Izitsha zemifino ziyizintandokazi kunoma yiliphi itafula leholide. Ngokuvamile, phakathi kwabo ungathola izitsha usebenzisa isikebhe - okungaqondakali, ekuboneni kuqala, amakhowe.
Kodwa abalandeli abanokuhlangenwe nakho "bokuzingela okuthulile" ngeke baphinde badlule ngezigqoko ezincane ezimpunga zalezi zipho zehlathi.
Ake sicabangele izici ze-botanical. grey, izindawo zokusabalalisa, kanye nezimfihlo zokusetshenziswa ekuphekeni.
Incazelo ye-botanical: irowu elimnyama libukeka
Igama le-fungus ngokwayo lithatha ucezu lwazi mayelana nokubukeka kwalo. Ngakho-ke, isigqoko siphundu ngempela, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kunezimo ezinombala obomvu noma obomvu.
Uyazi? Kusuka kwabaningi abaqoqi be-mushroom ungazwa amagama ahlukahlukene alawa amakhowe. Ngakho-ke, ziyaziwa njengezinhlanzi ezimbi, izindlela, amakhowe aluhlaza, i-seri, izitshalo, i-podoreshniki, i-seryanki, izindlu ezimpunga.
Izihlobo eziseduze ze-bitters ziyi-volvushki.
Ubukhulu besikhwama se-ferns, kuye ngokuthi "yobudala" babo, buyahlukahluka kusuka ku-4 kuya ku-12 cm ububanzi. Enkambeni encane iqukethe isimo se-convex, esikhwameni esivuthiwe. Emaphethelweni ahlanganisiwe amakhowe afakwe ngaphakathi. I-bottom of the caps ine-plate (ukubukeka kwe-hymenophore) ukubukeka. 
I-mushroom stem iphinde icwecwe. Ubude bayo buyi-4-10 cm. Uma i-bitch ebabayo isencane, umlenze wayo ukhululekile, uma usemdala, uba mkhuba.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umpunga omhlophe we-fungi unomnandi omuhle we-fruity. Ijusi efana nobisi iqhuma endaweni yokukhula kwemigwaqo.
Spread
Indawo yokusabalalisa ye-podoreshnikov inkulu kakhulu. Zitholakala cishe kuwo wonke amazwe aseYurophu nase-Asia. Isimo sezulu esihle salokhu amakhowe sinomsoco.
Bakhetha amaxhaphozi, ama-birch nama-aspen grove, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zamahlathi axutshwe neziqhumane. Ungakwazi ukuqoqa izitshalo cishe zonke ihlobo. Inkathi iqala ngoJulayi futhi iphela kuze ku-Okthoba.
Uyazi? Ukuvuna, kuvela, kulula kakhulu ukukhula ekhaya. Ikhulile njengama-mushroom.
Inani lomsoco
I-Cherishki iyingxenye yesigaba sokudla okudliwayo, okutholakala kalula ngomzimba womuntu. 100 g amakhowe aqukethe 22 kcal kuphela. 
Sikunikeza izinkomba zokudla okunomsoco we-sulfur ryadovki:
- amaprotheni - 3.09 g;
- amafutha - 0.34 g;
- ama-carbohydrates - 3.26 g;
- amanzi - 91.46 g;
- i-fiber yokudla - 1 g;
- umlotha - 0.85 g
Ngaphezu kwalapha ngenhla, lawa amakhowe amakhulu awumthombo wangempela wamavithamini (per 100 g):
- iqembu D - 0.4 μg;
- folic acid - 17 mcg;
- I-Vitamin C - 2.1 mg;
- i-thiamine - 0.081 mg;
- Riboflavin - 0.402 mg;
- i-choline - 17.3 mg;
- i-nicotinic acid - 3.607 mg;
- I-Pantothenic acid - 1.497 mg;
- i-betaine - 9.4 mg;
- I-Vitamin B6 - 0.104 mg;
- i-vitamin B 12 - 0.04 mcg;
- i-alpha-tocopherol (E) - 0.01 mg;
- I-Vitamin K1 - 1 mcg.
Kubalulekile! I-Gorkuchs iqukethe ne-glucose, eyonakalisayo, i-amino acid, nezitolo ze-lipid. Ama-mushroom aqukethe okuthiwa ama-antibiotic yemvelo - ama-asidi aspartic ne-glutamic, kanye ne-glycine, evumela umsebenzi wesistimu yezinzwa.
Isikebhe esiyinkimbinkimbi yokudla kanye namaminerali. I-100 g yamakhowe iqukethe:
- i-calcium - 3 mg;
- selenium - 9.3 mg;
- ama-manganese - 0.047 mg;
- ithusi - 0.318 mg;
- insimbi 0.5 mg;
- i-magnesium - 9 mg;
- i-phosphorus - 86 mg;
- i-potassium - 318 mg;
- I-Zinc - 0.52 mg.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo
Ukwakheka okunjalo okucebile kumaminerali, amavithamini, amino acid kanye nezinye izinto eziwusizo yi-grey ebonisa ukuthi ukudla lawa amakhowe kuzoba nenzuzo enkulu emzimbeni.
Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinto eziwusizo ezifana nama-mushroom, ama-cheeses, ama-mushroom ama-shiitake, amakhowe ase-reishi, amaloli amhlophe, izingulube, amakhowe, amakhowe, ama-mushroom, amakhowe, ama-mushroom nama-mushroom.
Ngakho-ke, i-potassium, etholakala ngamakhowe ngendlela eningi kakhulu, ithinta kahle umsebenzi wezinhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, isiza ukuvuselela i-asidi, i-alkaline, amanzi kanye nosawoti, kanye nokusetshenziswa komzimba kwamaprotheni nama-carbohydrate.
Ukutholakala kwamavithamini e-choline ne-B kusiza ukuvimbela i-cholelithiasis, kanye nokukhuluphala, kusiza ukuvuselela isimiso sezinzwa.
Lezi zakhi ziwusizo ikakhulukazi emadodeni ngoba zibophezele ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu ye-urinary. 
I-Phosphorus iyasiza ekukhuleni kwamathambo nemisipha, ihola imisebenzi yokuthutha emzimbeni.
I-betaine inesibopho sokwakhiwa kwamangqamuzana e-intracellular kanye nenhlangano yezinqubo ze-intracellular.
Kubalulekile! Ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa kwe-serushek kuwusizo ekushukela kwesifo sikashukela, ukucindezelwa kwegazi, i-rheumatism, i-osteoporosis, i-arrhythmias, izifo ezingokwemvelo, nezimo ezicindezelayo. Amakhowe anama-antibacterial, antimicrobial, immunostimulating, izakhiwo eziphikisayo.
Isicelo sokupheka
Ukuvundisa igrey kuyinto amakhowe athandwayo emibuthanweni culinary. Ngokuvamile kuvame ukusetshenziswa ngesimo sikasawoti, kodwa ungakwazi ukupheka (cishe imizuzu engu-15). Amakhowe abilayo angasetshenziselwa ukupheka noma yiziphi izitsha.
Isibonelo, bazokwenza ukugcwaliswa okuhle kwamapayipi, amasoso omnandi, amasaladi omnandi, isobho elimangalisayo. Ungakwazi futhi ukuhamba ngezinyawo, gazinga, isobho, ukubola noma ukomile.
Amanga (anobuthi) cherry: kanjani ukuhlukanisa
Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo eziyikhulu ze-ryadovok. Ingxenye yazo iyadliwa, enye inobuthi.
Sincoma ukuthi uzijwayele uhlu lwamakhowe ezidliwayo.
Ngakho-ke, noma ngubani ofuna ukudla izitsha ezivela kulawa amakhowe kufanele afunde ngokucophelela izici zabo ukuze ukudla okuhlwabusayo kungapheli nesibhedlela.
Izinhlobo ezinobuthi zalezi fungi zifaka okumhlophe (stinky), isobho, i-sulfuric, i-sulfur-yellow, ikhonjiswe (igundane, imidwebo) i-tiger (ingwe) nezinye izinhlobo zemigqa. 
Ukuze kuhlukaniswe izinhlungu ezinhlobonhlobo ezidliwayo, kubalulekile ukutadisha ngokucophelela izici zokubukeka kwazo.
Kubalulekile! Uma usudlile amakhowe anobuthi, ungalindeli kuze kuvele ama-hallucination noma i-clouding of consciousness. Kubalulekile ukuthi uxoxe nodokotela ngokushesha.
- Amahhashi amhlophe rhvvvvok ebusheni, umhlophe uyingqikithi, ekuvuthweni badwetshwe ngama-brown specks.
- Ingwe yokubukeka, noma i-tiger ryadovki, futhi iqiniso lifana nomdwebo woboya bezingwe noma i-tiger. Kulula ukuhlukanisa izindawo ezinkulu ezinsundu kwi-cap kanye nenyama enombala obomvu.
- Kokubili umlenze kanye nekhanda labameleli bezinhlobo zegundane zinegundane kunombala omnyama omnyama. I-pulp yabo inomdla ovuthayo.
- Amakhowe alezi zinhlobo ezine-cap ephuzi, phakathi ne-fossa, futhi angeke isetshenziswe. Ziyabonakala ngephunga elimnandi lika-hydrogen sulfide, okuyinto amakhowe aphuma ngesikhathi sokuphuka.
- Ezihlukahlukene ezithakazelisayo ryadovok kukhona insipho. Izigqoko zazo zinemibala yeminqumo, futhi imilenze yabo igcwele ama-specks abomvu.
Kubalulekile! Imigqa yesobho ayinayo impahla enobuthi, kodwa ihlukaniswa njenge-inedible ngenxa yokuthi ukunambitheka nokubukeka kwabameleli abilisiwe kufana nesobho, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuwadla.
Ukulungiselela izinto zokusetshenziswa
I-Gorkukhi ingaqoqwa sonke isikhathi - kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba. Abaqoqi be-mushroom abanokuhlangenwe nakho bacebisa ukuqoqwa kwabo ezindaweni ezihlanzekile. Awukwazi ukuthatha amakhowe akhula eduze kwemizila yezokuthutha, ngoba lezi zinhlobo zithatha izinto eziyingozi ngokushesha futhi zibe yingozi empilweni.
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-ferns akhetha ukukhula emhlabathini onesihlabathi, emahlathini amancane ne-coniferous, athola udoti, ishlabathi, ubumba, amaqabunga namahlumela. Ngakho-ke konke lokhu akukwenzi amazinyo akho uma udla izitsha ngalawa amakhowe, udinga ukuwageza nokuwahlanza.
Ngokuphathelene nokuhlanza amahlumela kukhona inqubo ehlukile. Amakhowe aqoqwe kufanele afakwe esitsheni ngamanzi anosawoti, ukuze akhululeke kalula.
Amakhowe kufanele adibene emanzini izikhathi ezingu-3-4. Ngakho amapuleti abo azohlanzwa ngokushesha futhi ngokucophelela kokungcola. Uma kunesidingo, amanzi angashintshwa. 
Uma kwenzeka i-podoreshniki ihlose ukomisa noma iqhwa, iyakwazi ukuhlanzwa. Ngalokhu uzodinga ummese wasekhishini, isiponji namafutha yemifino. Ummese uyadingeka ukuze ususe ukungcola kanye nezindawo eziye zaphazamiseka, emzimbeni wamakhowe.
Kubalulekile! Uma okungaphezu kwezingu-20% ze-fungus isonakele, akunakwenzeka.
Ngemuva kokuhlanza ngommese, kubalulekile ukucwilisa isiponji emafutheni omifino bese usula ama-mushroom ngawo. Uma kwenzeka ukungcola okunzima, amakhowe angahlanzwa ngaphansi kwamanzi asebenzayo. Ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu be-plantain, kuyadingeka ukususa ifilimu ku-cap.
Abaqoqi be-mushroom abahlangenwe nakho bakhulume kahle kakhulu izithombo bese bethi banenambithelo emangalisayo kunoma yiluphi uhlobo: omisiwe, oqoshiwe noma othosiwe.
Amaprosesa aseMushroom
Abahlanganyeli abathandekayo 'bokuzingela okuthulile' bazi izindlela eziningi zokulungiselela amahlumela, ubukhulu phakathi kwawo obunamanzi nosawoti.
Kubalulekile! Abathengi nabamakhowa abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukuncoma ama-mushroom ngamahora amaningana emanzini abandayo ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ukuqeda ubuhlungu.
Kanjani usawoti
Iresiphi ejwayelekile kakhulu yokupheka amahlumela yi-pickling yakudala. Ukuze uqalise ukusebenza kwayo, uzodinga 2.5 kg amakhowe, 100 g usawoti, peppercorns, garlic. Ukuze unike isidlo iphunga eliyingqayizivele, ungasebenzisa izinongo ezinomsindo: amaqabunga e-bay, ama-fennel ama-sprigs ane-inflorescences, ama-horseradish nama-currant amaqabunga nezinye izinongo.
Ehlutshiwe futhi yangena ngaphambili emanzini e-parsley abekwe emgqonyeni we-oki. Kunconywa ukubeka izingqimba zamakhowe ngamahlamvu, izinongo kanye nosawoti. Ukumboza isiliva-umthwalo futhi ubeke umgqomo endaweni epholile, indawo engcono kakhulu - ikamelo elingaphansi. Ezinsukwini ezingu-40-45, amakhowe azobe esekulungele ukudla. 
Ukushayela
Ukuhlanza ama-parrot kufanele kuhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili ezihlukene: ukulungiselela amakhowe ngokwabo kanye ne-marinade ngokwayo.
Kubalulekile! Ukushisa okungcono okugcinwa kwezitokisi, kanye nosawoti, isikebhe ngu-0 ... +4 ° С.
I-1 kg yamakhowe kumele ihlanzwe kahle futhi ihlanza. Ngemuva kwalokho, uwafake ku-colander bese uvumela amanzi angaphezu kwamanzi.
Ngesikhathi isikebhe sidonsa ku-colander, udinga ukuqala ukupheka ama-marinade. Ngalokhu udinga (1 ilitha lamanzi): 3 tbsp. l uviniga, 1 tbsp. l usawoti, 1.5 tbsp. l ushukela, i-bay leaf, i-carnation, i-peppercorns, i-parsley nezinye izinongo ukunambitha. Engeza izinongo emanzini, ulethe ngamathumba bese upheka ukushisa okuphansi imizuzu emihlanu. I-Marinade isilungile.
Sibuyela kumakhowe. Kumele zisuswe esikhumbeni bese zigalelwa ngamabhubhu (zingaba ngesigamu noma ezigumbini). Isikebhe esilungisiwe kudingeka ubilise imizuzu engaba ngu-30. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngesikhathi sokupheka kumele uqoqe isikrini se-foam. 
I-parsley ephekiwe kufanele ifakwe ezimbizeni ezinenzalo, ubeke izinongo phansi, uthele marinade, bese ugoqa amabhodlela azinzalo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana namaqoqo, ukukhethwa, ukomisa namaqanda amaqanda.
Kubalulekile ukugcina isidlo esinjalo ekamelweni elimnyama.
Ngezinye izikhathi ngaphansi kokubukeka okungavamile kwamakhowe kungafihla ukunambitheka okuyingqayizivele. Izindlu zokudlala azigcini nje ezihlwabusayo futhi ziphilile, kodwa futhi nezinkukhu zokudla. Ukwazi izimfihlo zokulungiselela kwabo, ungajabulisa abathandekayo bakho ngesidlo esimnandi nesingavamile.
