Kungani izaqathe ziyaqhakaza? Izithombe nezincomo zamasimu, okumele ukwenze ukuze ugcine isivuno

Ama-karoti ayamnandi ukunambitheka nemifino enomsoco enempilo ekhula cishe kuzo zonke izakhiwo zasadini. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungisa zonke izinhlobo zokudla, ngakho-ke lukhulile cishe yonke indawo.

Kodwa kunenkinga evamile phakathi kwabalimi - lokhu kuwubuhlungu bemifino ngonyaka wokuqala wokukhula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuphulwa kwe-agrotechnical kanye nomthelela wezinto ezihlukahlukene.

Ukukhula kwemicibisholo kubangela izinqubo ezingenakuguqulwa ezinciphisa ubungakanani kanye nekhwalithi yesitshalo. Masixoxe ukuthi kungani izimbali zivela ezinqoleni bese zibonisa esithombeni ukuthi zibukeka kanjani.

Incazelo ye-botanical

• Ifomula le-Inflorescence: Ч5- ОЛ5Т5П2.
• Izimbali zinobulili obuhlukile, ezimhlophe, ezincane, kufika ku-2-3 mm, eziqukethe ama-twin amacilongo amahlanu, afana nenhliziyo eqinile, zitholakala esithombeni esincane.
• I-Pistil ne-stamens ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ama-stamens alula, aqina.
• Ama-Sepals amancane, ungaqhubeki ngaphesheya kwamagundane.
• Izimbali zakhiwa nge-inflorescences yezingcezu ezingu-12-15.

Ukubukeka kwe-inflorescences, isithombe

Ngaphandle, imbali yezimpande ibonakala njengesambulela enemibala engu-15-20. Imisebe yesambulela iyingozi-i-pubescent, yembula ngenkathi izimbali, izithelo zicindezelwe ndawonye. Imbali imhlophe, kunalokho isayizi enkulu (12-15 cm), iqukethe ama-inflorescences angu-50.

Uma uyibheka ngokucophelela, ungabona izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe ezinamazinyo angenakuqhathaniswa, izinkomishi ezinezimhlophe ezimhlophe, eziphuzi noma ezibomvu.

Imbali ebomvu ebomvu ibonakala phakathi kwesambulela.. I-inflorescence ephakathi kokuqala iqhakaza, bese uqeda kancane kancane konke okunye.

Kungani lokhu kuyinkinga kumgadi wensimu?

I-izaqathe iyimifino enhle. Ngonyaka wokuqala uletha izithelo ezingadliwa. Esikhathini sesibili, izitshalo neziqu ekhula zivela ezimpandeni. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuthi lapho ukuhlwanyela ebusika ngonyaka wokuqala kunokuba impande ikhule i-spike. Kulesi simo, lesi sitshalo asinakususwa.

Izaqathe ezimbali ezibuhlungu zivuthiwe abalimi abalindela ukuthola isivuno esivulekile. A lapho kuhlwanyelwe, kukhona ukukhula okuningi kwembewu, okuholela ekuvuneni kwezitshalo. Ayifuni futhi ayihlakuleli, iba yinyama, isomile futhi ayifanele ukudla. Wonke amandla, izakhi ezisetshenziselwa ukuphoqa umcibisholo, hhayi ekuthuthukiseni impande.

Kwenzekani nini?

Izimbangela zezimbali zihlotshaniswa kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu nokuphulwa kobuchwepheshe be-agronomic:

1. Amahora omfushane omnyama - amahora angaphansi kuka-10 ngosuku. Ebusuku, lezi zitshalo zithatha izinkinga eziphilayo eziyinkimbinkimbi eziholela ekubunjweni kwe-peduncles.
2. Intwasahlobo ebandayo ifakazela ukuthi ngonyaka wokuqala, esikhundleni sezithelo ezinkulu, imicibisholo yemifula ibonakala embhedeni wensimu.
3. Umhlabathi ongatholakali.
4. Imbewu yekhwalithi engafanele, eyasuka ngenxa ye-inter-pollination yokuhlwanyela izaqathe nesendle.
5. I-Vernalization ingumphumela wesikhathi eside ekutsheni izinto zokushisa eziphansi (kusuka ku-0 kuya ku-4 degrees). Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ukuphazanyiswa kwe-metabolism embewu, okwenza ushintsho lwemifino kusuka ekukhuleni kommbila kuya ekukhuleni. Isiko semifino siguqulwa sibe yihlobisa. Ngaphansi kwezimo zesimo sezulu, isikhathi sokubandayo sithatha indawo izaqathe ngonyaka wokuqala wokukhula, kanti okufudumele kukhonjiswa ngephutha njengonyaka wesibili, ngakho izitshalo ziqala ukuqhakaza.
6. Ukuqina kwembewu yokutshala nokunciphisa okuncane.
7. Ukungena noma umswakama obuningi emhlabathini kumazinga aphezulu okushisa.
8. Frost ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela.
9. Inhlabathi ekhuliswe ngokweqile.

Ngemva kokucabangela zonke izizathu ezithinta isivuno semifino, kuyadingeka ukuba ususe ngokushesha izici ezingathandeki.

Indlela yokuqonda ukuthi impande iya kumcibisholo?

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, isambulela esiluhlaza esivela phezulu. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, isambulela sivula futhi kuvele amaqabunga amancaneokuba yizimbali ezimhlophe ezimhlophe.

Okufanele ukwenze ku isanqante akuhambanga ngombala - isinyathelo ngesinyathelo imiyalelo

Ukuze ugweme ukubukeka kwe-peduncles kulesi sakhiwo, kubalulekile ukulandela ezinye izincomo:

1. Lapho uthenga izinhlobo zezinhlamvu zokukhetha eziphikisana ne-strelkovuyu. Lezi zinhlobo zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezinjengokuthi "Vitamin", "Canning", "Nantes 4", "Incomparable", "Cold-Resistant19".
2. Khetha umbhede wokuhlwanyela, ucabangele izincomo zokujikeleza kwezitshalo: abahamba phambili kunazo zonke izaqathe kukhona iklabishi, utamatisi, ukhukhamba, amazambane.
3. Ukufeza i-podzimniy ukuhlwanyela emhlabathini oqhwaqwe, futhi entwasahlobo ekufudumeni kufika ku-+5 degrees. Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya liyehlile, imibhede kufanele ihlanganiswe ne-foil.
4. Hlwanyela izitshalo zezimpande ngamagumbi okukhanyisa ukwenza kube lula ukunakekela ukuhlukaniswa kwemigqa.
5. Ukuze uphume amahlumela, khona-ke ngeke kube nokuqina kwezitshalo.
6. Amanzi njalo futhi amaningi, hhayi zonke izinsuku ezinxenyeni ezincane.

Uma uhlela ukufika kufanele udinga lokho "Abomakhelwane abalungile" ngesitshalo esiyimpande enempilo kuyoba ngamasiko anjengokuthi:

• isaladi;
• isithombo;
• i-garlic;
• i-legumes.

Umakhelwane one-parsley, ama-horseradish, beet, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi angagwenywa kangcono.

Inhlabathi ngaphansi kwesanqante akufanele ibe yinduku futhi ikhuluphele. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela kufanele uligumbule futhi ukhulule ngokucophelela. Isivuno siveza isivuno esihle emhlabathini onesihlabathi nge-acidity neutral, egcwala ngamakhomikhali e-organic and amaminerali, asetshenziswa eminyakeni engu-2-3 ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela.

Umanyolo owedlulele kanye nokudla okuvame ukuholela ekukhuleni kwezimpande nommaki.

Ukuhlwanyela, imbewu emikhulu engahambelani nempilo yeshalofu engakapheli iminyaka emibili isetshenzisiwe.

1. Okokuqala, zihlolwe ukuhluma.
2. Bese kusetshenzwa ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka sama-manganese noma emanzini.
3. Kanti futhi igcwele umxube wezakhi (isixazululo se-mullein, i-peat, i-humus).
4. Ukuhlwanyela embhedeni, ama-grooves ahlelwe ngaphambilini ebangeni lobubanzi buka-30 cm komunye nomunye. Imbewu ibekwe ekujuleni okungaphezu kwe-2 cm enhlabathini enomswakama kahle.
5. Kunconywa ukuba ugcine izinga eliphezulu lokuswakama kwenhlabathi ukuze udale izimo ezifanele zokuhluma imbewu. Ukwenza lokhu, umbhede emva kokuchelela kokuqala uvame ukumbozwa nge-plastic.
6. Lapho nje amaqabunga okuqala ama-3-4 avela, ukondla kokuqala okwenziwe kwenziwa ngesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate. Ukusebenzisa izixazululo zesithathu nesithathu, izixazululo ze-superphosphate ziyasetshenziswa.
7. Okuyimfuneko yokukhula okuhle kwama-izaqathe, futhi esikhathini esizayo sokuthola isivuno esikhulu, kubalulekile ukunciphisa izitshalo futhi ukhululeke njalo ukuhlukaniswa kwemigqa, okungcono emva kwemvula ngayinye.
8. Ngesikhathi semvula eningi kunconywa ukuthi imboze imibhede ukuze igweme i-bay.
9. Ukucubungula kwenziwa izikhathi ezingu-3-4 kwenkathi ekhulayo egcwele.

Njengoba izaqathe ziyimifino enomjikelezo wokukhula kweminyaka emibili, ukubonakala kwe-peduncles ngonyaka wesibili ngemva kokuhlwanyela kuthathwa njengokujwayelekile. Yiyo imbewu evuthwe ngonyaka wesibili okubhekwa njengemfanelo ephezulu, engenza izithelo ezinkulu nokuvunwa okuhle. Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe uma kukhula izaqathe ezimbewu.

Ukuze kube nemifino enomsoco futhi enomsoco ekudleni kwansuku zonke komndeni wonke, kuyadingeka, lapho ulungiselela ukuhlwanyela, ukucabangela zonke izizathu ezibalwe ukuthi kungani izaqathe zihamba ngombala. Landela zonke izincomo nezeluleko zokuvimbela ukubukeka kwezimbulunga ezimhlophe engadini. Futhi isivuno esicebile nekhwalithi eliphakeme siyojabulisa umnikazi wayo.