IMuraiya (Murraya) - isitshalo esinezimbali ezinamakha amhlophe qhwa kanye nokunambitheka kwezithelo okucebile. Lapho isiko laqhamuka khona, ukuthi ziphi izakhiwo zalo, luhlobo luni, linjani ukutshala nokuthi yini ukunakekelwa kukaMurraya ekhaya - ngezansi esihlokweni.
UMurraya: Incazelo
UMuraiya ungummeleli ocacile womndeni wakwaRutov, ophathelene nezihlahla nezihlahla zombili. Ungayibona eNdiya naseCentral Africa. Inezinhlobonhlobo eziningi. Ukunakekelwa kulula ngokuhlala kahle nokubuka izimo zokushisa, ukukhanyisa nokunisela.
Imbali kaMuraya
Umsuka nokuvela kwesitshalo iMuraya
Kuyinto isiqu, isihlobo sikalamula ne-mandarin. Lesi sitshalo satholakala okokuqala ngekhulu le-18. Izazi zemvelo zaseSweden eHimalaya. Ibizwa ngegama likaMurray, usosayensi owathola ikhophi lokuqala.
Ngemininingwane! IMuraiya isitshalo esishisayo, endaweni yaso yemvelo singabonakala eSumatra naseTaiwan. Ikhula futhi eChina, eNdiya naseNepal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ezwenikazi lase-Australia.
Ukubukeka ngeke kushiye noma ngubani ongenandaba: isitshalo esiluhlaza esingamamitha amabili ngemisipha emincane embozwe ngamagxolo ansundu, anamaqabunga abushelelezi acwebezelayo. Eqabungeni ngalinye kunezinhlamvu, ezithi entwasahlobo ziphenduke izimbali ezinamaqabunga amhlophe qhwa ezinemiphetho embozwe iphunga lejasmine. Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, izithelo ezibomvu ze-muraya zivela ezimbali, zimbozwe nge-peel orange. Ngaphakathi ngakunye kukhona ithambo eliphuzi.
Isihlahla Sababusi BaseJapan
IMuraiya ibizwa ngokuthi isihlahla samakhosi aseJapan, ngoba kusukela ekuqaleni kombuso eJapan, amaqabunga nezimbali zesitshalo zazisetshenziselwa ukwelapha. Iqabunga ngalinye le-muraya liyasebenziseka. Kulawa, ama-tinctures ane-decoctions alungiswa, lapho kuphela abameleli bendlu yobukhosi baseJapan ababevunyelwe ukuphuza ukwandisa izimfanelo zomuntu ezifihliwe. Isiphuzo sombuso sithuthukise amandla ocansi kanye namandla wesilisa. Imizamo yokuthatha imbewu iye nayo ekhaya futhi izame ukukhulisa i-murraya ekhaya yaphela ngokunqunywa.
Tshala imbali
UMuraya - imbali yangaphakathi. Ama-buds wesitshalo ane-white-white noma milky hue. Kubonakala ngenani lama-10 kuya kwayi-15 ama-PC. futhi ukhule ngamabhulashi. Ububanzi bezimbali bungamasentimitha ayi-2. Ngaphakathi kuleso naleso kukhona ama-stamens aphuzi, okusikhumbuza izimbali ze-jasmine ngephunga.
Ukubukeka kwezimbali
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-muraya
AmaBotanists achaze izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-10 zentyatyambo ekhethekile, kepha namuhla kunezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela ezaziwa njengezasekhaya - paniculata neKoenig.
Izinhlobo zezimbali ezithandwa kakhulu:
UMurraya paniculata
Izinhlobo ezifuywe ngqo ukuzalaniswa kwasekhaya. Amaqabunga amancane kuneKoenig futhi afinyelela ku-12 cm ubude.lelo nalelo linamapuleti ayi-11. Izimbali zinombala okhilimu. Izithelo zikaMurraya paniclet ngombala obomvu. Kubhekiselwa kwizitshalo ezimbala.
Nakani! Ukuphakama kwembali evuthiwe kungama-50 cm.
I-Muraya Paniculata (Murraya Paniculata)
IMuraiya paniculata iyona efanayo paniculata muraiya. Kwakhiwa isihlahla, isihlahla esimfushane noma njenge-bonsai. Ukugqama kwezinhlobo yiphunga elinamandla, elisetshenziswa kuwo wonke umhlaba ekuphekeni nasezimonyo. ENdiya, isithokelo senziwe kuyo. I-Murraya paniculata njenge -planethi engathandeki yendlu, idinga ukuthambisa okuningi nokukhanya okuningi.
UMuraya onezithelo ezimnyama Koenig
Uhlobo lwesibili lwe-muraya, olusetshenziswa njenge -planethi yendlu. Indawo ehlala kuyo iziqhingi zoLwandlekazi iPacific. Ngokubukeka, iKeniga muraya enezithelo ezimnyama isihlahla esiluhlaza esinezimbali ezinamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani namagatsha angwevu. Iqhakaza izimbali ezimhlophe qhwa. Ihluka ngokusaba ngosayizi nombala wezithelo. U-Koenig ufinyelela ku-40 cm, izithelo zimnyama.
I-Muraya Exotica (Murraya Exotica)
I-Muraia exotic yehlukile ezinhlotsheni ezethulwe ngenhla kwimvelaphi yayo, inani lama blooms kuyo yonke impilo nenani lamaqabunga eqenjini (amaDashi anamaqabunga ayi-11). Elinye igama lezinhlobo imbali yaseDashi.
UMuraya exotic
Ukufakelwa kukaMuraya ngemuva kokuthenga ebhodweni
Udinga ukufakela imbali inhlabathi enomswakama omncane, ohlanganisa inhlabathi nesihlabathi eshidi. Isitsha sembewu ekhulayo kumele simbozwe ngengilazi bese sibekwa elangeni. Ukudluliselwa kwamahlumela amancane kwenzeka inyanga ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela amancane. Qiniseka ukuthi ubheka iqiniso lokuthi akufanele kube nokushintshwa okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa, ngaphandle kwalokho imbali izokufa.
Nakani! Ukudlulisa i-murayu kusebhodweni elikhulu ngo-5- 10 cm ububanzi kuneliyaledlule nangamazinga okushisa ayi-15- 20 ° C
Okudingayo kokwehla
Ngokuchazwa kweMurraya kukhonjiswa ukuthi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokuphelele futhi kube nezimbali ezifika ngesikhathi, kubalulekile ukunakekela inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala. Umhlabathi omuhle kakhulu uvele futhi ugcwele izithasiselo ze-organic ezine-acidity kuze kufike ku-7.5 pH. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthenga inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo esitolo, kufanele ukhethe okhethekile wezithelo zomawolintshi. Kulokhu, kufanele wengeze i-vermiculite - into yokwandisa ubumbano lomhlaba.
Uma ufuna, ungadala inhlabathi yesitshalo ngezandla zakho, ungathengi okwenziwe ngomumo. Kwakhiwa ngokuxuba:
- umhlaba neqabunga le-turf;
- humus;
- isihlabathi esihlanganayo.
Kubalulekile! Ingxenye yezingxenye yilesi 2: 2: 2: 1. Ungqimba lwamanzi ngendlela yobumba olwandisiwe namatshe amatshe amancane ubekwa phansi.
Ngokuqondene namanzi, udinga ukuwunisela ngamanzi ahleliwe ekushiseni kwegumbi.
Ukukhetha indawo enhle kakhulu
Ukuze imbali ikhule ngendlela evamile, udinga ukukhetha imbiza efanele. Ububanzi bayo kufanele bube bukhulu ngamasentimitha ambalwa kweyedlule. Ukudla imbiza enkulu kakhulu futhi akudingekile ukuba uthathe, ngoba amanzi ayoqwabelana ngaphansi kwezimpande, okuzoholela ekubolweni kwawo. Ngokuqondene nendawo yokutshala, i-windowsill, ekhanyiswe kahle yilanga, iyafaneleka.
Inqubo yesinyathelo sokufika
Inqubo-nyathelo yenqubo yokutshala isitshalo ebhodweni ifaka lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Ukulungiswa kwembiza, inhlabathi evundiswe kahle, kuxazululwe amanzi afudumele futhi kulungiswe noma kuthengwe izithombo.
- Ukuvula umhlabathi, kususwe inhlabathi engaphezulu nokunisela okuchichimayo.
- Ukufakelwa kwezimbali okucocekile kanye nomhlaba lapho kwakukhula khona ngaphambili.
- Powder nge ungqimba omusha womhlaba nokwenziwa okuncane komhlaba.
Isimo esibalulekile sokutshala okufanele indawo yomsamo wohlelo lwezimpande. Into esemqoka ukuvikela ukujula ngokweqile kwezimpande emhlabathini, ngaphandle kwalokho umbuzo uzovela ukuthi kungani imbali ye-muraiya ingaqhakaza.
Ukufakelwa kwe-muraya
Ukusakazwa kwe-Murai
UMuraya angazala esebenzisa imbewu nokusika. Abalimi be-Amateur bayazi ukuthi le ndlela yokugcina ayithembekile ukwedlula eyokuqala, ngoba akuyona yonke imbewu ezokhula, futhi uma ikhula, akulona iqiniso ukuthi bayosinda.
Ukusakazwa ngokusika
Ukusakaza imbali ngokusika, udinga:
- thatha ihlumela elivuthiwe kakhulu bese ulinquma ngesigamu;
- ukuyisiphula enhlabathini we-potanganum permanganate enhlabathini noma emanzini emi.
Isiqu sikhula ngemuva kwenyanga. Ngemuva kwalokhu, kuvela amaqabunga kanye nezithombo ezigcwele, ezidinga ukuthululiselwa ebhodweni.
Ukutshala imbewu
Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthenga imbewu esitolo noma ukuyiqoqa kwenye imbali ngokwakho, bese uyibeka emhlabathini futhi ikhuthale amanzi lapho komile. Amahlumela avela enyangeni emazingeni okushisa angama-25 ° C.
Khula imbali kusuka ezinhlanyelweni
UMuraya: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abaningi bathi i-muraya izitshalo ezi-moody, akayilethi izidingo ezikhethekile zokunakekelwa. Kuyadingeka ukulandela imithetho ethile yokunisela, yokugqoka ephezulu kanye nezimo zokushisa, ukuze isihlahla esihle nesinempilo sikhule.
Imodi yokunisela
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwesitshalo, kubalulekile ukusinikeza ngokunisela njalo ngamanzi ahlanziwe noma ahleliwe. Lapho kufika amakhaza, imvamisa yokunisela kufanele incishiswe kakhulu. Esikhathini sokuphumula, ungamisa ngokuphelele.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Udinga ukondla lesi sitshalo ngomanyolo wamaminerali nowokuphilayo kusuka ngoMashi kuya kuSepthemba. Lesi yisikhathi lapho lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokuzikhandla futhi siqhakaza, bese sinikeza izithelo. Ukondla kufanele kwenziwe kanye ngenyanga. Ungakhulula futhi ungeze izengezo ezikhethekile ezithengiswa esitolo sezitshalo zezithelo zomanyolo enhlabathini, noma ungazenza ngokwakho. Ukusuka ekugqokeni phezulu kwamaminerali, kungcono ukhethe i-urea noma i-urea ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen, futhi kusuka ku-organic - kuya umquba noma inkukhu eyehlayo.
Nakani! Akunakwenzeka ukuhlanganisa womanyolo bobabili ndawonye. Ukufakwa kwabo kufanele kube kancane kancane. Umehluko wesikhathi izinsuku eziyi-10.
Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, akunakwenzeka ukondla isitshalo se-citrus. Ngeke ithathwe yi-muraya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, awukwazi ukufaka umquba imbali uma igula ngokuthile. Izithako zisetshenziselwa umhlabathi omanzi omncane.
Ukunakekelwa kukaMuraya
Izici zokunakekelwa ngesikhathi sezimbali
Izimbali zenzeka ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ngemuva kokudlulisela imbali embizeni engapheli. Ukunakekelwa ngalesi sikhathi kufanele kuthuthukiswe. Kuyadingeka ukukhipha amaqabunga okuqala ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, ukufaka umanyolo ngenkuthalo ngenhlabathi nangezithasiselo ze-organic kanye nezezimbiwa, futhi nokubheka isimo jikelele. Uma amaqabunga eqala ukubuna, udinga ukuzama ukuhambisa isitshalo siyise kwenye indawo, sinisela ngamanye amanzi.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukunakekelwa kunembile, izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe zizovela entwasahlobo, bese ehlobo amajikijolo ayobe egcwele obomvu noma omnyama.
Izici zokunakekelwa ekuphumuleni
Imbali ayinaso isikhathi sokuphumula esimisiwe. Ngokusho kwabalimi, kuqhubeka kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuFebhuwari, yize isikhathi singashintshwa. UMuraiya akayona into engenabungozi ngokuyeka emsebenzini ngesikhathi sokuphumula kwakhe. Ngalesi sikhathi, akukho ukugqoka okuphezulu okudingekayo, kwanele ukunikeza ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo, ukubeka imbiza endaweni ekhanyayo kepha hhayi elangeni.
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Ubusika beMuraya pawindew eliseningizimu, ngaphandle kokuthinta amaqabunga ngengilazi ebandayo. Ukuze ukwandise ngokwenziwe amahora okukhanya kwemini, uzodinga ukukhanyisa isibani se-ultraviolet.
UMuraya ebusika
Amacembe amaMurai ajika aphuzi: ukuthi enzeni
Amacembe angaphenduka aphuzi uma inhlabathi ine-alkalinity ephezulu noma kungekho zakhi zokulandela kuwo ezilusizo. Futhi, lesi sitshalo silahla amaqabunga ngenxa yokwehla okushisa okubukhali, ukuguga kwemvelo, ukuntuleka kokunisela okwanele, ukugcwala ngokweqile kokufaka umquba, ukunakekelwa okungafanele. Isitshalo singaphenduka siphuzi, siwe bese siphonsa amaqabunga ngenxa yokufakelwa okungafanele, ngokwesibonelo, ebhodweni elivulekile kakhulu. Ukuphuzi kwamaqabunga kungenzeka ngenxa yesenzo se-chlorosis (isifo esivamile sezihlahla).
Ukuze isitshalo singalimazi, kudingeka unikeze ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela ngamanzi emi, ubheke izithasiselo ezizuzisayo zokungabikho kwe-chlorine ekwakhiweni.
Ngokuvamile, isitshalo se-citrus exotic sinokuhlobisa noma yiliphi igumbi ngokubukeka kwalo. Akunzima ukuyinakekela, into esemqoka ukuthi uyitshale ebhodweni elikhulu, uyinisele ngesikhathi bese wenza izindlela zokuvimbela izifo, kungenjalo ingalahlekelwa ngamaqabunga ayo amahle nezimbali.
