Izinhlobo ezivuthiwe zakuqala zalaqathe ziwusizo kakhulu, zicebile ngamavithamini kanye nezici zokulandelela. Ziyadingeka kulabo abafuna ukudla kahle futhi balondoloze impilo yabo. Yilokho kanye uhlobo lwesanqante iTushon.
Ukukhula kwezinhlobo eziningana zakuqathe kunezici zayo. Lesi sihloko sichaza ngokuningiliziwe izigaba zokulima, izici zomsuka nomlando wokuzalanisa.
Banikezwa izincomo eziwusizo zokutshala isiko, ukulima nokunakekelwa kahle kwesitshalo ekhaya.
Izimpawu kanye nencazelo
Kubonakala kanjani?
Izici ebangeni:
- I-Carrot Tushon inomumo ojikelezayo wesibhakabhaka onamehlo angabonakali.
- Ngokujwayelekile ubude bempande, njengokubusa, kufinyelela ku-15 - 20 cm.
- Inyama yalawo izaqathe inomusa futhi inomusa omuhle.
- Ingqikithi inkulu futhi iqinile.
- Isithelo sinokuphakama okuluhlaza okweluhlaza.
Uhlobo luni?
Ibanga elivuthiwe lokuqala lama-izaqathi iTushon liyi-cultivar yase-Amsterdam. Ihlukaniswe ngekhwalithi elihle kanye nomkhiqizo ophakeme wamaqathe, ukunambitheka okumnandi.
Inani le-fructose ne-beta carotene
100 amagremu ezinhlobonhlobo ze-krotru I-Tushon iqukethe ushukela o-6 kuya kwangu-8, kanti inani le-carotene lingu-11.5 - 11.9%.
Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-kroti Tushon kungokwesivuno sokuqala. Isikhathi esihle sokufika kuphela ekupheleni kukaMashi kanye nokuqala kuka-Ephreli.
Ukuhluma kwembewu
Imbewu yalezi zinhlobonhlobo inezinga eliphezulu lokuhluma.. Ngokwesilinganiso, lesi sibalo sisuka kumaphesenti angu-78 kuya kwangu-90, kuye ngesifunda esikhulayo.
Isisindo sesilinganiso sempande
Ngokusho kwabakhiqizi, isisindo sesilinganiso se-isanqante singaba amagremu angu-95-150. Ezinye izithelo zingase zibe nzima kakhulu.
Ukukhiqiza kusuka ku-1 ha
Ukukhiqiza izaqathe Tushon akuyona ephansi kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi ezithandwayo futhi cishe abangaba ngu-295 kuya ku-416 abaphakathi kwehektha ngalinye. Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esihle, isivuno singakwazi ukufinyelela kuma-cent cent 600.
Ibanga lesabelo kanye nokugcina ikhwalithi
I-Carrot Tushon inemisebenzi eminingi. Kungasetshenziswa kokubili ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu ekudleni nasekuphekeni, nasekudleni kokudla. Ikhwalithi yokugcina engalungile yinkinga enkulu yezinhlobonhlobo. Ukuphila komloloti lokhu kuncane kakhulu.
Izifunda ezikhulayo
Izici zokutshala impande:
- I-tushon izaqathe azizithobeki futhi zifanele ukulima ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zaseRussia.
- Okuhle kunakho konke, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zithatha izimpande ezingxenyeni eziyinhloko zezwe nasesifundazweni seVolga.
- Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho naseSiberia, isimo sezulu sinzima kakhulu, ngakho ukutshala izaqathe kudinga ukunakekelwa okungeziwe.
Kukuphi lapho kunconywa ukuthi ikhule?
I-Tushon, njengezinye izinhlobo zezinqathe ze-Amsterdam cultivar, iyakufaneleka kakhulu ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Into esemqoka ukukhetha indawo efanelekile ukuze izitshalo zithole ilanga elanele.
Ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane
Okunikeziwe I-carrot ehlukahlukene inokumelana nezilokazane eziphakeme, hhayi ngaphansi kwezifo ezihlukahlukene. Ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezinjalo, kufanele ulandele yonke imithetho yokutshala nokunakekela imifino yezimpande.
Ukuvusa
I-Tushon yilezo zakuqala ezivuthiwe isanqante izinhlobo ezivuthwe ngokushesha nje ebusika. Izitshalo zomsuka zivuthwe ekupheleni kwezinsuku eziyi-80 kuya kwezingu-90 emva kokufika kwembewu. Uma uyiqoqa kancane kancane, izinsuku ezingu-60 ngemuva kokutshala, isanqante iyoba ne-flavour kakhulu.
Iyiphi inhlabathi ekhethayo?
Kungcono ukutshala izaqathe Tushon enhlabathini evulekile, ene-oxygen. Umhlabathi we-sandy ne-loamy uzosebenza kahle. Esigabeni esinezinhlabathi ezinzima zobuningi ukuvuna okucebile kunzima ukuthola.
Ukuphikiswa kwe-Frost
Ama-karoti alezi zinhlobonhlobo anezinga eliphezulu lokumelana nesithwathwa, angakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezihlukahlukene zezulu. Kodwa uma isitshalo sesitshalo sikhula esifundeni esinesimo sezulu esibandayo, ukutshala kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kwesikhathi, lapho inhlabathi iqhuma kancane.
Umlando wokuzala
I-Tushon - i-carrot ehlukahlukene yombhali, eyakhiwe eFrance. Ngenxa yokuwela kwezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene, iTushon ithole izakhiwo eziningi ezizuzisa, ezifana nokuvunwa okuphezulu kanye nokuqina kwamaqhwa. Ababelethi babhekisela ekubukeni kwezimpande, okwenza kube kuhle futhi kube mnandi.
Uyini umehluko kwezinye izinhlobo?
Njengazo zonke izinhlobo zezinqathe, iTushon inezici zayo ezihlukile. Imifino yomsuka ingabonwa kalula ngokuma kwawo okuncane okuyi-cylindrical kanye ne-surface smooth. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, ingqikithi iseduze nombala ofanayo no-pulp.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-tushon zinezinzuzo eziningi eziheha abahlali behlobo nabalimi. Ukunakekelwa okulula, ukumelana nezifo kanye nama-parasites, isivuno esikhulu, kanye nesethulo esihle.
Ukufika
Qala imbewu yokutshala ingcono kakhulu entwasahlobo. Isikhathi esifanele kunazo zonke ngoMashi futhi ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.
- Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukutshala, kumele uqale ulungiselele imbewu. Ukwenza lokhu, bahlanza usuku emanzini noma isisombululo sokusheshisa ukukhula. Ukuze usakaze ngokulinganayo emibhedeni, ungaxuba imbewu ngenani elincane lehlabathi.
- Imbewu eqediwe itshalwe emigqeni ngokujula kwe-2-3 cm. Kufanele kube khona ibanga lika-2 cm emkhatsini wemigqa kanye nembewu ngokwayo. Khona-ke imibhede kufanele iphuze.
- Emva kokutshala, kufanele uzinakekele njalo izitshalo. Izaqathe kumele zimbozwe nge-peat kanye ne-compost ukuvimbela ukushisa kwezulu. Kungase futhi isebenze njengomanyolo omuhle.
- Ukunciphisa imibhede kwenziwa ngezinyathelo ezimbili. Ngokokuqala ngqa, ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa lilungiswa ku-12-15 cm. Khona-ke ungayandisa ibe ngu-25 cm.
- Ngemuva kokuphuza nokugcoba, kubalulekile ukukhulula inhlabathi ukuze unikeze izimpande ukufinyelela omojini.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Emva kwezinsuku ezingu-70 kuya kwezingu-90, isanqante iyovuthwa futhi ikulungele ukuvuna. Ukumba izitshalo zezimpande kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi. Emva kokuvuna isitshalo kufanele kuhlanjwe futhi kumiswe elangeni.
Impilo yesheluli
I-Tushon incane kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa isivuno ngokushesha.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izinhlobonhlobo Tushon hhayi ngaphansi kwezifo ezihlukahlukene kanye izinambuzane. Ukuze ugweme izifo, kunconywa ukuba uchithekele izifo ngaphambi kokutshala.. Akudingekile ukutshala izimpande endaweni lapho i-dill, i-parsley, i-cumin ne-parsnip ejwayele ukukhula. Lokhu kungaholela ekutheni izilwanyana nezifo.
Izinkinga ezihlukahlukene nezixazululo
Ukwehluleka ukunamathela emithethweni yokutshala nokunakekelwa kungabangela ezinye izinkinga.
- Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi izaqathe ziye zaqhekeka, okuholela ekudakaleni kokunambitheka kwayo. Lokhu kungagwenywa ngokutshala izimpande njalo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukugwema ukugwedla umhlabathi.
- Abalimi abaningi babhekene nenkinga enjengokuvinjelwa kwesimo sesithelo. Lokhu kwenzeka uma inhlabathi yayinzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhulula njalo inhlabathi.
- Abalimi abangenalwazi bavame ukubhekana nezinambuzane ezinjengalezi, njenge-carrot. Lokhu kungenzeka uma ungafaki i-disinfection noma ucwilise imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izaqathe zithandwa yi-clover ne-dandelion, ngakho ukhula kufanele lubhujiswe ngaphambi kokutshala.
Izinhlobo ezifanayo
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zeqathe kunezinhlobo eziningi ezifana nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeTushon futhi zinezinto ezifanayo.
- I-izaqathe Ubumnandi bezingane, kanye neTushon, i-cultivar yase-Amsterdam, inezimpande ezigxilile ze-cylindrical futhi inikeza isivuno esihle.
- Alyonka izaqathe kufana neTushon nephunga layo elimnandi, elimnandi nokumelana nezifo ezihlukahlukene.
- I-Grade Nandrin efana nokuvuthwa kokuqala kokuqala kweTushon, i-cylindrical, ngisho ifomu.
Ukuze sikhule izaqathe Tushon akudingekile ukuba abe garden gardens abanolwazi. Kwanele ukulandela imithetho yokutshala nokunakekela, bese izithelo ezinhle futhi ezihlwabusayo ziyoba umhlobiso wetafula.
