I-Gerbera iyinsimu enhle yezimbali ezivame ukushiya noma ubani ongenandaba. Abantu abaningi baphupha ngokuba nalesi sitshalo esingenakuqhathaniswa emafasiteleni abo, kodwa ezitolo zezimbali kuyabiza kakhulu.
Indlela yokukhulisa lezi zimbali ezimangalisayo ze-gerbera ekhaya kusuka enzalweni? Kungenzeka yini ukukhula? Impendulo nguyebo, uma wazi imithetho ye-agrotechnics yesitshalo. Isibonelo, imbali ayibekezelelisi ngokweqile, inhlabathi enzima, umanyolo ophilayo, ukusifiphaza phezulu, njalonjalo.
Cabanga ngamaphuzu aphambili ezitshalo ezikhulayo kusuka enzalweni. Bona futhi ividiyo ewusizo esihlokweni.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ngokuvamile emva kokutshala izihlahla ziqala ukwanda, kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningana:
- Imbewu - ayisebenzisi kangako, ikakhulukazi uma ingadi Gerbera, ngoba ithatha izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 kusukela ngesikhathi imbewu isitshala kuze kuvele amaqabunga kuqala. Kodwa uma uhlwanyela izithombo ngoJanuwari, bese ngo-Agasti ungathola isitshalo esimnandi kakhulu.
- Uhlukanisa isihlahla - Kulesi simo, khetha isitshalo seminyaka emine. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze esikhungweni ngasinye kukhona amaphuzu amabili okukhula asele, ngaphandle kwalokho amahlathi angase afe.
- Cuttings - unqume ingxenye ye-stem, okufanele ibe amaqabunga amabili futhi utshalwe emhlabathini. Ukushisa kwelanga okungaphansi kuka-+20 degrees. Ukuze inqubo ye-rooting ihambe ngokushesha, udinga ukumboza nge-can noma ibhodlela lepulasitiki elinqunyiwe.
Indlela yokusakaza i-Gerbera nendlela yokumnakekela ekhaya, funda lapha.
Izinto zokutshala
Imbewu yesitshalo inomumo owenziwe nge-tassel encane endaweni, isayizi encane. Igramu eyodwa iqukethe ama-pc 300-500.
I-Gerbera ayiyona isitshalo se-self-pollinated.Ngakho-ke, ukuze uthole imbewu embali, kuyadingeka ukuba kwenziwe impova yokufakelwa emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokukhala. Impova ikhula ngokushesha futhi igcinwe izinsuku ezingu-100.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuze ulondoloze izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, izitshalo zesilisa nabesifazane kufanele zibe nezinhlobo ezifanayo, ngaphandle kwalokho ungathola isitshalo ngezici ezihluke ngokuphelele. Umphumela awunakulinganiswa, imbewu ephumela kunganika isitshalo esihluke ngokuphelele ngokwezimpawu.
Uma sesivuthiwe futhi sizokuqoqa kanjani?
Ngemuva kokuvuthwa okuphumelelayo, imbewu yesitshalo izobe isilungele ukuvunwa ngenyanga, ngokushesha nje phakathi kwembali kufakazela. Hlukanisa imbali bese uphuma imbewu. Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula lokho imbewu igcina ukuhluma kahle izinyanga eziyisithupha kuphela kusukela ngesikhathi sokuqoqwa, ngalesi sikhathi kudingeka badalwe emhlabathini. Intengo incike enani lembewu esikhwameni. Isibonelo, ama-pcs angu-25. - ama-ruble angu-80, nama-pcs angu-10. - 0t kuya ku-40.
Kubalulekile: Uma uthenga, bheka isikhathi sokufaka imbewu, uma sekuyizinyanga ezingaphezu kwengu-6, akufanele uthenge imbewu enjalo, izinga lokuhluma liphansi kakhulu.
Izici zokukhula
Ukuze ukhule isitshalo esihle, esinamandla kusuka enzalweni ezokujabulisa nge-friendly friendly, udinga ukwazi ama-nuances okutshala nokunakekelwa okulandelayo. Okufanele kugwenywe lapho sikhula i-Gerberas ezimbizeni, sitshele kule ndaba.
Izinsuku zokutshala
Ungahlwanyela imbewu nganoma isiphi isikhathi, kusukela ngesikhathi sokuqoqa imbewu.. Kodwa, ukuze kungavumelani nemvelo nama-biorhythms esitshalo, ibhande kufanele lenze ukutshala kwentwasahlobo. Ukulungiselela ukulima: inhlabathi nembewu.
Ukulungiswa komhlaba
I-Gerberas ithande inhlabathi enomdabu futhi elula, elungiselelwe kusuka ezingxenyeni ezimbili zamaqabunga ama-humus, izingxenye ezimbili ze-peat kanye nengxenye eyodwa yomfula, isihlabathi esihlanjwe. Kulesi simo, inhlabathi kufanele ingathathi hlangothi noma i-acidic kancane. Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi ayinqunyelwe i-disinfected ngokuchitha isixazululo se-potassium permanganate, izinga lokushisa okungama-+50 degrees. Ukuze ulungiselele imbewu, akudingeki wenze noma yini, bahlwanyela ngaphandle kokugcoba, futhi akudingeki kusetshenzwe.
Imithetho yokufika
Imbewu yemifino incane kakhulu, futhi ayidingi ukujula kakhulu enhlabathini., bafafaze nje phezulu bese ufafaza i-peat. Inhlabathi kumele ibe semanzi. Ukuze kuhlume ngokushesha, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngezinto zokutshala ngezimo ezithile, ukudala umphumela wokushisa.
Ukwenza lokhu, faka isitsha ngesilazi noma ifilimu. Amahlumela okuqala azovela ngesonto, kodwa nsuku zonke udinga ukususa izinto zokumboza ukuphuza umoya. Lapho nje imbewu ihluma, ingilazi isusiwe.
Ukushisa okuhle kokuhluma kungama-+20 degrees. I-Gerberas ingahlwanyelwa emgodini omncane, noma ngezimbiza ezihlukene ze-peat, kuyoba kuhle kakhulu, ngoba ukufakelwa okulandelwayo embizeni akulimazi uhlelo lwempande.
Buka ividiyo mayelana nokutshala imbewu ye-gerbera:
Ukukhethwa kwekhasi
Ngokushesha lapho amaqabunga amathathu eqiniso evela ku-Gerbera izithombo, angatshalwa embizeni ehlukile. Ibhodlela alithathi likhulu - uma isitshalo sinesikhala esiningi, singase singaqhakaza.
I-seedling ifakwa ebhodini lobumba lobu 700 ml. Kufanele kubekwe ungqimba omkhulu wamanzi ngaphansi kwembiza..
Ibhodi: Naphezu kokuthi iGerber izokhula kahle esitsheni sebumba, kuyinto engcono kakhulu ukuyifaka embizeni yepulasitiki, ngoba kuyokwazi ukuphuza isitshalo epanini.
Ukunakekela imbali yangaphakathi
Ukuze isitshalo esinempilo nesimbali sikhule, udinga ukulandela imithetho ethile yokunakekelwa:
- Isitshalo esigabeni sokukhula okusebenzayo kufanele siqinisekise ukushisa okunethezeka - ama-18-24 degrees. Ngokushesha nje lapho iGerbera iqala isikhathi sokuphumula, ngemuva kokuphela kwezimbali, idluliselwa endaweni epholile ngokushisa kwama-degree angu-14.
- Lapho ekhula izithombo ebusika, udinga ukunikeza ukukhanya okungeziwe. Uma lesi sitshalo singekho ukukhanya, ama-saplings azokwelula futhi abe buthakathaka.
- Ngokushesha nje lapho lesi sitshalo siqhakaza, sinikwe usuku lokukhanya ngehora lesi-12. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iGerbera iqhuma ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, lapho ilanga liqala ukwehla. Lesi sitshalo sithandana futhi siphenduka kakhulu ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Ufuna ukukhulisa izimbali ebusika - ukunikeza ukukhanya okuhle, kuyilapho ukukhanya kufanele kufudumele.
Isikhathi sokuphumula sifike esikhathini lapho lesi sitshalo saphela ukuqhuma futhi sihlala izinyanga ezingu-3-4.- Ukuze isitshalo sibaluleke kakhulu umswakama emoyeni. Kodwa awukwazi ukukhipha i-Gerber ngamanzi - ukutheleleka kwe-fungal kuvela. Ukuze kuvuselele umoya, amanzi aphilisiwe azungeze isitshalo, noma amatshe athululelwe epanini futhi amanzi athululelwe kulo, okungafanele akuthinte phansi ebhodweni.
- Khiqizwa kanje: - ubeke izimbiza ngesitshalo emanzini imizuzu engu-10, bese ubuyela emahlathini.
- I-Gerbera idinga ukufakelwa njalo ngonyaka emgodini ozoba yi-1-2 cm ngaphezu kweyaphambilini. Uma uthenga ingxube inhlabathi esitolo, ukhetha inhlabathi yokutshala ama roses (kanjani futhi nini ukufakelwa i-Gerbera ngemuva kokuthenga?).
- 2 amasonto emva kokufakelwa izithombo, ungaqala ukudla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa kuphela umanyolo obunzima wamaminerali wezitshalo zezimbali. Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, ukukhulelwa kwenziwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-14.
- Uma inhlabathi yokutshala ilungiselelwe ngendlela efanele, khona-ke inani elidingekayo le-nitrogen umanyolo wesitshalo likhona kulo. Uma upheqa iGerbera, khona-ke kuzoqala ukwakha ubukhulu obuluhlaza futhi ngeke buqhakaze (ungathola ukuthi kungani iGerberas ingaqhakazi nokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani lapha).
- Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula, kubalulekile ukunikeza isitshalo ngezimo ezikhululekile. Nciphisa ukuchelela okungenani, ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa libe ngu-+14 degrees. Ukunisela kuyadingeka lapho ungqimba oluphezulu lwe-coma loma. Ukudla ngalesi sikhathi akukwenziwa.
Isikhathi sokuphumula sifike esikhathini lapho lesi sitshalo saphela ukuqhuma futhi sihlala izinyanga ezingu-3-4.Ukunisela
Lesi sitshalo sithandwa ngumswakama, futhi sidinga ukuchelela okwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. Kodwa ukwenza inhlanzi ebhodweni akudingekile. I-Gerbera iyadingeka ukufaka amanzi kuphela nge-pan, njengoba amanzi kanye nezihlahla ezihlathini zingabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ze-fungal (indlela yokubona nokwelapha izifo ze-gerbera, funda lapha). Kufanele futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuchelela kwenziwa kuphela ngamanzi afudumele. I-cold liquid ingabangela ukubola kwezimpande nokusabalala kwefungus.
Indlela yokuphuza amahlumela amancane?
Izithombo ziphuziswa kancane, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo azivumeli iwashi lebumba liwe. Ukuthutha akufanele kufinyelele ezitshalweni, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa i-syringe noma i-syringe bese uphazamisa amanzi ngqo emhlabathini. Ngokuvamile abalimi abanolwazi basebenzisa i-steamer endala yokunisela.
Isiphetho
I-Gerbera iyinkimbinkimbi ephumelela kakhulu, okuyinto yesihlanu ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwensimu, izitshalo zezimbali. Engavamile, ekhanyayo, enhle, ingahlobisa noma yikuphi ukungaphakathi, futhi mayelana neqiniso lokuthi iqhuma ekwindla yenza kube lula nakakhulu kubathandi bembali. Uma ukhula imbali ezivela enzalweni, noma ubani angathola injabulo enkulu, hhayi kuphela ekutholeni okutholiwe, kodwa futhi kusukela enkambisweni. Kuyinto ejabulisayo ukubuka ama-saplings ekhula, ephenduka isitshalo esimnandi kakhulu.
