Izitshalo zangaphandle zithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi besimanje. Omunye wabo - i-monstera - isivakashi esivela eSouth America. Ezinye zezinhlobo zawo zenyuka imivini, zingatshalwa esizeni. Ezinye izinhlobo zigcina izindlu njengezimbali zasendlini. Noma kunjalo, lobu buhle obuxakile abujabule ngokuqhakaza okumnandi, udonsela ukunaka ubuhle bamaqabunga akhe e-cirrus apendiwe.
I-Monstera oblique (engalingani), noma enkulu
I-Monstera e-oblique ithole igama ngenxa yesimo sayo esingajwayelekile. Futhi, lesi silo esingalingani kwesinye isikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi sikhulu. Ungayibona ngezibonakaliso ezilandelayo:
- amaqabunga ama-lanceolate noma ama-oval ngaphandle kokuvumelanisa okukhulunywayo;
- kumaqabunga kunezindawo ezinhle ezivulekile zokufakelwa ezifana nentambo;
- ukusika kukade, kucwengisisiwe emaphethelweni futhi kunwetshwe esisekelweni;
- ezincwadini zabantu abadala abahlala ezimweni zemvelo, ubude bamashidi bungaba ngu-80-90 cm.
Izinganekwane nezinsumansumane eziningi zihambisana nalesi sitshalo, igama laso lihumusha ngokuthi "monster"
Imbali ikhula kahle egumbini elifudumele (uma kungekho ukushisa okunamandla) okunomoya omuhle. Uthanda isithunzi esilinganisile, elangeni eliqondile uzizwa kabi. Uma kunokukhanya okuncane, amaqabunga ayaphela.
Izindlela zokunakekela eziphambili zifaka ukugeza amaqabunga ngendwangu emanzi nokufafaza ngebhodlela lokufafaza. Ukuzala kuvame ukwenzeka ngemisiko. Ungakhula imbali kusuka enhlanyelweni, kepha lena yinqubo ende futhi enzima. Ukufakelwa kuze kufike eminyakeni emine kwenziwa ngonyaka, bese kuthi kube kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kanye njalo emavikini amabili ukusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo, kusetshenziswa umanyolo owenziwe ngamaminerali wezimbali zasendlini.
Imbali Yasekhaya - Ihlathi LaseTropiki laseNingizimu Melika
I-Monstera: izinhlobo
E-Russia, yizinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela zalesi simbali esingaziwa kakhulu ezithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi be-amateur. Abafuyi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bangabona kalula izinhlobo zezilwane ngokuhluka kwezinhlamvu. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-monstera enkulu zihlukaniswa:
- Fryrichstahl;
- Adanson;
- gourmet;
- ekhomba.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene ziyahlukahluka kwesinye ngesimo, ubude, ububanzi kanye nombala wamaqabunga, kanye nephethini kuzo.
IMonstera Friedrichstal
IMonstera Friedrichstahl idume kakhulu eRussia nase Ntshonalanga Yurophu. Izici Key:
- ukuphakama okuphezulu, ukuphazamisa ukukhula eflethini elincane;
- kungenye yezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezinezimbali ezinhle ezimhlophe;
- njalo edinga ukukhanya kwelanga, kungakuhle ukuthi ugcine efasiteleni elikhulu kanye ne-windowsill ebanzi;
- kusuka ekuntuleni komswakama, ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kuncipha, futhi izimbali zisheshe ziwe;
- kusuka ekusweleni uketshezi, amaqabunga angashintsha aphuzi ngokungazelele. Ukuchelela okuningi kuzosiza ukubuyisela isitshalo kabusha.
Ngemininingwane! Le mbali ithathwa njengesinye sezitshalo eziyishumi kakhulu, ngoba ivumelana kalula nanoma yiziphi izimo. Emahlathini aseNingizimu Melika, ezinye izinhlobo zemivini zaqhakaza ngemizimba yabantu abafile nezilwane. Ngakho-ke inganekwane yokuthi imbali ye-monster ibhubhisa zonke izinto eziphilayo emzileni wayo.
I-Monstera Adanson
IMonstera Adanson ine-immune eqinile ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni, ihlala isikhathi eside ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Inamaqabunga angama-ovoid oblong anokusikeka okuhle okusaqanda. Efulethini cishe akakaze aqhakaze. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ukuphakama kungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-8.I-inflorescences ifana nama cobs wommbila, iba nombala ophuzi okhanyayo. Ukuncipha ekwakhekeni kwenhlabathi, ukugqoka okuphezulu ehlobo kungenziwa njalo emavikini ama-3. Ekuthuthukisweni okujwayelekile nokukhula, kuyalulekwa ukubeka ukusekelwa eduze kwembali ebunjiweyo.
Kubalulekile! Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele usebenzise amanzi kampompi okunisela ngokuqondile uthepha. Kufanele okungenani kube usuku lokuma. Ngemuva kokunisela, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukukhululeka ukuze umswakama ungahlali emhlabathini. Lokhu ukuvikela okungcono kokutheleleka kwesikhunta lapho isitshalo sinqunyelwe khona.
Ukunakekelwa okufanele kuzokwandisa impilo imbali
Monstera Obliqua
IMonstera Oblikva (Igama lesiLatini "i-Oblique Monstera") - okungenye yezilwane ezingenahloniphi kakhulu ekunakekelweni. Izici Key:
- iqabunga liyafana ngesikwere;
- Slots zitholakala asymmetrically, abe nobude obuhlukahlukene nobubanzi;
- ubude beqabunga bufika ku-20 cm, ububanzi - bufika ku-6 cm;
- ngomswakama owandayo ezingxenyeni zesitshalo, amaconsi amanzi okuhwamukayo angabonakala.
Isiqu sokufakelwa esingamamitha ukuphakama sifanelwe kahle njengokwesekwa; singathengwa kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezimbali. Lesi sitshalo sinezimpande zezindiza ezibhekene nokuhambisa umswakama kanye nokudla okondlayo esiqwini. Zibuye futhi zixhase amahlumela asanda kwakhiwa. Ukususa izimpande zomoya akunconywa. Badinga ukugoba kancane bese bethunyelwa emhlabathini.
Ehlobo, kufanele unakekele imbali ekhaya futhi ugcizelele ukuthambisa. Umhlaba ebhodweni akufanele uhlale umanzi njalo, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga angaphenduka mnyama. Uma kushisa ekhaya, ungabeka okwesikhashana izimpande ezinde emkhunjini onamanzi afudumele nasimile okwesikhashana. NgoJulayi - Agasti, imbali ingafakwa umithunzi.
Ngaphezu kokufaka umanyolo ngamaminerali, kunconywa ukuthi uvundise inhlabathi ngezikhathi ezithile nge-mullein ejulisiwe ebilisiwe.
Nakani! Kwesinye isikhathi isicabucabu sihlasela imbali. Kulokhu, kufanele usebenzise ama-insecticides wezimboni enzelwe izimbali zasendlini.
Izilo ezincane zamaqabunga
Igama lesibili lalezi zinhlobonhlobo ezincane, kunezinhlobonhlobo zazo. Izinhlobo ze-monstera ezinamahlamvu amancane:
- i-mosagate;
- Karvinsky;
- ugcotshwe.
Noma iyiphi i-monstera encane enamafutha amancane ithanda umswakama, kepha ayibekezeleli ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyitshala endaweni ewindini lasentshonalanga (empumalanga). Uma umoya osekamelweni womile kakhulu, amahlumela angathola umbala onsundu.
Izinhlobo zezindwandwe ezikhula ezimbizeni azinconywa ukuthi zidluliselwe njalo ukusuka kwenye indawo ziye kwenye.
UMonstera Carvinsky
UMonstera Karvinsky ubukeka emangalisa futhi uvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa ingaphakathi. Amaqabunga ayo afana nentambo eyisimangaliso. Kepha ukusikeka kuvela kuphela ezitshalweni ezindala, emaqabungeni amancane akhula ngokuqhubekayo, omile noma omile ngenhliziyo. Ikhula kahle emthunzini, izizwa imbi ngaphansi kwelanga. Ebusika, ukuchelela kufanele kuncishiswe ukuvikela izifo fungal. Ukudlulisa izinhlobonhlobo zabantu abadala kunconywa njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4.
Kubalulekile! Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lesi sitshalo yiMexico, ngakho-ke imbali ithanda umswakama ophezulu. Ekushiseni kudinga ukufafazwa nsuku zonke.
Ikhula kahle enhlabathini eyenzelwe izihlahla zesundu nemivini. Ungalungisa le ngxube yezakhi ngokwakho kusuka ku-peat, umhlaba wezitshalo ezinqobayo nezihlangeneyo, ezixutshwe ngokulinganayo. Ungasakaza ngezinsika noma ngokubeka ngemuva.
Lolu hlobo luvame ukuvuthwa emahhovisi, amahhotela, amathofi kanye nezindlu zezwe. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ukuphakama komcabango omdala kungafinyelela ku-3 m.
Kunezinkolelo-ze eziningi ezihambisana nale mbali yaseningizimu engaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, akekho kubo onesisekelo sesayensi. Ucwaningo lwakamuva lufakazele ukuthi i-monstera inomphumela omuhle kakhulu emoyeni osefulethini (ehhovisi), futhi futhi iyi-barometer yemvelo eyingqayizivele. Kuyinto engakhethi futhi idinga ukunakwa okuncane kakhulu, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukushisa, ilanga elinganiselayo nokunisela kaningi.
