Amazambane aseBelarusian "Incazelo" ehlukahlukene, izici, izithombe

Imifino enjengamazambane ayilahlekelwa ukuthandwa ngabalimi. Kunenqwaba yezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukile ukunambitha, ukuma, umbala, ukuvuthwa kwemigomo. Okuphawulekayo ikakhulukazi yizo ezihlukahlukene ezintsha zamazambane aseSkarb.

Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngokuningiliziwe ngokuthi yiziphi amazambane ama-Skarb, yiziphi izinzuzo zawo, yiziphi izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe bezolimo eziwudingayo nokuthi ngabe zihambisana nezifo ezinkulu zokuzibulala kanye nokulimala yizinambuzane.

Amazambane ama-sarb: incazelo ehlukahlukene

I-Skarb ibhekisela ezinhlotsheni eziphakathi kwesikhathi. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zivuthwe ngokugcwele ezinsukwini ezingu-80-90 emva kokuhluma. Zine ukunambitheka okukhulu, azigubisi ngesikhathi sokupheka, azibilisi ezithambile. I-rind igolide elula, ebushelelezi kakhulu, yebo. Amehlo amancane, ngendlela efanele futhi engahlelekile. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zikhona ezinkulu, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezijikelezayo, ezilinganiselwe, ezilinganisa amagremu angu-150-250. Kusuka kwesitshalo esisodwa ungathola kusuka ku-12 kuya kwezingu-18 imifino ehlukene yemifino. Inyama isisa, ifanisha, iphuzi elikhanyayo. Okuqukethwe kwesitashi okungaphezulu kuka-17%.

Ungaqhathanisa lezi zibalo nezinye izinhlobo etafuleni elingezansi:

Funda futhi ngezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene zamazambane.

Thola ukuthi yini i-solanine eyingozi, yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nokulimala kwamazambane ahlaza, kungani udla amahlumela futhi uphuze ijusi.

Isithombe

Esithombeni ungabona ukubukeka kwamazambane ama-Skarb:

Ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo nokumelene nezifo ezinkulu, ikhula kahle cishe noma yisiphi isimo sezulu. Kunconyelwe ukulima emiphakathini yeVolga-Vyatka, Ephakathi naseNyakatho-West yeRussian Federation, nakwamanye amazwe - iBelarus, Ukraine, Moldova.

Izinhlobonhlobo zinomkhiqizo wokurekhoda, amathani angaba ngu-50-60 avuna ngehektare ngalinye.

Ukukhiqiza - enye yezinkomba ezinkulu zamathemba okukhula. Etafuleni elingezansi uzobona ukuthi lesi sici senzani ezahlukene:

Ukudla okuhle kakhulu. Isikhathi se-dormancy yezinhlobonhlobo yizinsuku ezingu-110-120, okuvumela ukuthi izilimo eziyizigaxa zigcinwe isikhathi eside kakhulu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwezakhiwo zezohwebo. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokugcinwa kwamazambane: izinsuku, izindawo, izinga lokushisa, izinkinga ezikhona. Futhi nokuthi ungagcina kanjani amazambane ebusika, esitolo semifino, emiphongolweni, efulethini, emabhokisini nasemabhokisini, esiqandisini nasefomini elihlutshiwe.

I-Skarb ibhekwa njengemikhakha ephakathi nonyaka, okusho ukuthi iqala ukuvuthwa kwezinsuku ezingu-20-30 emuva kwezinhlobo zakuqala.

Umthamo ophansi we-starch ikuvumela ukuthi uyisebenzise ukulungiselela ama-chips, ama-saladi, ama-fritters nezinhlanganisela zemifino efriziwe. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana ngokweqile nesomiso, kodwa azibekezeli amanzi, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kokukhula.

Ngezimo ezikhulayo ziyadambisa, kodwa kuyoba ngcono ukukhula enhlabathini enzima, evundile.

KUBALULEKILE! With umquba ezifika ngesikhathi ngamaminerali amaminerali - isivuno kanye ukumelana nezifo kwanda kakhulu.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungadla kanjani amazambane, nini futhi kanjani ukusebenzisa umanyolo, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani uma utshala, yiziphi umquba ezihamba kahle.

Izitshalo zomsuka ziphikisana kakhulu nomonakalo owenziwe ngomshini. Ukoma kunomdlavuza womdlavuza wezambatho kanye ne-neatode yegolide, cishe engathinteki ngokubola okumanzi, i-Alternaria, i-Fusarium, i-Verticillus, i-scab ejwayelekile neyomnyama, i-Black Leg. Ukuphikisana nokulimala okwesikhashana kwezilimo eziyizigaxa, kodwa amaqabunga avame ukubhekana nokulimala kwelanga. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukubhoboza ukubola kungathinteka.

Isihlahla sisayizi ophakathi, uhlobo oluphakathi, oluqinile kakhulu. Isiqu sinyene, singagciniwe. Amaqabunga amancane, avulekile-ahlangene, aluhlaza okombala obala, ovulekile, ngamaphethelo abushelelezi, abushelelezi. I-corolla ibomhlophe, ngobukhulu obukhulu.I-Skarb yaqala eBelarus, e-Research Institute yasePatato. Ukubhaliswa ebangeni laseBelarus elitholwa ngo-1997. KwiRejista Yombuso yeRussia Federation ngokusemthethweni yayihlanganisa ngo-2002.

Izici zokukhula

Amazambane ama-seed ngaphambi kokutshala atshiswa ngokucophelela elangeni (amasonto amabili). Ngaphandle kwalokho izilimo eziyizilimo eziyizigaxa zingasuswa, izitshalo ezincane noma eziphakathi kwezimpande zingcono ukuhlwanyela.

Ukujula kokufika - akukho ngaphezu kuka-10 cm. Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala kubalulekile ukubamba iqhwa eliphakeme. Phinda ubhekise amazambane ngokushesha ngaphambi kokubhakabhaka.

Amahlumela ahlume kancane kancane futhi angafani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziqongo zikhula ngokwengeziwe futhi izitshalo ziyasuswa. Ukunakekelwa kukhula njalo bese kukhululeka inhlabathi. I-Skarb iphendula kahle kumanyolo ophilayo ngaphambi kokutshala. Ukutshala kwabantu yizinyunithi ezingu-45-48 eziyinkulungwane / ha.

Sibuye sikubone imininingwane ewusizo mayelana nokuphakama kwamazambane. Thola ukuthi kungani kuyadingeka, ukuthi yini ongayenza - ngesandla noma ngosizo lwe-tractor ngemuva. Kanti futhi, kungenzeka yini ukuba uthole isivuno esihle ngaphandle kokusilahla kanye nokukhuphuka.

Ukuze ulawule ukhula kanye nezinga elifunayo lomswakama, ungasebenzisa i-mulching, ngesikhathi somile ngeke kuphazamise ukuchelela.

KUBALULEKILE! Ngaphambi kokugcina, amazambane ahlile kancane kancane ku-t + 1 + 3 C.

Emiphongolweni, kuyadingeka ukugcina ukushisa okuqhubekayo (+ 2 + 5 C) nomoya njalo. Ngokuya kulezi zimo, isitshalo sizoba ngaphezulu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa.

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-Skarb zihlanganisa:

• isivuno esikhulu kakhulu;
• izinga elihle lokugcina;
• ukumelana nezifo eziningi;
• umkhiqizo omuhle kakhulu futhi ukunambitha izindawo.

Ukungalungi ukuthambekela kokuphefumula kweqabunga lamaqabunga. Kungenziwa ukuhlaselwa Colorado amazambane beetle kanye wireworm.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Ukulimala kwesikhathi kungabonakala ngokubonakala kwamabala asundu emaqabungeni aphansi nomngcele okhanyayo. Ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo kusiza ukuphalaza ishusi sulphate, ingxube yeBordeaux. Ukuze kuvikelwe phytophthora kungaba impova ukutshala amazambane nge izinkuni ash.

I-wireworm ilimaza izimpande neziqu zomuthi. Ukuvimbela okwenzekayo, kubalulekile ukumba ngokucophelela inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala, ukukhulula, ukhula kanye nelime.

Indlela yokubhekana nenambuzane ne-wireworm ongayibona kule vidiyo:

Ngokumelene nezilwane zaseColorado kanye nezibungu zazo zingasetshenziswa njengamakhemikhali (Aktara, Taboo, Corado, Prestige), ne-biological (i-Fitoverm, i-Bitoksibaktsillin, i-Boverin), kanye namakhambi omuntu. Usiza kahle ukufika ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusihlalisa, ukukhulula inhlabathi.

I-sarb amazambane ayithandwa kakhulu ngebalimi be-amateur. Ungenakuzithoba ekunakekeleni, ugcinwe kahle futhi unezinzuzo eziningi. Ilungele ukukhula e-cottage yabo ehlobo.

Ake ngikutshele uchungechunge lwezihloko zendlela yokukhulisa amazambane. Funda konke ngobuchwepheshe besimanje besiDutch, ukutshalwa kwezinhlobo zakudala kanye nokuguqulwa kwalolu hlelo kube ibhizinisi elinenzuzo. Futhi mayelana nezindlela ezihlukile zokuvuna: ezikhwameni, ngaphansi komshini, emibhawulweni, emabhokisini.

Siphinde sinikeze ukuzijwayeza nezinye izinhlobo zamazambane ezinemibandela ehlukene yokuvuthwa: