Ukukhula isivuno esihle samazambane akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okufanele nokudla ngesikhathi. Unyaka nonyaka, ukuhlakulela indlu yakhe yasehlobo, umhlaba usuphelile futhi umlimi kufanele alondoloze izivuno, efaka umquba.
Izambatho eziphezulu zidlala indima enkulu ekukhuleni noma yikuphi izitshalo. I-complex complex ngayinye ikhethwe isitshalo ngasinye.
Yiziphi izithombo zomquba, futhi yiziphi izilinganiso okufanele zisetshenziswe emhlabeni uma ukhula amazambane, cabanga ngokuningiliziwe kulesi sihloko.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-Organic
Ukwethulwa kokugqoka okwakhiwa kwamazambane okukhulayo kwakukhethwa okhokho bethu. Kunezinzuzo ezingenakuphika ekusetshenzisweni kwezindaba eziphilayo:
- Kuhle kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi, futhi inomphumela omuhle kuma-microorganisms acebisa inhlabathi nge-humus.
- Inkinga ye-Organic inikezela izakhi kancane kancane, ukuze inhlabathi engaphezu kwesaturation enezakhi zingenakwenzeka.
- Amazambane athola ukudla okunomsoco, ngoba uhla lwezinto ezilandelanayo zokugqoka eziphilayo zikhulu kakhulu.
- I-Organic iphephile futhi iyasiza kunoma yiziphi izitshalo.
- Lezi zilwane ngokushesha ziphulukisa inhlabathi bese kwanele nje ukugcina isimo sayo ngemizamo encane.
- Lolu hlobo lokugqoka aluholeli ekukhuleni okujwayelekile ngokweqile, okungalawulwa.
- Uma usebenzisa izitshalo eziphilayo, izitshalo zithola izinto ezengeziwe eziqinisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, esiza ukulwa nezifo.
Izinkinga:
- Ngenkathi ebandayo, udaba lwezinto eziphilayo luyeka ukukhulula izakhi emhlabathini.
- Isebenza kuphela uma kunezinyunyana ezincane ezinhlabathini ezingakwazi ukwephula udaba lwezinto eziphilayo zibe yizinto eziwusizo.
- Kunezifunda ezithile lapho kunzima khona ukuthola umquba ophilayo futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu zibiza kakhulu kunamaminerali.
TOP-3
Izithako eziphilayo ezidumile kakhulu:
- Umquba - Lezi zilwane ezingaphandle kwezilwane. Sebenzisa imfucumfucu yezinkomo kanye nehhashi, noma izinkukhu zezinkukhu. Iqukethe i-potassium, i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-calcium. Lokhu kungomunye wemifuno engcono kakhulu yamazambane.
- Umquba - ezakhiweni zayo eziwusizo akuzona eziphansi kuneyokuqala. Kungenziwa ngokuzimela ngaphandle kwezinsalela zezitshalo. Uma ufaka i-peat emgqeni we-compost, izakhiwo ezizuzisayo zalesi sondlo ziyokhula kakhulu.
- Ash - iqukethe izinto eziwusizo ezifana ne-phosphorus, i-calcium, i-potassium nezinye izici zokulandelela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu ukugqoka kunganciphisa kakhulu i-acidity yomhlaba, futhi lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kumazambane, ngoba inhlabathi e-acidi ayifanele.
I-Organomineral (WMD): izinzuzo nezinkinga
Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zemanyolo ephilayo:
- i-humic;
- uketshezi;
- eziyinkimbinkimbi
Izinzuzo zokudla okunjalo:
- Ngenxa yalezi zinto ezisenhlabathini zandisa ukuhlinzekwa kwezici ezilandelanayo eziwusizo ezitshalweni.
- Umkhiqizo wezitshalo ukwanda izikhathi eziningana.
- Izindleko zamaminerali zibuyisela ukulahlekelwa kwezingxenye ezikhona eziphilayo.
- Lolu hlobo lomanyolo lukhiqizwa ngokuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili zokugqoka futhi kukhishwa njengamathebulethi, ama-granules, ama-solids amaningi namanzi amaningi.
Amakhomikhali angamagugu e-organic angasetshenziswa kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi nezitshalo ezihlukahlukene. Ukungahambi kahle kwalokhu ukugqoka kuyedwa kuphela - izakhiwo ziyabiza, futhi uma amazambane ekhulile ngesilinganiso sezimboni, izindleko zokulima isivuno zingadlula imali engenayo.
Izihloko nezincazelo
Igama lalo hlobo lokugqoka kungaba yimuphi. Into eyinhloko ukuthi iphakheji imakwe (WMD).
- Ngakho-ke, i-WMD "I-Potato" iyona ethandwa kakhulu futhi evamile phakathi kwabalimi abahlakulela amazambane.
I-Polydon Bio Pro - umanyolo ophilayo, omanzi, owenziwe nge-multicomponent ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezitshalo, njengoba kuvuselela inhlabathi. Ukwakhiwa kwakuhlanganisa izinto ezilandelayo:- Ama-acidi ama-Fulvic nama-humic.
- Amino acid.
- Tlola izakhi
- I-Polysaccharides
- Izinto zokukhula.
- I-Soljukat Plus iyimanyolo ekhethekile ngamamino acids nama-acvic acids. Ingxenye esebenzayo ye-sufractan i-0.5%. Kushukumisa ukukhula kwezitshalo, kuthuthukise inhlabathi ngezingxenye eziwusizo.
I-Polydon Bio Pro - umanyolo ophilayo, omanzi, owenziwe nge-multicomponent ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezitshalo, njengoba kuvuselela inhlabathi. Ukwakhiwa kwakuhlanganisa izinto ezilandelayo:Amaminerali
Uma sicabanga ngemanyolo yezimbiwa ngokuningiliziwe, zihlukaniswe zibe:
- Potash.
- I-nitrogen.
- I-Phosphoric.
Izinzuzo zokugqoka amaminerali:
- ukulinganisela, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukugxila okuphezulu kwezingxenye eziwusizo ezakhiweni;
- Ukungena emhlabathini inani elincane lenhlanganisela liyadingeka;
- ukusebenzisa lezi zifaka umquba kungalawula ukukhula kwezitshalo kanye nokwakheka kwezithelo;
- kufanelekile kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomhlabathi.
Izinkinga:
- izindleko eziphezulu zokubunjwa okunzima;
- umphumela omuhle utholakala ngokusetshenziswa njalo;
- Ukudlula izidakamizwa kuholela ekufeni kwezitshalo.
Okuthandwa kakhulu kulolu hlobo lomanyolo yilo:
- Ammophos - kulomanyolo awukho i-chlorine ne-sodium, okuyinto enenzuzo. Ngenxa yokubunjwa kwayo okulinganiselayo, kufanelekile ukukhulela amazambane.
- I-Diammophos - kuthinta izinga lokukhula, linikeza ukuchichima kwezimbali, fruiting, ukuvuthwa okusheshayo kwezithelo.
- Ama-nitrophos - i-phosphorus, i-nitrogen ne-potassium, eyingxenye yomanyolo, ingathuthukisa ukukhula kuphela, kodwa futhi ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo.
Izithako zamaminerali amazambane ezikhulayo zikhethwa ngokusho kwenhlabathi kanye nesidingo sesitshalo sezingxenye eziwusizo.
Sibhale esihlokweni esihlukile mayelana nokuthi yimaphi amafakela amazambane adinga nokuthi angayisebenzisa kanjani ngokufanele.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwamazambane, lapho etshalwe emgodini
Yisiphi isithako semaminerali engcono kakhulu kumazambane lapho utshala emgodini? Isici esiyinhloko nesibaluleke kunazo zonke zokukhula amazambane amahle yi-nitrogen, equkethe umuthi womquba nomquba. Kodwa kunjalo Umanyolo ongcono uma utshala isitshalo uzoba umanyolo obunzima ohlangene nokuhlanganiswa kwamaminerali.
Uma utshalwa, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi izinhlobo zamazambane ezivuthiwe zakudala zidinga izakhi ezingaphezulu kunezinkathi zonyaka noma izinhlobo eziseduze.
Isikhathi semifino ezinhlobonhlobo zakudala sincane futhi ngalesi sikhathi isivuno asinaso isikhathi sokubamba zonke izakhi ezivela kumanyolo eziphilayo. Ukugqoka okwenziwe ngamaminerali kuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha futhi unikeze amazambane nge-micronutrients edingekayo ngokugcwele.
Okuyinkimbinkimbi kungenzeka:
- i-potassium sulfate - ama-kilo amabili ngekhulu;
- i-ammonium nitrate - 1 kg;
- isigamu ibhakede lomlotha ngamakhulu;
- nitrophoska - 5 kg.
Le mixube ifakwa ngqo emthonjeni, ngaphandle kokudlula imigomo ethile. Abalimi abaningi bakhetha ukusebenzisa kuphela umanyolo ophilayo uma beka amazambane, izinga lesicelo liyoba kanje:
- humus - 700 g kahle;
- umlotha wokhuni - owodwa ngesandla.
Ungadluli umthamo wamanyolo wamaminerali ekuphishekeleni ukuvunwa okuhle, ukwedluleleka kwenhlabathi ngalezi zinhlanganisela ezibulala izitshalo.
Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana namazambane umanyolo lapho ukutshala emgodini, funda lapha.
Ukushiya ngemuva kokutshala imifino
Izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukukhululeka, ukukhuphuka nokudla. Ngaphambi kokuvuna ukuvuthwa amazambane kudingeka kusetshenziswe nge-micronutrients. Isikhathi sokugcina senkambiso esidliwe phakathi nango-Julayi.
Ukubonakala kwamazambane amazambane kungatshela ukuthi yimuphi umanyolo odinga ukuwenza okwamanje. Uma lezi ziqongweni ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi zilucayi, kudingeka udinga isipuni 1 se-urea kanye no-1.5 izinkomishi ze-humus ngayinye yemitha.
Lapho nje amazambane aqala ukuqhakaza, asebenzisa ukudla kokubili, futhi ukudla okuhle kakhulu emva kokutshala kuyinkimbinkimbi: isipuni se-potassium sulfate nezipuni eziyi-3 zomlotha ngamunye ngamitha.
Ukudla kokugcina kwenziwa esiteji se-tuberization. Ngomitha wemhlabathi udinga ukwenza u-2 tbsp. izinkezo ze-superphosphate. Uma ukukhula kwehlathi kumile, khona-ke ungashukumisa lesi sitshalo ukuba sichitha inhlabathi nge-infusion ye-mullein emanzini phakathi kwemigqa, uzama ukungathinti iziqongo.
Mayelana nokuthi kunesidingo sokondla amazambane, kubhalwe kulolu lwazi.
Isiphetho
Noma yiziphi izitshalo zensimu zidinga ukondliwa, amazambane ahlukile. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle udinga ukondla kahle ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo, isikhathi sokhula, uphinde wenze izitshalo zomanyolo ezidingekayo.
