Amazambane amahle "Ivan da Marya": incazelo yezinto ezihlukahlukene, izici, izithombe

Kunzima kakhulu ukucabanga ngetafula lethu ngaphandle kwamazambane. Kuwo wonke amafomu, kuhle - okuthosiwe, ama-stewberry, amazambane ahlambulukile, amafrimu aseFrance, amazambane abilisiwe nje kuphela, nazo zonke izitsha azikwazi ukubalwa.

Amazambane avela eRussia ngekhulu le-17, uPeter 1 waseHolland wasiletha kithi, kodwa abantu baseRussia abazange bamamukele isiko elisha futhi bawubiza ngokuthi "i-Devil's Apple", kanti kuphela ngekhulu le-19 amazambane abe enye yokudla okuyisisekelo, isinkwa sesibili.

Isihluthulelo sokuvuna amazambane aphezulu yizo ezihlukahlukene. Umsebenzi oyinhloko womlimi wensimu kanye nomlimi wensimu akufanele wenze iphutha ekukhetheni izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, nemikhiqizo endala, efakazelwe, nemikhiqizo emisha, ukukhetha eyodwa ezohlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo, kokubili kwezulu kanye nezolimo.

Amazambane "Ivan da Marya": incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo

E-Russia, u-Ivana da Maria ukhule isikhathi eside. Lezi amazambane avuthiwe asetshenziswe, kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-115-120 kusukela ekuhlwanyeni ukukhula okugcwele, kodwa inqubo yezimila ingase ihluke kuye ngokuthi i-vagaries yesimo sezulu. U-Ivana da Marju wabalwa eHolland, umlandeli wakhe waba yi-Picasso ehlukahlukene. Ngo-1995, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zangena kwi-Register State State futhi zavunyelwa ukuba zikhule kulo lonke elaseRussia.

Isihlahla salezi zinhlobonhlobo siqondile futhi side, sinenqwaba yamaqabunga amakhulu, amahlumela angakwazi ukuguqa ngqo emhlabathini. I-Blooms idlulile, izimbali zimhlophe futhi zincane kakhulu, kodwa ama-inflorescences cishe awafaki, izimbali ziwa ngokushesha kakhulu.

Izitshalo zomsuka wefomu le-oval elungile, elihlangene, i-peel ephuzi, ama-specks kanye nokufakwe kuwo-pink, amehlo amancane. Inyama inqunywa ngombala ocolile. Isisindo sesilinganiso se-tuber singama-gramu ayi-100-120, singakwazi ukufinyelela ama-gramu angu-180, cishe azikho izilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane. Okuqukethwe kwesitashi kuphakeme - kusuka kumaphesenti ayisishiyagalombili ukuya kwangu-14. Lezi zihlukahlukene zinevithamini C eningi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuvuna.

Qhathanisa lesi simphawu samazambane, njengoba okuqukethwe kwe-starch kuwo kungafaniswa besebenzisa ithebula elingezansi:

Funda futhi ngabanye - okwelapha hhayi kuphela izakhiwo zamazambane.

Iyini ingozi ye-solanine, izinzuzo nokulimaza empilweni yamazambane ahlaza, ijusi namahlumela, okuwusizo amazambane.

Siza! Amazambane anesitasa samaminerali, akwazi ukukhipha ubuthi obuvela emzimbeni futhi alawule izinqubo zokusebenzisa umzimba.

Isithombe

Ngaphansi kwesithombe ungabona amazambane "Ivan da Marya":

Kunezindlela eziningi zokutshala amazambane. Esizindeni sethu uzothola izihloko eziningi ezithakazelisayo ngalesi sihloko.

Funda konke ngobuchwepheshe beDutch, ukutshalwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala, ibhizinisi lamazambane, lapho amazwe lo mifino ethandwa khona. Kanti futhi, ngezinye izindlela zokuvuna - ngaphansi komshini, ezikhwameni, emabhokisini, emabhokisini, kusuka kumbewu.

Izici zokukhula

U-Ivana da Maryu angakhula cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo yezulu. Izinhlobonhlobo ziye zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi ngenxa yokungazithobeki kwayo nokuqina kwesomiso, ibekezelela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lomhlabathi nomoya, akudingi izindlela zokulima ezikhethekile. Ukutshala kufanele kuqale ekuqaleni, kunikezwe isimo sezulu esendaweni, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu - ngesikhathi sokukhula kwamaqabunga e-birch.

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhetha inhlabathi evundile ekhanyayo, i-acidified kancane.. Amazambane akhula kabi emhlabathini owodwa futhi avuleka esikhaleni. U-Ivan da Marya yizinto ezihlukahlukene kakhulu ezivumelayo, ngesinye isihlahla ungakwazi ukuqoqa izilimo eziyizigaxa ezingu-15-20. Ukukhiqizwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa zezimpahla nakho kuphakeme, kufinyelela kuma-94%. Amazambane agcinwe kahle, agcina izinga - amaphesenti angama-90, okungukuthi, emva kokubusika, amazambane alahlekelwa amaphesenti ayishumi kuphela esitshalo.

Ithebula elingezansi likhombisa ikhwalithi yokugcina yezinye izinhlobo zamazambane:

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokugcinwa kwamazambane: isikhathi, izinga lokushisa, izindawo nezinkinga. Futhi nokuthi ungagcina kanjani izimpande ebusika, esitolo semifino, emakamelweni noma efulethini, kanye nasemkhenini, emigodini, esiqandisini futhi ehlutshiwe.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nezifo eziningi zamazambane:

• kuya phytophthora;
• kumdlavuza wezambane;
• ukususa igciwane le-curl virus;
• kumagciwane A no-Yn.

Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko kulezi ezihlukahlukene kuyinqobe ephakeme yama-mbatata. Ngenkinga yezifo eziyizigaxa, ukukhula, ama-warts avela, ukunambitheka kuyawohloka, okuqukethwe komswakama kumazambane kunciphisa. Amazambane adle ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukutshala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Ivan da Marya angase ahlaselengakho-ke kubalulekile ukushintsha izinto zokutshala ngesikhathi. Ukuze uthole isivuno esiphezulu, izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinempilo kuphela, ezingenayo igciwane kufanele zikhethwe ukutshala.

Ukuze uvikele amazambane kusuka esihlakalweni sesifo, ungasebenzisi ngokushesha umquba noma umquba ongenalutho emhlabathini ngaphambi kokutshala.

Ukulinganisa kwenhlabathi kuyanciphisa ubuhle bayo, futhi njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, amazambane u-Ivan-da-Marya uthanda inhlabathi enamandla.

Funda futhi ngalezi zifo ezivamile zezambane njenge-Alternaria, i-Fusarium, i-Verticillis, i-Late Blight.

Ngaphambi kokutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa ngamahlumela, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuwaphatha ngesidakamizwa "Agat -25-K", lokhu kwandisa isivuno futhi kuqhume ukuphikiswa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene.

Bonke abalimi, abalimi baziwa kanjalo ukuhlaselwa amazambane, njengoba i-Colorado amazambane beetle! Ezingxenyeni ezincane zasendlini ye Colorado amazambane beetle futhi izibungu zalo ngokuvamile kuvuna ngesandla futhi kumele bashiswe. Ukulwa nale nkathazo usebenzisa kokubili izindlela zabantu kanye nezinambuzane zezimboni. Kukhona amalungiselelo amaningi amakhemikhali nezinsiza zokupuniza amazambane, kuhlanganise ne-Inta-Vir, iBowerin, uMospilan, i-Aktara, i-Bankol, i-Bitoxibacillin, i-Regent, i-Corado, i-Prestige.

Isilinganiso sokuxwayisa sihlwanyela eduze kwemibhede yamazambane yezitshalo ngesabeka, esiphundu esinamandla, njengegalikhi, marigold, calendula. Phakathi kwamakhambi abantu - ukuphalaza ama-infusions wegalikhi, ukuqongelela utamatisi, ingxube yomhlonyane nomlotha.

Ungabona indlela yokulwa ne-Colorado amazambane beetle ngaphandle kwe-chemistry kule vidiyo:

Ukunakekela amazambane asetshalwe kakade kuhlanganisa ukukhulula, ukulimaza inhlabathi, ukukhuphuka kwezintaba, ukuxubha, ukuchelela nokufaka umquba. Ukusheshisa ukukhula nokuvikela amazambane ngezifo ngesikhathi sokuhluma, izihlahla kufanele zifakwe nge-Epin-Extra. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lokhu okuhlukahlukene kunqamulelana nesomisoUma kunokwenzeka, sebenzisa uhlelo lokunisela noma ukuchelela kuzo zonke izigaba zokuthuthukiswa kwamazambane.

Funda kabanzi kwiwebusayithi yethu ngokuthi ngabe kudingekile yini ukuba ama-apulazi adle, ukuthi angayifeza kanjani, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani kahle ngesandla noma uhambahamba nokuthi ngabe kungenzeka yini ukuba ukhule isivuno esihle ngaphandle kokusilahla nokukhuphuka. Futhi futhi, yini okumele ukondle amazambane, nini nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani umanyolo, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani kahle uma utshala, yikuphi kokugqoka okungcono kakhulu nokuthi yimaphi amaminerali omanyolo.

Sithemba ukuthi u-Ivan da Maria ngeke avumele abalimi, abalimi, nazo zonke izincomo zethu kuzokusiza ukuba ukhule isivuno esikhulu.

Siphinde sinikeze ukuzijwayeza nezinye izinhlobo zamazambane ezinemibandela ehlukene yokuvuthwa: