Indlela yokukhula begonia begerous? Izinhlobo zokukhiqiza imbali nokunakekelwa okwengeziwe

I-tuberous begonia isitshalo esihle esidinga indlela ekhethekile yokukhiqiza. I-Tuber, okuyi-shoot modified, ku-offseason iyimithombo yezitshalo zezakhi.

Esihlokweni sethu sizobheka indlela yokusakaza ngayo le mbali besebenzisa izilimo eziyizigaxa, ama-cuttings noma imbewu. Ake sikhulume ngemithetho yokunakekela i-begonia emva kokuzala.

Sixoxa ngezinkinga ezingase zivele ngesikhathi sokulima. Ungabuye ubuke ividiyo ewusizo ngalesi sihloko.

Indlela yokusakaza isitshalo?

I-begonia ikhula kanjani kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo? Isitshalo esinesitshalo singasakazwa yi-stem cuttings..

Ukunakwa: Izinhlobo ezinwabuzelayo ze-begonias nezilwane ezinamaqabunga ase-pubescent zingasakazwa ezingxenyeni zeqabunga, izimbali - ukuhlwanyela imbewu, ukuhlukana kwezinhlanga zama-rhizomes. Izinhlobo ze-tuber zanda ngokuhlukanisa i-tuber zibe izingxenye.

Ukukhiqizwa ekhaya

Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi kungenzeka kanjani ukuba sikhule imbali ye-tuberous begonia ekhaya. Phakathi kwababalimi bezimbali abanolwazi, indlela ejwayelekile kakhulu ukukhiqizwa yi-stem cuttings. Ukuze ukuqaliswa kwalo akudingi umzamo nolwazi olukhethekile. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela, ungahle uhlukanise iqoqo lakho lomuntu oyedwa ongahlobo lwembali. Inani lokusinda kwe-begonias ngokusika liphakeme kakhulu., kodwa into ebaluleke kunazo zonke ukuthi ukuthi izimbali zingenzeka ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqothulwa kwezinto zokutshala kwenzeka.

Funda indlela yokukhulisa i-ampelous begonia kusuka ku-cuttings kanye nembewu, kanye nemithetho yokunakekelwa kwezitshalo, funda lapha, futhi kusukela kulokhu ufunda ukuthi uhlobo luni lwe-begonia nokuthi ulunakekele kanjani.

Cuttings

Le ndlela elula ibalulekile ngoba imbali encane igcina izimfanelo zomama zesitshalo se-hybrid. Le nqubo yenziwa entwasahlobo noma ekwindla.

I-Flower isakazwa yi-stem kanye ne-cutical cuttingsokuyinto engcono kakhulu ehlukaniswe ngqo kusuka tuber. Ukwenza lokhu:

1. Entwasahlobo ngesikhathi kuhluma kwezilimo eziyizigaxa, kufanele uthathe ngokucophelela ukuthatha i-shoot-in-12 cm. Ukwandisa indawo enqunyiwe, kungcono ukuwasika ngecala elibukhali.
2. Fafaza lezi zindawo ngomlotha noma amalahle, shiya ukuze ume amahora amaningana. Kunconywa ukuphatha ngokukhushulwa kokukhula, lokhu kuzokusiza ukuvikela ukulwa nokutheleleka futhi ngokushesha uthathe izimpande.
3. Kudingeka ukufaka emanzini athulile noma ahlanjululwe ekamelweni lokushisa.

Inqubo yokuqothula izinhlanzi:

1. Lapho ukukhula kwe-root cuttings kudinga ukushisa okukhethekile - 22 ° C.
2. Isiqukathi sokutshala impahla kufanele sibe endaweni ekhanyisiwe, evikelwe ilanga eliqondile.
3. Uma kukhona ukubola ekupheleni kwesitshalo, kuyadingeka ukuthi ufinyelele i-appendage futhi unqume indawo enobungozi, uyomise kancane bese uyibuyisela futhi, ngemuva kokushintsha amanzi.
4. Ukuze ugweme ukubola, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise amaphilisi e-peat noma inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo eyenzelwe izithombo. Kuye ukujulisa ama-cuttings kuya ku-2-3 cm ejulile. Isembozo esiphezulu ngejubane ukudala izimo zokushisa. Ku-rooting kuzothatha izinsuku ezingu-30.

Ngokushesha nje lapho izimpande ezincane ze-begonia begonous zikhula izimpande zibe ngamasentimitha amabili ubude, ziphakanyiswa ngokushesha ukuthi zifakwe endaweni ehlala njalo. Inhlabathi kufanele ithathwe ngokukhethekile eyenzelwe lezi zitshalo noma ukuzipheka. Ngoba lokhu kuthathwa ngokulingana okulinganayo:

• i-sod noma iqabunga lomhlaba;
• i-humus;
• umquba wemifino;
• i-peat;
• ingxenyana engxenyeni yomfula.

Ibhodi: Umhlabathi emva kokutshala izitshalo ezincane akudingeki ukuba ungeze. Uma kungenjalo, ungalimaza izimpande ezisencane zesisa. Izithombo zidinga ukuchelela.

Sincoma ukubukela ividiyo ekuzalweni kwe-cutoni ze-cutoni:

Imbewu

Izinqubo zokusakaza imbewu zenzeka ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari.. Ukutshala okunjalo kukuvumela ukuba utshale amahlumela aphelele. I-Begonia izoqala ukuqhakaza ngonyaka wokuqala. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela imbewu, isigamu sonyaka sizodlula, futhi ekupheleni kwenkathi izilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane zizobunjwa ezifanele ukugcina ebusika (indlela yokugcina kahle i-begonia begerous ebusika, funda lapha).

1. Kungcono ukuhlwanyela imbewu ezigulini zepulasitiki ezinezikhumba, kodwa ungathatha abanye, vele uvale ngefilimu noma isembozo esivelele.
2. Ngezansi kufanele kube nokuvula lapho amanzi angaphezu kwamanzi azogeleza khona. Faka uhlaka lwamanzi, olusetshenziswa njengamahlumela ahlanziwe noma ubumba obuncane obunwetshiwe.
3. Kunconywa ukuthi ukukhipha imishanguzo i-primer ekhethekile ye-begonias, bese uwuthululela kwisitsha ngesendlalelo se-2-cm.
4. Kusukela ebusweni bomhlabathi ukususa konke okungavimbela imbewu ukuba ikhuphuke, okungukuthi:
   • amatshe amancane;
   • izibani;
   • udoti.
5. Kuhlwanyelwe phezu kwembewu akudingeki ukuba ufafaze inhlabathi, nje ubeke kancane.
6. Bese uvale ikhava ebonakalayo. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukudala i-microclimate edingekayo ngaphakathi kwesitsha.
7. Ukushisa okufanele kakhulu kokuhluma kwenhlanzi kungama-23-27 ° C. Uma sigqoke indawo evulekile, kungenzeka ukufezekisa ukuvela okusheshayo kwamahlumela.

   Kudingekile ukuphuza amahlumela amancane nje kuphela. Kuyadingeka ukuthi inhlabathi yayimanzi, uma umhlaba ubomile kancane, khona-ke imbewu ephakanyisiwe izofa ngokushesha.

8. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-14, isembozo kufanele sikhuliswe ngo-1-2 cm nge-stand, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kufanele sisuswe ngokuphelele, futhi izinga lokushisa kufanele lihliswe ku-18 ° C.
9. Izithombo zidinga ukuvikelwa emisebeni eqondile yelanga. I-Tuberous begonia iyajabula kakhulu kuwo wonke amafasitela, ngaphandle kwenyakatho.

   Ebusika, izithombo zidinga ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Emva kokuvela kwala maqabunga, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukhetho lokuqala. Ibanga phakathi kwezithombo kufanele kube ngu-2 cm.

10. Emva kokutshala, gcoba inhlabathi, futhi ngokushesha nje lapho umswakama emaqabunga emile, isitsha sesiphinde sihlanganiswe nesembozo. Cishe ngenyanga, lapho amaqabunga ezithombo ezilandelayo ezikhulayo eziseduze, kudingeka ukhetho lwesibili. Izithombo ezikhulayo zingatshalwa masinyane ngezimbiza ezihlukene.

Sincoma ukubukela ividiyo ekukhiqizeni i-tuberous begonia esebenzisa imbewu:

Kusuka kushidi

Inqubo yokuzalanisa i-begonias evela eqabeni izothatha isikhathi eside kunesiqu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, entwasahlobo esivela kumuthi omdala udinga ukusika iqabunga elikhulu elinamandla futhi ulibeke egilasini, lapho ungathelela amanzi amancane.

Lapho iqhutshwa umoya, ivele iqedwe, akukho sidingo sokushintsha ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kokuba iqabunga livele esibambini, leli qabunga litshalwe emhlabathini okhanyayo. Le nqubo kufanele yenziwe ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kwalokho ungakwazi ukubhubhisa izimpande ezincane.

Sincoma ukubukela ividiyo ekukhiqizeni i-tuberous begonia usebenzisa ishidi:

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Ngendlela ehlukene yokuzalanisa, i-begonias ingabangela izinkinga.:

• Uma ukusika kwensimbi kuqala ukubola emanzini, ukutheleleka ngefungi kungenzeka. Ngemuva kokuba ingxenye ebolile isusiwe, inqubo kumele ifakwe emanzini amasha, lapho isigamu sethebhulethi sesikhumba esisebenziwe sichithwa.
• Kwenzeka kanjalo ukuthi amahlumela abe mnyama. Isizathu siyisifo se-fungal - ukubola okumpunga, okuvela lapho isitshalo sisegumbini elinyene nelincane. Kudingeka ukuthi ukhiphe ukwelashwa nge-fungicides, futhi udale indawo ekhululekile ngaphakathi.
• Ngezinye izikhathi imbewu ayifuni isikhathi eside. Kuyabonakala ekushiseni okuphansi nasemhlabathini owomile.
• Uma izithombo ezitshalwe ziba mncane futhi zide, kusho ukuthi awunakho ukukhanya kwelanga.
• Lapho amaqabunga e-curl esitshalo bese ephenduka, cishe cishe awunamanzi okwanele noma ashisayo ekamelweni.
• Uma i-begonia ikhula kancane, kufanele idonswe.

Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe

Emva kokuzala imbali idinga ukunakekelwa okufanele. Esinye sezimo ezibalulekile ukugcinwa kwezinga eliphezulu lokushisa nemiswakama:

• Ukushisa ehlobo ngo 18-22 ° С, ebusika - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-16 ° С;
• umswakama 60%.;
• ukukhanya kwelanga.

Namanzi isitshalo ngokunokwenzeka ngamanzi ekuseni noma kusihlwa ekamelweni lokushisa. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe emva kokumiswa kwesendlalelo esingenhla. I-Begonia ayikwazi ukuchithwa, kungenjalo izifo ze-fungal zingenzeka.

Imbali idinga ukufaka umanyolo ngamanyolo, okuqukethe i-phosphorus ne-potassium, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yezimbali (kungani i-tuber begonia ingaqhakazi, kanye nokuthi izifo nezifo eziyizinambuzane zingabhubhisa imbali nokuthi zingabhekana kanjani nazo, funda lapha). Ngesikhathi sokukhula okukhulayo, kubalulekile ukondla nge nitrogen.

Ungakhohlwa:

• ukukhulula umhlabathi;
• susa izimbali ezomile;
• uphefisa umoya oseduze nesitshalo;
• amaqabunga ahlanzekile othulini;
• hlola izinambuzane.

Sincoma ukubukela ividiyo mayelana nokunakekelwa kwe-begonia begonia emva kokuzala:

Isiphetho

I-begonias ye-tuberous iyimifino ehlobisa futhi ihlobisa. Zitholakala ngendlela yezitshalo ezinotshani, izihlahla kanye nezihlahla ezincane. Ngenxa yalokhu ukuhlukahluka, ungakwazi njalo ukwenza isinqumo esifanele sokuhlobisa ikhaya lakho kanye nensimu. I-Begonia ingathathwa yiziphi izindlela ezikhona.