Indlela yokukhulisa amazambane "i-Irbitsky" - ezihlukahlukene ezinkulu ezikhiqizwa kakhulu nezithelo eziphezulu: isithombe nencazelo

Ngenxa yokuphila kwayo okuncane, izinhlobonhlobo ze-amazambane zase-Irbitsky zakwazi ukunqoba inani elikhulu labalandeli phakathi kwabalimi.

Yithokozise, ​​ngaphezu kwakho konke, izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu nezihle, izithelo eziphakeme kanye nokungathobeki.

Lezi amazambane ziyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nanoma yiziphi izimo ezikhulayo futhi ziphikisana ngokwanele eziningi zezifo ze-nightshade.

Incazelo izinhlobo Irbitsky

Amazambane ase-Irbitsky avame ukubhekwa ngezinhlobo zokuvuthwa phakathi, kusukela esikhathini sokuhluma bese ukuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe kuvela ezinsukwini ezingu-70 kuya kwezingu-90. Yayibhalisiwe kwiRejista Yombuso yenhlangano yaseRussia yokulima emiphakathini yaseVolga-Vyatka naseNtshonalanga yaseSiberia, kodwa nayo yasakazeka ensimini yamanye amazwe - i-Ukraine neMoldova.

Kusuka ehektheleni elilodwa lokufika livame ukuqoqa kusuka kuma-250 kuya ku-400 abaphathi bamazambane.

Enye yezinkomba ezibaluleke kakhulu ezibalulekile uma ukhetha ezihlukahlukene zokulima kungumkhiqizo wayo. Etafuleni elingezansi uzothola lesi sici ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene ezivezwe kuwebhusayithi yethu:

Amazambane Irbit super elite obomvu uhlukile ukunambitheka okumangalisayo futhi kunama-aphoyintimenti wetafula.

Awufaki izidingo ezikhethekile ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi, kodwa uzizwa kahle kulowo mhlabathi lapho utshani obunyaka noma obunaphakade, i-flax, ekhulile ngaphambili. izitshalo ezimhlophe kanye nobusika. Emhlabathini onesihlabathi, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingatshala emva kwe-lupine.

Kubonakala ukuphikisana ngokweqile kwezifo ezinobungozi njengomdlavuza wezambane, i-golden potato cyst nematode, ukulimala okuphelile, imibono ebomvu kanye ne-banded, kanye ne-leaf curling virus.

Izihlahla eziqondile eziqondile zalesi sitshalo zinokuphakama okujwayelekile kanye nohlobo oluphakathi lokukhula. Zifakwe amaqabunga ombala omnyama obomvu namaphethelo we-wavy, ubukhulu bawo obudlula isilinganiso. I-Corolla ibonakala ngosayizi ophakathi nombala oqinile we-anthocyanin ohlangothini olungaphakathi.

Ngalolu hlobo lwezimpawu zamazambane izilimo eziyizigaxa ezizungezile ezinamehlo amancane. Zifakwe isikhumba esibomvu, ngaphansi kwayo inyama ephuzi efihlekile. Isisindo sempande singahluka kusuka ku-108 ukuya kwangu-190 amagremu, futhi okuqukethwe komswakama kula mazambane kunesilinganiso se-13.0-16.5%.

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Irbitsky zaqanjwa ngabalimi baseRussia ngo-2009.

Ukuzinza esinye isici esibalulekile samazambane. Etafuleni elingezansi uzothola le nkomba yezinhlobo ezahlukene zamazambane:

I-irbit ehlukahlukene igcinwe kahle. Funda kabanzi mayelana nesikhathi sokushisa nesitoreji, mayelana nezinkinga ezikhona. Futhi mayelana nokuthi ungagcina kanjani izimpande ebusika, kubakhiqizi nakubhaluni, esiqandisini futhi uhlutshiwe.

Isithombe

Buka isithombe: I-irbit amazambane

Ukukhula

Ukutshala kwala mazambane ku evulekile kwenziwa ngoMeyi. Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo kufanele libe ngamasentimitha angama-60, futhi phakathi kwemigqa - amasentimitha angu-35.

Uma utshala, imbewu kufanele ifike emhlabathini ngo-8-10 amasentimitha. Imisebenzi eyinhloko yokunakekelwa kwezitshalo phakathi nenkathi yokukhula kufanele ikhulule inhlabathi kanye ne-hilling yezitshalo, kanye nokukhipha ukhula noma ukuxuba, ukuchelela.

Ukujula kokuqala kokukhipha kufanele kube ngamasentimitha angu-10 kuya kwangu-12, futhi okulandelayo - 6-7 amasentimitha.

I-hilling yokuqala kufanele ifakwe lapho izitshalo zifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamentimitha angu-15-17, kanti ubukhulu bomhlaba we-ridge kufanele bube ngu-18-20 amasentimitha. Ukuphakama okulandelayo kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuvala iziqongo.

Ukuphuza okungajwayelekile kufanele kuhlanganiswe nokusetshenziswa kwamaminerali omquba namanzi. Phakathi nonyaka owodwa kuyadingeka ukuba ungaphathi izinqubo ezintathu ezingaphezu kwezintathu.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungadla kanjani amazambane, nini futhi kanjani ukusebenzisa umanyolo, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani uma utshala.

Indawo ebaluleke kakhulu ekutshaleni amazambane aphikisa izidakamizwa ezahlukene.

Funda konke mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, i-fungicides kanye nezinambuzane.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Lolu hlobo lwezambatho luyasebenza hhayi izifo eziziwa. Noma kunjalo, ulwazi ngezifo ze-nightshade lungasiza kuwe. Funda konke nge-Alternaria, i-Fusarium, i-Scab, i-Verticillis.

Kusukela ekuhlaselweni kwezinambuzane, ungayilondoloza ngemithi ye-insecticide. Amazambane ase-Irbitsky abaluleka balimi ngenxa yokungathobeki kwabo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-Colorado bezambane beetle kanye nezibungu zalo, nezinyathelo zokulwa nazo - amakhambi amakhemikhali namasiko. Kanye nakho konke okuphathelene nama-mbatata kanye nezidakamizwa ezibhekene nazo, ama-wireworms nezindlela zokuqeda le nkathazo.

Futhi futhi - kulula ukukhula, isivuno esihle kakhulu, izici eziphezulu zomkhiqizo kanye nokunambitheka okukhulu, kanye nekhwalithi yokugcina okuhle.

Funda futhi ngezindlela ezahlukene kakhulu zamazambane okhulayo: ubuchwepheshe beDutch, isitshalo ngaphandle kokusilahla nokukhuphuka, ngaphansi komshini, emasakeni nasemiphongolweni, emabhokisini, kusuka emanzini. Futhi futhi, indlela yokukhulisa izinhlobo zakuqala nendlela yokuguqula le nqubo ibe ibhizinisi.

Siphinde sinikeze ukuzijwayeza nezinye izinhlobo zamazambane ezinemibandela ehlukene yokuvuthwa: