Okumnandi futhi okuqhakazile: kanjani ukwenza ukhukhamba oqoshiwe? Izindlela zokupheka ezinhle zokupheka

Ngaphandle kwamakhukhamba agwetshiwe awukwazi ukucabanga idili laseRussia. Zisetshenziswa njengesidlo esizimele kumazambane, ama-buckwheat, inhlanzi enosawoti nokuphuza okunamandla, noma wengeze izitsha ezihlukahlukene.

Bafanelwe ukuthandwa kwabo ngenxa yokunambitheka okuyingqayizivele, izindleko eziphansi nokulula okupheka ukupheka ekhaya. Indlela yokukhetha ukhukhamba okumnandi wemvubelo, ukuthi ungayilungisa kanjani futhi uyisindise esikhathini esizayo, sizokutshela esihlokweni sethu. Kuyothakazelisa futhi ukubuka ividiyo ewusizo ngalesi sihloko.

Kuyini?

Inqubo yokukhamba ukhukhamba kanje:

1. Amakhukhamba ahlanganisiwe kanye nezinongo afakwa esitsheni esihlanzekile futhi athululelwe nge-brine.
2. Ngo-brine nezithelo, i-lactic acid, i-acetic acid, i-butyric acid, kanye nama-bacteria emvubelo aqala ukuthuthukisa, okwenza inqubo yokuvutshelwa.
3. Ngesikhathi uketshezwa ushukela ngamakhukhamba, kuzo zonke izinto ezikhiqizwayo ezilondolozwayo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-lactic acid. Iyeka noma igweme umsebenzi obalulekile webhaktheriya yokufaka i-putrefactive ne-mold, okuholela ekuhlakalweni kwemifino.

Ngaphansi kwethonya lalezi zici, ukhukhamba zigcinwa, zithole ukunambitheka okukhethekile, iphunga elikhethekile kanye nokuphila kwelanga elide.

Indlela yokukhetha imifino?

Ngenxa yokukhethwa kwaminyaka eminyaka, izinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhukhamba zalinganiselwa ku-200. futhi akuzona zonke ezifanele ukuvutshelwa. Ukuze ukhethe imifino efanelekayo phakathi kwabo, kubalulekile ukunamathela kuleso simo.

Usayizi omkhulu wekhukhamba uhluka kusuka ku-9 kuya ku-12 amasentimitha. Izithelo ezikulesi sigaba sokuvuthwa ziqukethe ushukela omkhulu ne-lactic acid, okudingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe izinga eliphezulu.

Amakhukhamba akhule ngokweqile ayifuni ukusebenzisa, ngoba umoya ogcwala ama-voids uvame ukhiwa ngaphakathi kwezithelo ezinjalo. Ngenxa yomoya owandayo, inqubo yokuvutshelwa izithelo zingenalutho, futhi ikhukhamba iba lula kakhulu.

Umbala wekhukhamba elimvubelo kumele ube yilabo abamnyama., mhlawumbe ngethiphu elikhanyayo noma imicu emhlophe emihlangothini. Izinhlobo ezinjalo nedatha yangaphandle zivutha ngokushesha. Kodwa uma kwakungekho ukhukhamba olunjalo, abanye bazokwehla, into eyinhloko ukuthi umbala wabo akufanele ube ophuzi.

Kudingeka ukhethe ukhukhamba onesikhumba esincane kanye nezibhamu ezimnyama, ngoba isikhumba esinjalo sinomthelela ekufaneni nomfutho we-brine phakathi kwe-fetus. Ukumunca okuncane kwe-liquid kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ushukela oqukethe isithelo uqala ukuvuthwa, kodwa njengoba imikhiqizo yokubola ingabonakali, ikhukhamba ithola ukunambitheka okubabayo kanye nephunga elimnandi.

Amanye ukhukhamba esitolo angase abe iparafini-agcobe ukwandisa impilo yamashalofu futhi abanike ukukhanya okukhulu. I-pharafini encibilikiswe ku-brine ingabangela ukuguliswa kwesisu.

Buka ividiyo mayelana nokukhamba ngamakhukhamba okhethwayo:

Izindlela zokulondoloza nokuhlukana kwazo

Ukuze uqonde umehluko phakathi kokukhethwa kwe-pickling, i-pickling kanye ne-pickling ukhukhamba, ngayinye yalezi zinqubo kufanele ibhekwe ngokuningiliziwe.

Ukubilisa

Amakhukhamba anezinyosi agcinwa yi-lactic acidokuyinto eyakhiwe ngenxa yokuvutshelwa kwezithelo endaweni yesisombululo sikasawoti. Le ndlela yokulondoloza ikuvumela ukuba ugcine ukunambitheka kwekhukhamba kanye nokuhogela.

Salting

Amakhukhamba aluhlaza okuhloswe ukuba agcinwe efulethini ahluke ngokuvutha ukuze agcinwe, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yobuningi be-usawoti, futhi i-lactic acid kule nqubo inikezwa indima exhasayo. Isikali salolu isisombululo saling sisuka ku-3 ukuya kwezingu-5%, futhi ukukhethwa kusuka ku-1.5 ukuya ku-2.5%. Kukhona umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinga le-asidi.

Ukushayela

Kulokhu, ukhukhamba ziphekwe ku-marinade: isisombululo esibilisiwe samanzi, usawoti, ushukela kanye noviniga. Amanzi abilayo nge-acetic acid abulala amabhaktheriya, okuholela ekukhukheni ikhukhamba, futhi kanye nawo amaningi amavithamini anenzuzo kanye nezici trace eziqukethwe izithelo.

Emgqonyeni nasebhange - yini umehluko?

Umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zemvubelo yilezi:

• lapho uthola umgqomo ebusika, kubalulekile ukuvutshulwa nokugcina ukhukhamba emgqonyeni noma esitsha sensimbi endaweni epholile nepholile;
• ngendlela yokugcina ekheniwe, amakhukhamba aqala ukuvuthwa, bese ehlanganiswa ngamathini futhi avaliwe ngamabhodlela epulasitiki.

Amakhukhamba akhiqiziwe okugcotshwe aphethwe isikhathi eside kakhulu kune-cask.

Ukunambitheka komgqomo kanye namakhukhamba akheniwe, njengomthetho, okufanayo, uma ubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela nokugcinwa kwezithelo behlulekile, futhi izithelo ngokwazo zikhethwe ngendlela efanele ngokohlobo lwezinga kanye nosayizi.

Zuza kanye nokulimala

I-lactic acid namanye amavithamini nezinto ezilandelanayo eziqukethe ukhukhamba ezivutshiwe zinomphumela omuhle emzimbeni:

1. Khuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwama-bacteria anenzuzo emathunjini.
2. Thuthukisa ukuvikeleka kwejusi esiswini.
3. Nikeza umphumela omncane we-laxative.
4. Nciphisa i-hangover syndrome (ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa i-brine).

Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhukhamba aqoshiwe akunconywa phambi kwezifo ezinjalo kanye namathambo:

• isifo se-gallstone;
• i-hypertension;
• i-atherosclerosis;
• i-pyelonephritis;
• i-degree degree ukukhuluphala;
• isifo sezinso.

Buka ividiyo mayelana nezinzuzo nezingozi zamakhukhamba oqoshiwe:

Ikhalori namavithamini

Ukuqukethwe kwekhalori ephakathi kwekhukhamba kusuka embizeni yamakhukhamba okufakwe emanzini anobucayi yi-11.2 kilocalories.. Ukubunjwa kwe-Vitamin kanye nezamaminerali kulo mkhiqizo kanje:

• i-potassium;
• i-phosphorus;
• i-magnesium;
• i-calcium;
• i-zinc;
• insimbi;
• amavithamini amaqembu C, B, PP.

I-salting yamafutha

I-recipe, ukupheka kanjani ubusika obuvutshiwe, kanye ne-crispy, njengamakhukhamba afaniswe ngamabhalwa ngaphandle kokugaya, emathini amakhaza. Lolubuchwepheshe lobuchwepheshe aludingi i-brine ebilisayo, kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwamathini kanye nokuthungatha okulandelayo.

Ukupheka kuzodinga:

• amathini ahlanziwe kahle;
• 3-4 izicucu i-dill isambulela;
• Izingcezu 2-3 amaqabunga ama-horseradish;
• 5-7 ama-PC. amahlamvu cherry noma ama-currant;
• 4 clove of garlic;
• ama-peas abomvu noma amnyama (ukunambitha);
• 3 wezipuni kasawoti;
• 1 indebe yamanzi afudumele;
• umthamo wokwenza ukhukhamba;
• inani elifanele lamanzi ahlungiwe.

Akunconywa kakhulu ukukhipha ukhukhamba ngamanzi okupompoza nokuvundiza, ngoba kunzima kakhulu ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-lime nezinye izinto eziyingozi. Lokhu kuzothinta kakhulu ukunambitheka komkhiqizo ovutshiwe.

Ukulandelana kwezenzo:

1. Ngaphambi kokuba u-salting ukhukhamba kufanele unakwe emanzini ahlanzekile amahora amaningana. Lokhu kuzobavumela ukuba baqoqe inani elifanele lomswakama ukuze bangangeni emanzini, banganciphisa inani lalo.
2. Ngaphambi kokufudumala, kutuswa ukunciphisa amathiphu amakhukhamba, ngoba aqukethe inani elikhulu le-nitrate.
3. Ngokulandelayo, ukhukhamba ziboshwe ngokuqondile emabhange ahlanzekile ahlanjululwe kahle nangamanzi abilayo, lapho imifino ihamba khona nezinongo. Kanti futhi, izinongo zingalala phansi embizeni, ngaphambi kokubeka ukhukhamba.
4. Bese ulungiselela i-brine. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uthele usawoti esibukweni bese uthela amanzi afudumele khona, uvuselele kuze kube yilapho ama-crystals aphela ngokuphelele.
5. I-brine ephumela kuthululwa embizeni.
6. Ngemuva kokuba ibhishi le-brine ligcwele amanzi ahlanzekile phezulu. Ukuze ungqimba lwamanzi luvale amathiphu okhukhamba ophezulu wamakhukhamba, okuzowusindisa ekubheni, ukubola nokubunjwa.

I-TIPA: Imifino ekhukhulayo kufanele ivunyelwe ukuvotela ekamelweni lokushisa izinsuku ezingu-3-4, emva kwalokho amathini agcinwe ngesembozo seplastiki bese efakwa esitokisini unomphela endaweni epholile (i-cellar, esiqandisini). Ezinsukwini ezingu-30-45 zizovuthwa ngokugcwele.

Buka ividiyo mayelana nokukhanda okubandayo kwamakhukhamba:

Izinkinobho

Uma udinga iresiphi yokupheka ukhukhamba oqoshiwe ngokulungele ngokushesha ukukhonza noma ukungeza ezitsha, khona-ke le recipe for ukhukhamba ezinqeni. Kungenxa yakhe ukuthi kunconywa ukuba ukhethe ukhukhamba omkhulu, onobukhulu nesikhumba ovuthiwe, onguhlobo lonke aluvumi kabi.

Ukupheka ama-4kk ukhukhamba kuzodinga:

• ilitha noma isigamu-litre izimbiza nge isikulufa lid (amabhange anjalo akudingeki ukuqhuma up);
• ukufaka isikhwama emabhange;
• 250 g ushukela;
• 200-250 g ka-9% uviniga, okudingekayo ukuze imibuthano inganciphisi, igcine ubukhulu bayo futhi ihlasele;
• 1 inkomishi yamafutha e-sunflower ahlanzekile;
• Indandatho ye-pepper enomunyu;
• Isipuni 1 ingxube yomhlabathi pepper;
• 2 wezipuni kasawoti;
• 3 izinhloko zikagalikhi;
• inkomishi yokulinganisa;
• umthamo wokupheka i-marinade;
• isitsha esikhulu sensimbi noma imbiza enkulu yokupheka;
• umbuthano wezinkomishi ezinenzalo;
• phakamisa ubukhulu bombuthano;
• inani elifanele lamanzi ahlungiwe.

Inqubo:

1. Ukhukhamba ngamathiphu okusika ahlanziwe ngokuphelele, bese-ke, okungenani amahora amabili agwetshiwe emanzini ahlanzekile. Ngemuva kokufaka imifino, ziyakunqunywa zibe tincetu, i-pepper ifafazwe kuwo, futhi igaliki ishicilelwe ngaphandle.
2. Emathonjeni, i-marinade ilungiswa kusuka kuviniga, amafutha we-sunflower, ushukela nosawoti, okuvuthwa kuze kuphele ngokuphelele.
3. Ukhukhamba wathululela ama-marinade futhi wafaka endaweni ebandayo amahora angu-5-7.
4. Uma ukhukhamba zifakwe emanzini, amabhange kufanele ahlolwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka ipanishi esitofu esitofu, ulethe emathunjini bese ubeka umbuthano wokubangela inzalo ngaphezulu, kodwa ungacimi umlilo. Ibhange lifakwe kulo mbuthano ngenduku yalo phansi bese ligcina imizuzu engu-10. I-hot steam ezayo izobulala amaningi amancane. Zingahle zihlolwe ngokugcina imizuzu engu-10 kuhhavini ngezi-160 degrees noma kuhhavini ye-microwave emandleni ka 700-800 watts. Izimbiza ezinamakhaza zifakwa endaweni ehlanzekile ekhishini.
5. Amabhodlela abuye ahlolwe; ngale njongo, abilisiwe ngamaminithi ambalwa emanzini, bese abeka phansi emanzini ashisayo. Amanzi ashisayo ayadingeka ukuze umqubuzelo ukwandise, okuzokwenza kube lula ukujijimela bese ubeka uphawu uma unqanyuliwe (isembozo sizofaka i-taper futhi sibophe intamo entanyeni).
6. Amakhukhamba ahlelwe emabhange, agcwele ama-marinade, kodwa hhayi entanyeni ngokwawo, kodwa ayesentimitha ngaphambi kwawo.
7. Isitsha esikhulu noma i-pan igcinwe esitofu, ithawula lifakwa phansi, kanye nezimbiza zamakhukhamba ngethawula. Isikhala phakathi kwabo kungcono ukubeka i-gauze noma i-HB ithawula ukuze amabhange angahlangani. Khona-ke amanzi athululelwa emathangi, okufanele afinyelele "kuma-hangers" amathini. Kulethwa emathunjini futhi kugcinwe kulesi simiso imizuzu engu-10, kuze kube yilapho izimbiza kanye nokuqukethwe kwazo kuhloswe futhi.
8. Ngemuva kokuzalisa inzalo, imbiza ivalwe ngesibindi phezu kwesibindi futhi iphendukele phansi izikhathi eziningana ukuze i-brine ibombe phezulu kwamakhukhamba.

KUBALULEKILE: Izimbiza ezithintekayo zingathunyelwa ngokushesha endaweni encane, azidingi ukugcinwa kwansuku zonke ngaphansi "koboya obubomvu."

Nge-aspirin

Ukupheka kuzodinga:

• amathini angama-litre amathathu ane-cap screw;
• isambulela se-dill;
• Ama-clove ayisishiyagalolunye;
• Amaqabunga ayisithupha;
• 3-4 i-peppercorns;
• 2-4 ama-pea carnations;
• 3 wezipuni kasawoti;
• Isipuni 1 ushukela;
• Isipuni esingu-1 seviniga;
• 2 amaphilisi e-aspirin;
• i-pan ye-brine abilayo;
• umbuthano wezinkomishi ezinenzalo;
• umthamo wokwenza ukhukhamba;
• izingubo nezingubo ezifudumele.

Inqubo:

1. Amakhukhamba ahlanzwa futhi agwetshwe amahora amaningana.
2. Amabhanki kanye nezembozo zazo zihloswe ngenye yezindlela ezichazwe ngenhla.
3. Ukhukhamba nezinongo zifakwa embizeni enenzalo, ethululiwe ngosawoti phezulu bese uthele ngamanzi abandayo, bese ivaliwe futhi ishiya ukuzulazula usuku.
4. Ngolunye usuku, i-brine etholakale ngale ndlela ichitheka kusuka embizeni eya epanini, lapho ushukela lengezwe kuwo. Ingxube ihanjiswa ngamathumba namathumba amaminithi angu-2-3.
5. Embizeni yamakhukhamba ufake ama-tablet amabili e-aspirin, bese uwuthululela nge-brine abilayo uze ufike phezulu, ushiye indawo encane ibe ne-spoonful of vinegar, eyengeziwe kuze kube sekugcineni. Khona-ke i-can iphikisiwe ngekhanda elifakwe emanzini afudumele.
6. Amabhange ashisayo usuku nosuku oluboshwe futhi lugcwele izinto ezifudumele ukuze ukushisa kwazo kuhlale isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka futhi kwabulala zonke izinambuzane ngaphakathi. Uma ekugcineni bepholile, bangagqoka isitoreji sesikhathi eside.

Buka ividiyo kumakhukhamba okhethisa (salting) nge-aspirin:

Izithako

Ungalondoloza izinhlobo ezahlukene zemifino ngamakhukhamba.:

• utamatisi;
• i-zucchini;
• I-pepper yesiBulgaria;
• izaqathe;
• ikholifulawa;
• anyanisi.

Uhlu lwama-inventory kanye nezithako, kanye nokulandelana kwezinyathelo zokwakha isitsha nemifino, kufana nalabo abachazwe iresiphi mayelana namakhukhamba ezinkampeni.

Ungayithola kanjani i-crunch?

Ukuze ukhukhamba oqoshiwe uphuthuke, udinga ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele ngaphambi kokuba u-salting. Kumele kube nobukhulu obufanele, ngesikhumba esincane kodwa esilondekile kanye nezimpumputhe ezimnyama. Uma isikhathi eside izithelo ziyobe zigcwala ngaphambi kokubheka, kungcono umphumela uzoba ngcono. I-crunch nayo ihlinzekwa ngokukhethwa nge-vinegar futhi yengeze i-vodka, ama-horseradish namaqabunga ama-oak kuya ku-pickle.

Indlela yokwandisa impilo yeshalofu?

Ukuze ukhukhamba oqoshiwe ugcinwe isikhathi eside, kufanele uwagcine ebumnyameni nasebandayo. Ukuvimbela isikhunta akunconywa ukwengeza amaqabunga e-currant kumakhukhamba. Ukuze uthole ukhukhamba ovela emgodini ovulekile noma ongasebenzi, ungadliwa nge-fork ephathwe ngamanzi abilayo, futhi uvale njalo nge-nylon ukuze i-brine ingavali. Kubalulekile futhi ukukhipha njalo ifilimu yesikhunta bese ubhekana nesimo saso nge-mustard powder noma ukufafaza nge-chips horseradish.

Uma kungenjalo uketshezi okwanele kwengeziwe, amakhukhamba anganyamalala noma athole ukunambitheka okungathandeki. Okufanayo kuzokwenzeka ngaphansi kwezimo ezingalungile zokugcina. Futhi, ngenkathi igcinwa ukhukhamba oqoshiwe, isikhunta singase sibonakale phezu kobuso be-brine, okuyokwenza umkhiqizo ube ukunambitheka okungajabulisayo nephunga.

Ngabe kuphi futhi kuphi?

Kudingekile ukugcina imifino ehlutshiwe endaweni emnyama nebandayo ukuze imisebe yelanga kanye nokushisa okuphezulu kungenzi inqubo yokuvutshelwa nge-brine. Izindawo ezinjengalezi: i-cellar, ingaphansi, isiqandisini, i-balcony, i-pantry, kanye namabhabhinethi angavamile okuvula, atholakala kude nokushisa amadivaysi.

Izitsha

Zingafakwa kwi-vinaigrette, isaladi sikaNcibijane kaNcibijane eyamangalisa, ingafakwa nge-salads yemifino, noma ingaphekwa ngamakhukhamba ashukile. Kuphelele kukhona izindlela zokupheka ezingaba ngu-300 lapho kusetshenziswa khona ama-pickle.

Ngabe ungenza kanjani ezinye izikhala ebusika?

Ukuze ulondoloze ukhukhamba ebusika, ngaphezu kwe-salting, ungasebenzisa izindlela ezinjalo:

• uwafake emgodini ovaliwe, uphume umoya ovela lapho bese uwagcina esiqandisini noma epantry;
• igqoke ngeqanda elimhlophe bese efakwa efrijini.

Bangabuye banqunywe emibuthanweni, ama-cubes noma ama-straws bese efriziwe efrijini.

Isiphetho

Ngosizo lokuvutshelwa, ungakwazi ngokushesha futhi ngokuzikhandla ulungise inombolo enkulu yamakhukhamba ebusika. Uma ulandela impela iresiphi futhi uhambisane nemibandela yokugcina, imifino eqoshiwe emgodini izokujabulela ukunambitheka kwakho kuze kube sekuqaleni kwehlobo ezayo.