Isithelo sezithelo se-Apple asithandeki ukunganakwa. Ngomunye unyaka ihlobo lavele laba manzi, kwaba nezinkungu. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje, izihlahla ezingama-apula ezintathu kweziyisikhombisa zavele zagula. Ekuqaleni zazimboza ngothuli olumhlophe, khona-ke amaqabunga aqala ukuncipha futhi aba nsundu. Umuthi we-apula waqala ukulahla izithelo ezivuthiwe. Ukwehluleka kwezitshalo kwaba yindawo evamile: i-powdery hlobo.
Yini ukhunta uthelela umuthi we-apula
Amakhowe e-Powdery avame ukuthinta amakhabe, ama-berry bush: ama-gooseberries, ama-currants, i-acacia, i-hawthorn. Isikhunta i-Erysiphales, i-Phyllactinia guttata yomndeni wakwa-Erysiphaceae wesigaba se-Ascomycetes (Ascomycetes) sihlala kuphela ezihlahleni zama-apula. Lolu hlobo lwamakhowe aluthinti ezinye izilimo. 
Imfundo Yabagadli
Umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa kokutheleleka kokukhunta kwezihlahla ze-apula uhlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili:
- Ukwakheka kwe-candida (izinhlamvu zomila), zifa kuphela ngo-20 ° C. Kuboniswe entwasahlobo enamabala amhlophe. Uma zibukwa ngaphansi kwengilazi ekhulisayo, i-mycelia - ama-cobwebs e-fungus - azobonakala. Ipulangwe elifana ne-Flour-spores evuthiwe ye-mycelium.
- I-Marsupial, iqala ezinsukwini ezingama-30 ngemuva kwesilonda. Kuvela imizimba emnyama enezihlahla ezinamagatsha anamabala (amachashazi amnyama emaqabungeni).
I-Powdery mildew yisinambuzane esiyingozi. Ama-spores athwa ngumoya, izinyoni, ngamathuluzi, ezingutsheni. Ukukhula kwe-pathogen kuvimbela ukukhula kwesitshalo, kuvimbela i-photosynthesis.
Ama-curls ama-foliage, owomile. Ama-buds athintekile, ama-inflorescence. Izitshalo zincishiswa zibe ngu-80%, ubusika besihlahla buwohloka, ingxenye yomqhele kufanele inqunywe.
Ukuboniswa nezindlela zomzabalazo
Okokuqala, i-lesion iziveza nge-plaque emhlophe, efana nokwakha uthuli. Kwakheke kuzona izeluleko zamagatsha:
- amapheshana amancane;
- izinso;
- amacembe ezimbali;
- amagxolo amahlumela.
Ngeqiniso, angizange nginake ngokushesha amahlumela ayimpuphu. Bengicabanga ukuthi imvula yokuqala izoyihlanza le ndoda. Nakho-ke lapho! I-whitish hue yavuma ukubabaza, kwavela ibala elimnyama.
Amacembe aqala ukoma, ikwindla yafika yezihlahla - kwase kuyisikhathi sokuwa kwamaqabunga.
Ungabhekana kanjani ne-powdery isikhutha esihlahleni se-apula
Kunzima ukususa i-candida; bahlala kahle ebusika. Ngiphawule ukuthi insimu yokucubungula izihlahla ku-cone eluhlaza (lapho ukuqhakaza sekuqala ukuqhakaza) ayikhombisi zimpawu zobumba. Yini okufanele uyihlole - ngizokusho ngokwehlukile. Ngihlala ngihlola ngokucophelela ingadi lapho kuvela inkungu ephikelelayo ekuseni. Ekuthuthukisweni kwamakhowe we-apula, izimo ezintofontofo zingumswakama ophezulu nokushisa (njengoba, noma kunjalo, kuzo zonke ezinye izinhlobo ze-powdery hlobo). Ukuze umqhele ungene kahle, kuyadingeka ukuba kutholakale izihlanzeko njalo zokuhlanzeka. I-mycelia yokunamathela izokhula kancane, uma umswakama unganele, uzoncibilika kuze kube izikhathi ezingcono.
Iyacubungula isikhathi:
- okokuqala kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ungasebenzisa ama-fungicides anamandla;
- okwesibili ngemuva kwamasonto amabili nemithi efanayo;
- ukuvikela kuyadingeka uma kuvela izimo ezinhle, kungcono ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo engenangozi ezinambuzaneni;
- ekwindla kokugcina kuyadingeka ngemuva kokuvunwa, hhayi kuphela imiqhele efafazwe, kodwa futhi namaqabunga awileyo, inhlabathi.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lesi sitshalo mancane amathuba okuba sigule uma sine-phosphorus eyanele, i-calcium, i-potassium. Ngokweqile kwe-nitrogen, kunalokho, amaqabunga ayaqhuma, i-mycelia ibamba kalula.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Powdery Mildew
Ake sibheke izidakamizwa eziningana ezinemiphumela ehlukile:
Ama-fungicides (amakhemikhali, awaphephile, kepha ayasebenza):
- UTopazi
- Umphumela;
- I-Flint Star;
- Chorus;
- I-Tersel;
- Privent;
- URubigand;
- Cumulus DF;
- I-Tiowit Jet.
Ihlanganiswe ngemiyalo. Isilinganiso sokusebenza esiphezulu sisezikhathini ezi-3 zokuphumula kwamaviki ama-2.
Ungakhohlwa ngemishini yokuvikela umuntu: amagilavu, i-bathchair, isigqoko, izibuko, imaski yokuvikela emboza umlomo nekhala.
Ilungele kahle ukucubungula i-sulfure ye-colloidal. Utshalwa ngesilinganiso sama-20 g ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Le nto iphephile ezilwaneni, ezinambuzaneni. Ngomonakalo omkhulu, isikhawu esiphakathi kokwelashwa sincishiswa saba isonto. Isibabule siyasebenza emazingeni okushisa ukusuka ku-+18 ° C kuya ku- +20 ° C. Ekushiseni ngokweqile kungadala ukushiswa kwamaqabunga.
Amathuluzi amabili adumile:
- I-Phytosporin ingumkhiqizo ophilayo ophephile osebenza ngokulwa nezifo eziningi zokukhunta
- Uketshezi lweBordeaux luvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kokuvimbela intwasahlobo nokwindla.
Amakhambi e-Folk:
- ukumiliselwa kwe-anyanisi husk (okuphezulu kokuhlushwa, okungcono);
- isixazululo esibuthakathaka se-violet manganese asiphumeleli ezilondeni ezinzima;
- Isixazululo se-Whey (hlanganisa iphakethe leelitha ngamalitha ayi-5 amanzi).
Izinhlobo ze-apula ezingama-Powdery isikhutha
Ama-nzalo avikelwe ngofuzo kusuka ku-powdery hlobo, ososayensi abakakwazi ukuletha. Kepha kuye kwaqapheleka ukuthi kunezinhlobo lapho i-Powdery isikhutha ivela khona kakhulu. Kuneziningi zazo, zivumelana kahle nezimo zaphakathi nobude:
- Amulet (obomvu ophakathi nendawo);
- IGloucester (obomvu-luhlaza okotshani, obudebuduze, obuthinta isipikili);
- UMutsu (obunjwe ngensimbi, ophuzi);
- I-Ligol (ebomvu, ende);
- UFlorina (obomvu-luhlaza, umnandi).
Uma kwenzeka, ngizoklelisa abanye: I-Red Amber, i-Summer Gold (ukuvuthwa kokuqala), u-Orion, uTalida, uCarmen, uTalisman. I-Red Poppy, i-Argo, i-Prestige.
Lapho uthenga isithombo, kungcono ukhethe izinhlobo ezisetshenzisiwe, zisuselwa emithini yama-apile engagcineki kahle ebusika. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izinhlobo ezingavamisile ukukhohlwa mancane amathuba okuthi zimbozwe nge-powdery hlobo.
Iba nesivuno esihle! Khumbula, into esemqoka akuyona ukukhulisa umqhele, ukondla izihlahla ze-apula ngesikhathi ngama-potassium, calcium, phosphorus, ikakhulukazi ngokuhluka kobusuku nobusuku bokushisa. Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela nakho ngeke kulimaze.
