Namuhla sizokhuluma ngezinhlobo ezimangalisayo ze-Western Tui - "Smaragd". Lesi sihlahla esincane esihle kakhulu sisetshenziswa kakhulu eYurophu ngokuhlobisa izakhiwo zomuntu siqu, ekwakheni izingoma eziluhlaza kanye nezinhlawulo. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zeSmaragd thuja ziyingcosana encane nokungathobeki ezimweni zokuboshwa. Umuthi ukhula kancane kancane futhi uphila iminyaka engamakhulu amabili, ngakho-ke ususelwe kuwo ungakha amapaki ahlale ehlaza okulinganiselwe ngumcabango wakho kuphela.
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo uma uthenga
Ukukhetha ukuhlelwa kwe-sapling okungcono kakhulu isayensi yonke. Uma uthenga imbewu yeSmaragd thuja, kudingeka uqaphele ubukhulu bomqhele, umbala wendawo eluhlaza yesitshalo, uhlole i-trunk namagatsha. Uma i-thuja ingathengiswa embizeni, qala uhlole izimpande.
Kubalulekile! Thenga izithombo esifundeni sakho, ukuze umuthi ungasebenzisi amandla ekunciphiseni.
Imbewu enhle kufanele ibe "amaqabunga" ashubile ombala wesaladi. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla akufanele kube ngaphezu kuka-120 cm. Isiqu kanye namahlumela kufanele abe nombala owodwa, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezikhanyayo noma ezimnyama. Amagxolo kufanele aqiniseke. Hlola izimbobo ezihlukahlukene noma umonakalo emagqumeni, ngoba amagxolo awonakele angenza buthaka isihlahla futhi ngeke siphume. Izimbobo ezihlukahlukene - lokhu kungase kube khona izinambuzane ku-cortex noma nge-bast. Futhi indawo enjalo ayisongeli nje kuphela i-thuja encane, kodwa futhi nezinye izingculazi engadini.
Uma ingxenye engenhla ihlelekile, iya ezimpandeni. Ngokufanele, isitshalo kufanele sithengiswe embizeni yomhlabathi (inhlabathi akufanele ibe eyomile!). Uma izimpande zingekho emhlabathini, hlola umswakama nobuqotho bazo. Izimpande ezinomile noma ezonakalisiwe - isizathu sokwenqaba ukuthenga isithombo. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlelo lwempande ludlulile futhi kubonakala sengathi akusiqondakali, izimpande ziqala ukubola futhi zithenge imbewu enjalo ayifanele. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi umuthi obuthakathaka udinga isikhathi esiningi nokuzikhandla kumgadi wensimu ukuze kulungiswe futhi kukhule.
Uyazi? Zonke izinhlobo ze-western thuja zihlukaniswa ngezinga eliphezulu le-phytoncidity. Ukuphuza umoya okugcwele i-phytoncides kuqinisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
Isikhathi esihle sokuhlala
Izithombo zingatshala kokubili entwasahlobo noma ehlobo nasekwindla. Noma kunjalo, abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukutshala ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Lokhu kungenxa yenkathi yokungena kwemikhawulo. Uma utshala i-thuja ekwindla, kungase kungabi nesikhathi sokuhlala phansi ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa futhi kuzomane kuphephe. Ngokutshala entwasahlobo noma ehlobo (lapho ukuhamba kufudumala futhi ngaphandle kokushintsha ngokungazelelwe kokushisa) unikeza lesi sihlahla isikhathi esiningi sokuthi "uphile" futhi ujwayele izimo ezintsha.
Uyazi? Amazwe amaningi aseYurophu ezingeni lezomthetho asebenzisa i-thuja entshonalanga yokutshala izindawo eziluhlaza zezifo zesifo sofuba.
Ukukhetha indawo nendawo yokutshala
Ukuze isitelingi siqale futhi sikhule masinyane, udinga ukukhetha indawo efanele yokutshala. Inketho ekahle kuyoba yindawo enelanga noma enomthunzi emasangweni. Ingxenye eluhlaza ye-thuja ayibonakali ekushiseni kwelanga, ngakho-ke ungabeka lesi sihlahla ezindaweni ezivulekile. Kunconywa ukuthi uthathe inhlabathi evundile enezindawo ezinhle zokugeleza kanye nokugeleza. Izinketho ezilandelayo zenhlabathi zifanelekile ku-Tui: i-chernozem, i-peaty ne-clayey. Kuzo, umuthi uzizwa kangcono. Uma isayithi lakho litholakala enhlabathini eyindayo, lapho umswakama uphela khona, noma amanzi angaphansi komhlaba asondele phezulu, khona-ke kufanele unakekele uhlelo lokudonsa amanzi. Ubuningi be-acid abukhathazi kakhulu nge-thuja, kodwa kungcono ukubambelela kukhombisi ongathathi hlangothi ngamaphutha amancane.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela ngaphambi kokufika
Ngaphambi kokutshala isihlahla, kudingeka ufeze izigaba eziningana zokulungiselela, okungezona zonke izitshalo zensimu eyaziwayo. Ngakho-ke, ake siqale nendlela yokutshala iSmaragd thuja entwasahlobo. Ukuze uqale, lungisa isayithi. Uma lesi sihlahla sathengwa kanye nommbizi, uthele amanzi amaningi emhlabeni bese ushiya ihora noma amabili ukuma, ngakho kulula ukukhipha. Linganisa ububanzi bommbila bese ugoba umgodi wokutshala, okuzoba izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ezinkulu kunebhola lobumba. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi kuthengwa isiteji ngaphandle kwe-coma yobumba, umgodi wokutshala ugubude izikhathi ezi-3 ezinkulu kunomkhawulo womqhele endaweni enkulu kakhulu.
Emva kwalokhu, umgodi kumele ugcwaliswe ngenhlabathi evundile. Kunezinketho eziningana zenhlabathi "efisa": i-chernozem, umhlaba we-sod, umquba, umhlabathi wesitolo, i-peat, noma enye inhlabathi evumelana nemingcele echazwe. Sincoma ukusebenzisa ukuxuba okulandelayo: i-peat, isihlabathi, i-chernozem / inhlabathi evundile ngokwesilinganiso se-2: 2: 1. Kule ndawo kukhona zonke izinto ezidingekayo esigabeni sokuqala. Uma i-thuja inokuphakama okungaphansi kwe-1 m, udinga ukwengeza umanyolo obunzima ("Kemira", nitroammophoska noma izifanekiselo zawo) enhlabathini yokutshala.
Kubalulekile! Uma inhlabathi inganamanzi noma isindayo, khona-ke umgodi uyancipha ngamasentimitha angu-20 futhi uhlanganiswe ngendwangu yamatshe, amatshe aqoshiwe noma ubumba olwandisiwe.
Indlela yokutshala thuja "Smaragd"
Ngemuva kokulungiselela inhlanganisela yenhlabathi, isithombo sifakwa emgodini, sigcwele inhlabathi elungiselelwe futhi ihlanganiswe. Asikho isidingo sokufaka ukwesekwa okungeziwe kwesihlahla, kodwa kufanele uqaphele ukuxubha kwenhlabathi. I-mulch izovikela uhlelo lwempande lweSmaragd thuja ekumeni nasekukhenizeni, futhi lizogcina futhi umswakama emhlabathini. Ngendlela ye-mulch, ungasebenzisa i-sawdust, izendlalelo ze-humus, i-peat emanzi noma impahla ye-mulch ekhethekile.
Ngaphandle kwezinzuzo ezingenhla ze-mulching, kufanelekile ukufaka ukuthi lezi zinto zizokwenza ukufaka umanyolo owengeziwe emthini uma uguqula, ngakho-ke akufanelekile ukwenqaba. Iphuzu elibalulekile ngukuthi intamo yentambo ye-thuja kufanele ibe sezingeni eliphansi, futhi amahlumela aphansi esihlahla akufanele athinte umquba. Uma umuthi utshalwe endaweni eyomile, kufanele uqaphele ukugcoba umqhele womuthi nokuchelela okunamandla (uma ungafanelanga umlenze).
Ukunakekela nokulimala kwe-Tummy "Smaragd"
Siphenduka ebuqili bokukhula kweSmaragd thuja ezweni noma engxenyeni engadini. Isitshalo se-coniferous esingenasithunzi sidinga ukunakekelwa okuncane kubanikazi. Futhi uma ulandela inamba encane yemithetho nezincomo, umuthi wakho uzoba nombono okhangayo futhi uzohambelana ngokuphelele ekubunjweni jikelele kwensimu.
Shading umuthi omncane
Ukunakekela i-thujas "I-Smaragd" kufanele iqale ngokuthungatha. Ngenhla, sichaza isayithi lokufika futhi sibonisa ukuthi i-thuja izwa kahle ekukhanyeni kwelanga eliqondile, kodwa ngonyaka wokuqala noma amabili emva kokutshala, i-thuja idinga ukuthunjwa ilanga lokukhanya kwelanga ukuze isihlahla esibucayi singatholi ilanga. Ukwenza lokhu, i-thuyu ihlanganiswe ngempahla emhlophe engahlosiwe, ekhombisa imisebe yelanga. Uma usimboza ngempahla emnyama, umphumela wokushisa uzokwenziwa ngaphansi kwawo, futhi umuthi uzomane uhlale "uvutha amandla".
Ukunisela, ukusiphawula nokukhipha inhlabathi
Kudingekile ukuphuza umuthi ngisho nangemva kokubeka umquba. Kuncike ekutheni umswakama womhlabathi kanye nokuphakama kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, ukuchelela kwenziwa kanye kanye ngenyanga noma ngesonto ngalinye. Ukuze ucheze, ungasebenzisa i-hose yokunisela noma i-hose engadini. Umuthi udinga amalitha ayishumi amanzi ukuze ukwanelise izidingo zawo zomswakama.
Kubalulekile! Eminyakeni elandelayo, i-thuja kufanele iphuze kanye ngesonto kuphela ehlobo nangesikhathi sekusondeka okukhulu.
Ngaphezu kokunisela, i-thuja idinga ukuncelisa. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi uma uguqula umhlabathi, akudingeki ukuba ukhula, ngoba inhlabathi ayimile, okusho ukuthi ukushintshanisa umoya akuwohloki. Uma i-mulch ingafakwa, khona-ke umhlabathi ozungeza umuthi kufanele ukhula. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula lo mzuzwana: thuja inezimpande ezingenakwenzeka ezingonakaliswa kalula. Ukwazi lesi sici, i-weeding iqhutshwa ekujuleni okungaphezulu kuka-10 cm. Ukukhululwa kwenhlabathi kuyenzeka lapho uqweqwe luqala ukuzungeza umuthi, luphazamise ukujikeleza komoya. Uma kushisa kakhulu ngaphandle, i-weeding ingcono ukuyeka, ngoba usengozini yokushisa izimpande zomhlaba nokukhuphuka okukhulu komswakama kusuka emhlabathini. Ukhula ludinga umhlabathi ekuseni noma ngemva kokushona kwelanga.
Nini okufanele ukondle
Ukufaka umquba womhlabathi ngama-fertilizer eziyinkimbinkimbi ngesikhathi sokutshala kunika umphumela wesikhashana, kanti ekwindla konyaka ofanayo kudingekile ukuba ufeze ngokuphindaphindiwe. NgoSeptemba, umquba we-phosphate-potash kudingeka uhlanganiswe emhlabathini, okuzoqinisa isihlahla ngaphambi kokushona. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukufaka umanyolo weTui Smaragd kubalulekile ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokukhula kanye nokwakheka kwezimpande. Umuthi omdala awudingi ukugqoka okungeziwe.
Ngemuva kokubusika, ngo-Mashi-Ephreli, umanyolo obunzima "Kemira-universal" noma yimuphi omunye umanyolo wemithi ye-coniferous isetshenziswa. Emasontweni amabili kamuva, udinga ukwengeza enye ingxenye yokugqoka okufanayo (akudingeki ushintshe uhlobo lomanyolo!). Ekwindla, ngoSeptemba, engeza i-superphosphate (80-100 g nge-sq. M) enhlabathini noma e-potassium sulfate (50 g nge-sq. M). Kulesi sondlo sesicelo siphelile. Eminyakeni elandelayo, uma uthanda, ungondla umuthi nge-humus noma umquba (uma ngabe i-mulch ayengafakwa). Noma kunjalo, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela uma ukukhula kwehla, emva kokubanda ubusika noma lapho isitshalo sigula.
Ukudubula
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcoba i-thuja, njengoba nje ungafaki nje umqhele wesihlahla, kodwa futhi uyisusa ekuhlungeni okugula, okomile nokulimala. I-pruning yokuqala yenziwa ngemva kokubanda kwasebusika. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, umuthi uhlolwe ngokucophelela futhi unqunywe ngokuphelele wonke amahlumela abomile, abonakaliswe nezifo. Esikhathini esizayo, ukusika kungenziwa njalo eminyakeni emibili. Amahlumela anciphise owesithathu. Ukwengeza, eminyakeni yokuqala ukuthi kungcono ukwenza ukwakhiwa komqhele, uma ufuna ukunikeza thuja isimo esithile. Ukudubula akukwenzi nje kukhange kakhudlwana, kodwa futhi kunomthelela ekwakheni umqhele okhudlwana futhi kuphuthumise ukukhula komuthi.
Ukusetshenziswa kweTui "iSmaragd" kumklamo wezwe
Isihlahla se-Ornamental esasungulwa kuphela ukuze sisebenzise ku-landscape design. I-Thuja "I-Smaragd" inokuphakama okuphezulu kwamamitha ayi-1.5, okusho ukuthi ngokusekelwe kulo ungakha amahlaya namaqhinga weqembu, lapho umuthi uzosebenza njengesici sendawo. Ngaphezu kobuhle be-esthétique, i-hedges ye-thuja inesicelo esiwusizo: izihlahla zivikela othulini, umoya, futhi zithumele ingadi zibe yizindawo ezihlukene.
Uyazi? Amalungiselelo asekelwe ngosizo lwe-tui ukugqugquzela umsebenzi wezinhliziyo, ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wesimiso somzimba wamasosha omzimba nesisemkhatsini.
I-Thuja "I-Smaragd" ine-diameter yobubanzi obungamamitha ama-2, okusho ukuthi unethuba lokufaka yonke imiqondo yokudala, ukuguqula umuthi ojwayelekile ube kufane nenyoni noma isilwane esithile. Izinaliti ezinesisindo se-thuja zizobamba ngokuphelele ifomu hhayi unyaka owodwa. Ukwakha ubuningi obukhulu, i-thuja itshalwe ngezikhathi ezingama-70-80 cm emigqeni emibili. Ngonyaka wokuqala, umuthi awudingi ukusika. Mnike nje inkululeko yokukhula, ukusika kuphela amagatsha owomile aphukile. Ngonyaka wesibili nowesithathu udinga ukwenziwa komqhele. Ukudubula kanye ne-apical side amahlumela. Ayikho imfundo ekhethekile yokusika izihlahla, ngoba unikeza umuthi ifomu ofuna ukuyibona.
Kubalulekile! I-Thuy idinga ukunqunywa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukufezekisa ukulinganisa kanye nobunikazi.
Izihlahla eziqhubekayo ezenziweyo zenziwa ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma kulo lonke ihlobo. Iphuzu elibalulekile ukuthi phakathi nonyaka akunconywa ukuba uchithe ngaphezulu kwamakhophi amathathu.
Ukulwa nezilokazane nezifo ze-Smaragd tui
XIzitshalo zempi zinesici esisodwa: amahlamvu aqukethe amafutha ashubile futhi abalulekile avimbela izinambuzane eziningi. Kodwa-ke, lesi sici asikhululi isihlahla ezifweni nasezikhungweni ezithinta ama-coniferous cultures.
Kubalulekile! Ochwepheshe batusa ukuphalaza nge-fungicides izikhathi 2-3 ngonyaka ukugwema ukutheleleka.
Amagatsha aluhlaza. Isifo se-Fungal, esibonakala ngesimo se-yellow scales (yellowing "amahlamvu") ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Uma isikhathi singahlanganyeli ekwelapheni, lonke igatsha liyaba liphuzi futhi lifa. Amahlumela abathintekayo ngokushesha anqunywa futhi ashise. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, umuthi uvame ukuhlolwa futhi uthwetshwe amahlumela abathintekayo. Ngaphandle kokusika, isitshalo esibulalayo sidinga ukondliwa futhi sifafaze inhlabathi ezungeze isiqu nge-limestone. Ephakathi kwehlobo, ukuze kukhishwe ukuphindaphinda kwalesi sifo, i-thuja ifakwe ngesixazululo esingu-0.2% se- "Fundazol" nge-interval of days 14-15. Ukuqhutshwa kwezinkuni kwenziwa izinyanga ezingu-2-3.
I-Tuevaya isihlangu somngane. Kulesi simo, i-parasite i-fungus, kanye nenambuzane. Isivikeli sokungabonakali sifana nezilonda ezincane ezinemibala emnyama, okungaba khona esihlahleni somuthi noma emahlumela. Kungenzeka ukunquma ukutheleleka ngendwangu yamanga ngamabala amancane aphuzi kumahlumela. Lezi zinambuzane ziyingozi kakhulu, ngakho-ke udinga ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Kungcono ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali afana noRogor, Aktellik, Karbofos. Njengoba lesi sihlahla singasetshenziselwa ukudla, izinambuzane zokulinywa kwezinambuzane ngeke zikulimaze wena noma izingane zakho.
I-Tuevaya aphid. Le nkathazo ithinta cishe zonke izitshalo engadini, i-thuja ayihlukile. Ukuthola ama-apidi esitshalweni kulula: izinambuzane ezinombala obomvu, efafazwe ngothuli olumhlophe-wesiliva, unamathele emagqumeni kanye namahlumela. Ngaphandle kokulimala okuqondile, i-pad (ukukhishwa okumnandi) kwama-aphid iheha isobho, okwenza umonakalo owengeziwe emthini. Insect ingaxoshwa yizinambuzane, njenge: "Antio", "Karbofos", "Rogor", "Fitoverm", "Detsis". Spray isihlahla sidinga izikhathi ezimbili ukuthola umphumela oyifunayo.
Ukumisa amahlumela. Isizathu saleso sifo siwukuntuleka kwamaminerali, noma ukwephula ukuhamba kwezakhi ezivela emmpandeni kuze kube umqhele. Ngaphezu kokumisa amahlumela, umuntu angabona ukuphuza kwamaqabunga "bese ewa". Inkinga iqedwa ngokucubungula i-thuja ngamalungiselelo anethusi. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, emva kokuba umuthi uphuma ebusika. Uma inkinga iqhubeka, hlola uhlelo lwempande lomuthi ukulimala nokubola.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zesifo se-Tuman Smaragd:
- ukuchelela ngokweqile;
- ukwehluleka kokudla okunomsoco;
- ukushintshanisa umoya omncane emhlabathini;
- umanyolo obuningi;
- ukuntula ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ngamafungicides kanye nezinambuzane.
Izifo eziningi zibangelwa ukunakekelwa okungafanele. Umuthi oqinile uqobo ungakwazi ukugwinya lesi sifo noma ukuwuvimbela ukuba usakazeke. Ngakho-ke, ukunakekelwa okuhle - ukhiye we-TUI enempilo.
Vikela i-thuja encane ebusweni
Manje ake sikhulume ngendlela yokuvikela iSmaragd emakhazeni ebusika. Lolu hlobo lwe-thuja lungamelana namazinga okushisa kuze kube ngaphansi kuka-28 ° C, ngakho-ke udinga ukumboza umuthi kuphela uma ulindele amaqhwa aqinile kakhulu, noma ukuvikela amagatsha ashaqhamuka kusuka ekuqhekekeni ngaphansi kwesisindo seqhwa. I-Tuya igubungelwe izinto ezibonakalayo ezingekho okwakhiwe, ezingapheli kumswakama ophezulu, kodwa zidlula oksijini. Ungagcina amagatsha ekuqhekekeni ngokuwabopha ngentambo noma ngentambo. Izihlahla ezincane noma eziphansi zakha "izindlu" ezincane ezimboza i-burlap noma i-spunbond. Lapho lesi sitshalo sineminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala, isidingo sokukhosela siyanyamalala. Umuthi omdala ubekezelela ngisho namaqhwa anamandla kakhulu.
Uyazi? UThuja walethwa eYurophu esuka eCanada eminyakeni engama-30 ekhulwini le-XVI. Ukuthandana nomdlandla wezitshalo zezitshalo zenkosi yaseFrance uFrancis I wathinta ubungqabavu, ubuhle namandla okhuni olunamanzi. Wabiza ngokuthi "umuthi wokuphila."
Ukusika I-Tui "I-Smaragd"
Uthi "u-Smaragd" uvame ukusabalaliswa yi-cuttings. Njengoba ukuhlwanyela imbewu enhle kakhulu kunzima, ukuxhunyelelwa kuyindlela enengqondo kakhulu yokuzala i-tui. Ukusika kwe-thuja kunqunywe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokwakheka kweziqu. Ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nehlobo, ukusika akunconywa, njengoba isitshalo esincane singenaso isikhathi sokuthatha izimpande futhi akunakwenzeka ukusinda amaqhwa ebusika. I-Cuttings ku-cuttings ngamagatsha amaningana anama-12-14 cm ubude futhi angaba ngu-1-1.5 cm ububanzi. I-shoot is cut to 5 cm phansi bese uthatha engeni lika-45 °. Ngokulandelayo, unqume amagxolo ngaphansi kwesinqunjwana bese ususa wonke amahlamvu aso. Imifino kufanele ihlale kuphela phezulu kwesibhamu.
Ngemuva kokulungiselela, ama-cuttings abhapathizwa emgodini ngamanzi ukuze angalahlekelwa umswakama kakhulu. Lungisa ibhodlela lokutshala ama-cuttings bese uligcwalisa ngenhlanganisela elandelayo: isihlabathi, umquba / i-humus ne-vermiculite ngokulinganisela okulinganayo. Thela inhlabathi ebhodweni bese ucindezela kancane ukuze uqinise. Ngemuva kokulala, inhlabathi kumele ibe ngu-3-4 cm engenalutho ebhodweni. Yenza umgodi emhlabathini ngenduku yokhuni ukuze ubeke isikhala kamuva.
Ngemuva kokulungiswa kwe-substrate, isiqu kufanele sikhishwe emanzini bese siyeka isikhathi esithile. Ngemuva kwalokhu okutshalayo kufakwa ekukhuleni kwe-root stimulation hormone imizuzu embalwa.Khona-ke kufanele uyibeke ngokucophelela emgodini owenziwe emhlabathini ukuze i-stimulator yokukhula ingasusi kusukela phansi. Ungazikhohlwa ekugcineni ukugcoba inhlabathi bese ufaka ibhodlela endaweni efudumele lapho izithombo zingeke ziphazanyiswe yizingqikithi noma izinguquko ngokungazelelwe kokushisa. Sikulethele e-western westerner Smaragd, sanikeza incazelo emfushane yesitshalo se-coniferous, sifundise ukutshala nokusabalalisa nge-cuttings.
Ekuphetheni, singathanda ukunaka izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-ornamental thuja:
- Ukumelana nesithwathwa;
- Ukubekezelelana ngokomoya;
- Ukumelana nomoya nomhlabathi owomile;
- Igama lokuphila liyiminyaka engamakhulu amabili;
- Kulula ukunakekelwa.
Manje uyazi ukuthi yini iSamaragd thuja nokuthi ingayikhulisa kanjani esakhiweni sensimu.
