Imfucumfucu yemibala ye Mix Mix yase-begonia yase-subtropical. Indlela yokukhula nokunakekela imbali?

Njengamanje, i-begonia ibhekwa njengesitshalo esivame kakhulu ngaphakathi. Le ntwasahlobo ehlotshanisa izimbali idonsela abalimi bezimbali ngamaqabunga angewona asezingeni elijwayelekile kanye nokuqhuma kwemibala. Ukuze ubathande, bheka nje. Uma kungekho isitshalo esinjalo kuqoqo lakho okwamanje, lokhu kufanele kulungiswe.

I-Begonia iyinhlobo yezitshalo zomndeni wakwaBegonese, ezinama-1600 ezinhlobo. Izinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene zinezimo ezihlukile, ubukhulu, imibala yezimbali kanye nezintandokazi. Emndenini kunezinsuku ezihlala njalo nezinyaka, ezimelelwa izitshalo ezincelisayo, izihlahla ezincane nezihlahla ezigcwele.

Indawo yase-Afrika. Kwakusuka lapho ukusabalalisa kwaqala eMelika, e-Asia, nakamuva emhlabeni jikelele. Amasiko ajabulela udumo olufanele phakathi kwabalimi bethu ngenxa yomphumela walo wokuhlobisa.

Umlando wokubukeka

Ngokokuqala ngqa lobu buhle batholwa umpristi uCharles Plume ngekhulu le-17. Wayengelungu lohambo lokuya e-Antilles. Ngokuphelele, lo monk wathola cishe abameleli abangu-6 besitshalo esimangalisayo, ebiza udumo lomngani kanye nombusi wesiqhingi, uMichel Begon, owahlela lolu cwaningo.

Kusukela ukutholakala kwezinhlobo zokuqala ze-begonia, uye wahlushwa ukukhethwa nokukhethwa okuqhubekayo. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo ze-hybride, eziningi zazo ezenziwa eBelgium. Ezitolo ezikhethekile ungathola ngokuvamile i-Begonia Terry Mix.

Izici zokubukeka

Ukuhluma isikhwama (mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zaseBermonia zingatholakala lapha). Isistimu yezimpande ezithuthukile kahle. I-Tuberous begonia ingakhula ensimini evulekile.

Amahlamvu aluhlaza ajwayelekile, iqabunga ngokwawo linomumo olinganiselwe ngamaphethelo ahlangene. Imbali inkulu, efana ne-rose encane. Ukuxuba i-Blooming begonia ine-terry efihlekile yezimbali ezibomvu, eziphuzi, ezibomvu, ezimhlophe noma emngceleni we-shades ehlukahlukene emaphethelweni amacembe. Ukubukwa kwazo zonke izinhlobonhlobo ezinamaqabunga abomvu obomvu kungatholakala kulesi sihloko, futhi lapha sikhuluma ngezinhlobo zezitshalo ezinezimbali eziphuzi.

Izimbali zivela ehlobo ngekwindla, igumbi laseB begonia liyakwazi ukuqhakaza kuze kube sekuqaleni kwebusika.

Isithombe

Okulandelayo esithombeni ungabona ukuthi imbali ibonakala kanjani.

Kuphi futhi kanjani ukutshala?

Qala ukutshala okuhle ngoMashi, khona-ke ama-blooms amahle kakhulu azowa ngenkathi efudumele yasehlobo. Kungcono ukukhetha izinto zobumba nezimbiza ze-ceramic, zivumela izimpande ukuba zigcwale umoya-mpilo.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokutshala i-Begonia Mix:

1. Uma uzotshala i-begonia nge-rhizome, ungavuni amandla amaningi. Okufanelekile, kufanele kube ngaphezulu kwamasentimitha angu-4 ububanzi bezimpande. Ukukhetha ibhodwe elikhulu kakhulu, imbali izohlupheka ngenxa yokunyuka komswakama.

   Ukutshala ebhodweni kwenziwa, kanye nokufakelwa kabusha, entwasahlobo. Ingxenye yetanki igcwele amanzi. Lokhu kulandelwa ngamalahle, okusiza ukuvimbela inqubo yokubola. Ngemuva kokudingekile ukuxuba inhlabathi enezivikelo nge humus, isihlabathi kanye peat.

   Kumele kukhunjulwe, isitshalo esincane asibekezeleli ukwanda kwe-acidity yenhlabathi, kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-5.5 pH. Ukutshala izitshalo kuthatha okuhle. Phakathi neminyaka, iBegonia ikhula kakhulu, ikhula amaqabunga amaningi. Abafisi bezimbali bavame ukuhlanganiswa noma ukuvuselelwa ngokuhlukanisa ama-rhizomes.

2. Ngokuba izilimo eziyizigaxa zokutshala indlela, ukuhluma kuyadingeka kuqala. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokutshala endaweni evumbile yevithamini, equkethe imbali ekukhanyeni emswakama ophezulu kanye nokushisa kwe-18 ° C. Ukunisela kungcono ukuhlela epanini, ukuqeda ingress yamanzi endaweni yokudla emzimbeni we-tuber. Ngemuva kokuhluma, batshalwa embizeni.

   Kulindele ukubukeka kwefihlekile, ungahlukanisa ngokuphepha izilimo eziyizigaxa zibe ngamasheya amaningana. Hlukanisa izingxenye ezomile, ufafaze amalahle uphinde utshale ezimbizeni. Ukuhlela ukutshala kwe-tuber ekupheleni kukaMashi, lesi sikhathi yisikhathi esihle kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni isitshalo esinamandla nesinamandla.

Ukukhanyisa nendawo

I-Begonia - imbali ethandekayo. Ungumthandi wokukhanyisa okukhanyayo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo asibekezeleli ilanga eliqondile. Kungcono ukubeka ibhodlela efasiteleni ukusuka eningizimu-ntshonalanga noma eningizimu-mpumalanga, ukugwema amafasitela asenyakatho.

Ukudonsa lesi sitshalo kusho ngokutholakala okuncane okwenziwe ilanga. Ngokuphela kokukhula kanye nokubonakaliswa kwamabala emaqabunga - kubalulekile ukuhlela kabusha ibhodlela ngokuqhubekayo kusuka efasiteleni.

Ukukhanyisa okuyiqiniso ngempela kuhlinzeka ngokusebenzisa izibani nezibani zezibani. Kwanele ukuvula izikhanyisi ngamahora angu-12-14 ngosuku. Umthombo wokukhanya kufanele ube ngaphezu kwendawo yembali.

Isikhathi sokuthenga i-terry mix kanye nokuthutha kuthinta kakhulu ukujwayela endaweni entsha yokuhlala. Kunconywa ukuba ungaqali i-begonia endaweni ebandayo nebandayo, kuyingozi ukuba ungasindisi ukushisa okusheshayo phakathi komgwaqo nendlu.

Inhlabathi efanelekayo

Ukuze kusetshenziswe ifulethini kudingekile ukusebenzisa ingxube engenamhlabathi. Ukubunjwa kwenza kube lula ukungena kwezakhi ezisuka ku-substrate kuya ezimpandeni. Izingxube eziningi ezingenasici zikhonjiswa nge-perlite noma i-vermiculite eyengeziwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-peat kuvame ukungaboni kahle. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziselwa, hlaziya i-component ngamanzi abilayo, unciphisa indaba. Faka isicelo ngemuva kokupholisa.

Kuphikisana nokusebenzisa amafomu ajwayelekile, isibonelo, humus noma iqabunga lomhlaba. Ukuvuna kuphuthelwa kabi amanzi, okuholela esimweni sezifo.

Ukwakhiwa okuyisibonelo somhlabathi wokutshala i-begonia: isihlabathi, i-peat kanye nomhlabathi omnyama ngokulinganisela okulingana, kukhona izingxenye ezimbili zomhlabathi ohlaza.

Ukunakekelwa ekhaya

• Ukunisela Ukuphuza i-begonias batusa ukuthuthukiswa noma okuphakathi - kuye ngokuthi isikhathi sonyaka. Ngezinsuku zasehlobo, imbali idinga umswakama owengeziwe; ezinyangeni ezibandayo, inani lokuchelela lilinganiselwe kancane. Ukweqile nokuntuleka komswakama kubangela imiphumela emibi.

  Inqubo elandelayo inconywa ukuba iqale lapho inhlabathi idla ngo-2 cm.

  Amanzi akufanele ahlasele, kudingekile ukuthi asebenzise amanzi ahlanzekile noma ahlanjululwe, cishe afana nokushisa kwomoya ekamelweni.

  Isitshalo sakho sizokwazisa lapho izimo ezikhululekile zizogcwaliseka, futhi uma imodi yokunisela kufanele ishintshwe. Ukunakekelwa okucophelela kufanele kukhokhwe izinga lemanzi asetshenziselwa ukuhambisa i-terry begonia. Amanzi okupompi akufanelekile ukuthatha, ngoba akwanele ngokwanele nge-chlorine.

• Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kusetshenziswe kabili ngenyanga, kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhlelwa kwebhodlela futhi phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokubhakabhaka. Lithinta abamele ukuhlobisa-izimbali. Ukuze kutholakale izinhlobo zamahlamvu, ama-nitrogen-free mixings ayadingeka, ngoba le micronutrient iyashesha ukuthuthukiswa kwamagatsha, inciphise inqubo yezimbali.

  Uma ungafaki ukufaka umanyolo, amaqabunga azophela, lesi sitshalo sizophela. Ama-buds azoba amancane, isikhathi sokumbali sifushane.

• Khulisa. Ukunciphisa izihlahla, izitshalo zilahlekelwa masinyane ekukhangeni kwazo: i-elongate, i-stem evezwe, izimbali namaqabunga azoba madlanzana kakhulu. Ukuze uthole imbali ekhangayo, udinga ukuloba i-begonias ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Inqubo yenziwa entwasahlobo ngokusho kwepulani elingenhla:
  1. Uma imbali ifinyelela ukuphakama kwe-7-8 cm, phonsa ithiphu, okuzokwenza ukukhula kwezinqubo ze-lateral.
  2. Ifika ku-10 cm, izinqubo ze-lateral zamagatsha eziphezulu. Ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa kwamagatsha amasha ukwakhiwa kwesihlahla kuphazanyiswa.
  3. Ukunakekelwa okulandelayo kuncike ekwenzeni noma ekususeni amahlumela angaphezulu, okungadingekile.
• Ukuphumula Isitshalo sezinhlobo ze-tuberous emva kokuchichima kancane kancane siphenduka isikhathi esibi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukunciphisa inani lokunisela ekumiswe okuphelele kwengxenye yendiza yembali yangaphakathi. Zonke izingxenye ezomile zalesi sitshalo zisuswa ngokubeka imbali ngokwayo egumbini elipholile elinokushisa kwe 10-12C lokushisa kwezinyanga eziyi-2.5-3.

• Shintsha indawo. Esimo sezulu esifudumele, ungenza ibhaluni noma i-loggia. Into eyinhloko akuyona ukuyiqeda, ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwendawo njalo, i-begonia ingaqhakaza ngezimbali ezivamile esikhundleni se-terry.

Izifo kanye nama-parasites

• Spider Mite I-spider mite yenza umonakalo omkhulu. Inambuzane encane inzima kakhulu ukubona. Imiphumela yokutheleleka iholela ekufeni kwe-begonias. Izimpawu - ukubukeka kwamabala amnyama, ukumboza emagatsheni kanye namahlamvu ngesimo sephepha, wilt.

  Ngokushesha uhlukanise isitshalo esikhokhelwe uphawu oluvela kwezinye izitshalo. Lapho ukwelashwa, sebenzisa ama-10% amanzi asozini, bese ugeza ngamanzi afudumele. Ukuze umzabalazo ophumelelayo wokusebenzisa inambuzane, ukwandisa umswakama emoyeni.

• Tuberous Rot. Ukusabalala kokubola kuqala njalo ngesikhathi esibi. Cishe u-50% wezinto zokutshala ubeka ingozi yokulahleka. Ukuhlolwa njalo nokususwa kwazo zonke izindawo ezimnyama ze-tuber kuzosiza ukulwa nokubola.

• Nematodes. Thinta izilimo eziyizigaxa namaqabunga. I-tuber ehlaselwa kufanele ibhujiswe. Ukusola ukutheleleka kwamahlamvu udinga ukubeka ubumbi kwabanye. Njengendlela yokuvimbela nokwelapha ukusetshenziswa kokwelapha okushisa kwama-begonias.

• I-Mealy Dew. Ukudoba kuhlotshaniswa nezifo zefungal. Ekuqaleni livela ngendlela yamabala okukhanya emaqabunga. Ukungasebenzi kuholela ekusakazeni okusheshayo, uthando olukhethekile lwe-inflorescences ephuzi. Ukwelapha i-begonia kungaba fungicide ehlelekile njengendlela ye-spray. Ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka, sebenzisa izidakamizwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza.

• I-Weevil. Umhlaseli oyingozi kakhulu begonias. I-beetle ishiya amaqanda emhlabathini. Izimpungushe ezisanda kuvela zishintsha ngaphakathi kwe-tuber, zidle, zidale umonakalo ongenakwenzeka. Kukhona uhlu lonke lwezinhlaka zokulawula izinambuzane. Ukuqothula okungcono kakhulu kwezinambuzane - Izibonelelo.

Izici zokuzala

I-Begonia ingasakazwa ngezindlela eziningana:

1. Cuttings. Esimweni sokunqunywa, amaqabunga aphelele kufanele ahlale. Spread the tincetu nge-powder esebenzayo. Isiqu ngasinye sitshalwe esitsheni somuntu siqu. Isitshalo sithathwa cishe inyanga ekushiseni kwe-20 ° C nomhlabathi omuhle nomswakama womoya. Gwema ilanga elivulekile, indawo yamapulangwe e-priten.
2. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla. Isihlahla sihlukaniswe ngesikhathi esifanayo nengxenye yempande, etshalwe ezitsheni zomuntu siqu. Ngesikhathi sokuqothula imbali kufanele ibe ekamelweni elifudumele.

I-Begonia Mix izoba isipho esihle kakhulu kuzo zonke izici zezinto ezithandekayo zezitshalo. Kudingekile ukuthi umhlinzeke ngokunakekelwa njalo nokufeza izidingo ezilula, futhi ngokuqinisekile uzokuphendula, akujabulise ngemibala yakhe ehlukahlukene.