitshalo sesisindo sinzima - amagremu angu-100, ukuvuthwa ezinyangeni ezingu-4, kubhekwa njengokuvuthwa okuphakathi. Gcwalisa 4 kg ngesikwele ngasinye. imitha
Culinary
Uphatha amamaki okuqala, avuthwe ezinsukwini eziyi-100, ulinganisa - 150 amagremu. Ukukhiqiza kusuka ku-1 isikwele. amamitha amathathu kg.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zifaneleka kakhulu izimo zaseRussia.
Ukunakwa: udinga ukuhlwanyela kakhulu, ukuhluma kwembewu ka-parsnip kungaphansi kwama-50%.
Ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile ngokusebenzisa izithombo
Ngenxa yalokho okuqukethwe imbewu yama-parsnip amahlumela abalulekile ahamba ngendlela enzima Kusho ukukhulisa lemifino yempande kungcono ukutshala.
- Imbewu yeParsnip ishiywe usuku emanzini afudumele, bese isomile futhi ihlwanyelwe emabhodini agcwele ingxube esekelwe i-peat, enezinhlobo ezingu-3-4.
- Izimbiza zimbozwe nge-foil.
- I-substrate ingalungiswa yedwa kusuka ku-peat, isihlabathi ne-perlite.
- Nsuku zonke imizuzu engama-20 kuya kwangu-40 isuse ifilimu ukuze uthole umoya.
- Ngemuva kokuhlunga izithombo, le filimu isusiwe.
- Izimbiza zibeka endaweni ekhanyayo.
- Uma kwenzeka ukukhanya okuncane, ukukhanya okwengeziwe kuyasetshenziswa.
- Hlanganisa isitshalo ngokumisa ubuso bomhlabathi.
- Amahlumela e-Parsnip azwela ukukhetha, ngakho ohlwanyelwa ezitsheni ezihlukene.
- Lapho izithombo zakha amaqabunga okuqala, zingatshalwa emibhedeni. Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini okhiqizwa phakathi no-May. Ngalesi sikhathi, amathuba okushisa aphansi kakhulu, kanti inhlabathi iyathuthuka. Ukutshala imifino yokukhula esifundeni saseMoscow kwenziwa ngoMeyi (ngokucabangela izimo zezulu).
Indlela yokukhula kusuka enzalweni?
- I-Pasternak itshalwe emhlabathini lapho iklabishi noma amazambane atshalwa khona ngaphambili. Umhlabathi ubamba ububanzi obungama 20 - 30 cm, uhlanzwa ukhula.
- Inhlabathi enamandla iyacebisa nge humus, loamy - nge-ammonium nitrate ne-superphosphate.
- Imbewu ye-Parsnip ihlwanyelwa izingcezu ezingu-3 ngokujula kwe-2-3 cm. Emithonjeni, ene-interval of 10 cm komunye nomunye, enobubanzi obungama-40 cm phakathi kwemigqa.
Khona-ke ungabuka ividiyo ukuthi ungakhula kanjani ama-parsnip kusuka imbewu ekhaya:
Ukunakekela
Ukushisa okukhulu kokukhula kwe-parsnip ku-18-22 gr. Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo kunisela, kukhululeka, kukhula nokugqoka. I-Pasternak idinga ukuchelela njalo kwisigaba sokubunjwa kwezithelo. Ukuntuleka komswakama kuphenduka amaqabunga aphukile, kanti izimpande ziphahlazeka. Umswakama obangelwayo kungabangela isitshalo ukuba sikhule isifo sefungal. Kubalulekile ukuwasebenzisa kahle nangokuhlelekile.
Esikhathini esishisayo, ukuchelela okungu-5 kwanele; ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3, inhlabathi ikhululiwe, ukhula luyakususwa. Emva kokuqinisa amahlumela, i-parsnip iyakwazi ukucindezela ukhula. Ukudla kokuqala kwenziwa ezinsukwini ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-15 emva kokufakelwa kabusha, umanyolo we-nitrogen. Maphakathi noJulayi, sebenzisa umanyolo we-potash ne-phosphorus.
Ukuqoqa nokugcina imifino
Umkhiqizo weparsnip 2 - 8 kg ngesikwele ngasinye. imitha Izimpande zeParsnip zivuna ekuwa, okungcono ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa. Umdwebo ugobe kahle isitshalo, usike amaqabunga, uhlelwe ngokubukeka nosayizi. Imifino imifino igeze ngamanzi afudumele, inqunywe futhi imiswe. Ngemuva kokumiswa, ukushisa kuhhavini. Ngemuva kokupholisa, ulale ebhodini lesikhumba ngesembozo.
Ukuze isitoreji esiqandisini, isitshalo sesitshalo sihlutshiwe futhi sinqunywe. Beka iphakheji, ususe umoya, ufake efrijini. Imifino enomsoco enempilo ibekwe kuma-sandboxes, agcinwe emazingeni angaba ngu-0, emgodini ophansi noma ngaphansi.
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-Pasternak ithinteka yizifo ezitholakala ezitshalweni zemifino. Izitshalo ze-Parsnip zidala ukulimala okukhulu kwezifo ze-fungal. Kunezinye izinambuzane: isanqante ihamba, isihlangu esinezimpawu, isikhuhlane sezinsimu. Ezifo ze-parsnip powdery isikhutha kanye nokubola okumpunga kuvamile kakhulu.
Izinambuzane eziyingozi kunazo zonke ze-parsnip yi-bristle enemibala, isikhuhlane sezinsimu, kanye ne-caraway moth. I-bristle emigqabha idla ama-juices ezitshalo ezincane. Insimu yezinsimu - iphuza ijusi kusuka emaqabunga. Amacimbi e-caraway moth abhubhisa ama-testes wesitshalo, ancelise izicubu ze-inflorescence. Njengoba ukunqotshwa kwalesi sitshalo yi-septoria, izindawo ezibomvu zakhiwa emaqabunga, okuholela ekufeni kwesitshalo.
Ukuvimbela izifo zezitshalo
Ukuze izifo ze-fungal zingathinti ama-parsnip, izincomo ezilandelayo kufanele zilandelwe:
- Ama-re-parsnips angabuyiselwa kusayithi hhayi ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-3, alungise ngokucophelela isayithi ngaphambi kokuba atshale, asuse izitshalo zezitshalo zangaphambilini ezivela kuso.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala, phatha imbewu, perevalivat inhlabathi ngesikhathi, umoya isitshalo.
- Uma lesi sitshalo sigula, kufanele ususe masinyane ama-specimens abathintekayo, futhi okuphilile kufanele kuphathwe ngamakhemikhali. Ukubhujiswa komhluzi wokusebenzisa imfudu emanzini avela phezulu kwamanzi utamatisi kanye nesepha yokuhlanza (3 kg no 50gr).
- Amakhemikhali asiza ekulwa nemikhaza kanye nezibungu ezinemibala. Kubalulekile ukukhipha ukhula ngokuhlelekile, ukumba umhlabathi, ukuqapha umswakama ofanele womhlabathi.
I-Pasternak - i-vitamin yemvelo, yemvelo, sekuyisikhathi eside isetshenziselwa imithi yendabuko.
Izimpande zomsuka parsnip zijabule, zivuselela umsebenzi wobuchopho, zithuthukisa umzimba, zisiza ngesifo sikashukela.
I-tincture yomsuka we-parsnip ngenyanga evuselela ukuqiniswa, ikhuthaza ukuvuselelwa kwamakhono engqondo. I-decoction yamagatsha ka-parsnip isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukukhanya. I-Pasternak ayinconywa ngabantu abadala kanye nezingane. I-root parsnip isetshenziselwa nokudla kwesilwane.
