Izimbali ezikhanyayo namaqabunga aqoshiwe abhalwe ngamabalazwe ase-begonias akwazi ukujabulisa iso unyaka wonke, ngoba lokhu kuyadingeka ukudala izimo ezikhululekile zesitshalo. Enye yezingqinamba ezisemqoka ekutshalweni kwe-begonias ukukhetha ibhodlela elifanele nenhlabathi ngesikhathi sokutshala. Lesi sihloko sizokutshela mayelana nezici zesimiso se-begonia, inhlabathi edingekayo ekukhuleni nasezimpandeni zayo, imithetho yokunisela, inqubo yokufakelwa kabusha kanye naluphi uhlobo lwembiza oludingekayo ukuze lifake imbali nokuthi lingawuthatha kanjani.
Izici zesistimu yomsuka
Kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo ze-begonias, izimpande zawo zingenza izilimo eziyizigaxa, ama-rhizomes, noma isistimu yezimpande ezijwayelekile ze-branched. Kunoma yikuphi, ukukhula kwezimpande akuveli ekujuleni kwenhlabathi, kodwa kubanzi, kufana nendawo.
Uhlelo lwempande lwe-begonias lumnene kakhulu, lulimala kalula, ngakho-ke udinga ukuba uqaphele ngokucophelela uma uphaqelelwa. Kubalulekile futhi ukuvimbela ukuqoqwa kwamanzi emhlabathini, njengoba lokhu kuholela ekubola, lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu ebusika, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lihla kakhulu (indlela yokugcina u-begonia ebusika ekhaya?).
- Indlela nokuthi yini ongayidla i-begonia? I-General ilawula imithetho yesicelo somanyolo.
- Indlela yokunakekela i-begonia emva kokuthenga ekhaya?
- Yini i-begonia ekhula embizeni? Imithetho yokunakekela imbali ekhula ekhaya.
- Indlela yokutshala iJalimonia engadini ensimini?
Iyiphi inhlabathi edingekayo?
I-Begonia ehambisana ne-substrate ekhanyayo ephansi ne-asidi ephansi kanye nokutholakala okukhulu kwezakhi. Inhlabathi ekhethekile, efaneleke kakhulu ekutholeni i-begonias ekhulayo, ingathengwa cishe noma yisiphi isitolo sembali. Uma ufisa, ukubunjwa okulungile kungenziwa ngokuzimela, kunezindlela zokupheka eziningana:
- umhlabathi, umhlabathi we-turf kanye neqabunga lomhlaba ku-2: 1: 2 (lokhu kubumbano kufanelana kahle ne-begerous begonia);
- ingxenye yezwe le-turf kanye nezingxenye ezimbili ze-peat, i-humus ne-leafy land (okukhethwa kukho, okuhambisana nezidingo zeBelonia wasebukhosini);
- 1 ingxenye yesihlabathi, i-humus ne-peat kanye nezingxenye ezimbili zomhlabathi omile (isisekelo se-begonia yasebukhosini).
Kubalulekile! Uma i-substrate ixubene ngesandla, kufanele inzalo ngaphambi kokutshala. Lokhu kuzosiza ekugwemeni ukunqotshwa kwezinambuzane.
Imithetho yokunisela
Ukuphuza i-begonias kudinga ukulungiswa kuye ngesikhathi sonyaka (indlela yokukhula kahle, amanzi nokunakekela i-begonia ukuze ikhule isikhathi eside, funda lapha). Izincomo eziwusizo. Entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekuqaleni kokuwa, isitshalo sidinga umswakama ojulile izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto, kusukela ngo-Okthoba-Novemba kufanele kuncishiswe izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngenyanga.
Amanzi kufanele abe sezingeni lokushisa, azinze kahle. (okungenani emini), ngaphandle kokungcola. Kubalulekile ukuqiniseka ukuthi ngokunisela amanzi amaningi akuqongeleli epanini.
Naphezu kokuthi lesi sitshalo sidinga umswakama ophakeme (60-80%), akukhuthazwa ukuba uphefule futhi uhlanganise amaqabunga, njengoba lokhu kuholela ekuthuthukiseni izifo ezihlukahlukene, njenge-powdery mildew.
Ukwandisa umswakama womoya kungcono ukusebenzisa amadivayisi akhethekile.Futhi ngenxa yalokhu injongo ibhodana ne-begonia ingafakwa emgodini nge-claydite emanzi futhi ingeza amanzi njengoba iqhuma.
Iyiphi imbiza edingekayo?
Uma utshalwa i-begonias, okumele ukwenzelwe kufanele kunikezwe emiphakathini ephansi, ububanzi balo obudlula ukuphakama kwawo okungenani amasentimitha amaningana. Lesi simo sihlotshaniswa nokuzikhethela kokubunjwa kwesistimu yempande, okukhetha ukuthuthukisa ububanzi. Leli fomu lembiza lizovumela futhi ukuthi i-substrate ibe nokuphuza umoya futhi unikeze izimpande ngesilinganiso esidingekayo se-oxygen.
Khetha usayizi ofanele
Ngabe yimuphi ummbila otshala isitshalo esincane? Isiqukathi sokuqala se-begonia osemusha esakhula kusuka ekunqumeni noma eqabini akufanele lidlule u-5-6 cm ububanzi. Cishe ingxenye yonyaka, lapho isitshalo sigxile ngokuphelele, singasetshenziswa ukufakwa embizeni egcwele kakhulu ebangeni eliba ngu-10-12 cm. (kodwa okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3), nomthamo ngamunye olandelayo kufanele ube ingxenye eyodwa yesithathu kunangaphambili.
Ukulungiselela i-Tank
Okokuqala, ibhodlela kumele lihlanzwe kahle futhi lihlweliswe nge-disinfected; ngaleyo njongo, isisombululo se-potassium permanganate singasetshenziswa, ukwelashwa okunjalo kuqinisekisa ukungabi khona kwamagciwane futhi kuzosindisa u-begonia ngezifo esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuze silondoloze izinga elidingekayo lomswakama we-substrate, Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi kuzoba nezimbobo eziningana embizeni, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ungqimba lwamanzi, okumele kugcwalise okungenani ingxenye yesine yebhodlela eliphelele.
Indlela yokutshala isitshalo?
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungumbuzo wokutshala kokuqala kwesitshalo esincane noma sokufakelwa okuhleliwe komuntu osekhulile kakade, kubalulekile ukuba unakekele futhi ulandele imithetho ethile:
- Beka ungqimba lwamanzi (isibonelo, ubumba obunwetshiwe) esitsheni esilungiselwe ukutshala.
I-1-2 cm yamalahle angafakwa phezu koqweqwe lwamanzi, okuzohlinzeka ukuvikelwa okungeziwe kwezimpande ngokumelene nokuthungwa komswakama.
- Okulandelayo, uthele inani elincane le-substrate (inani lizincike kuye ngokuthi ivolumu yenani le-tank kanye nosayizi wesitshalo esibhalwe kabusha).
- Susa ngokucophelela i-begonia kusukela ebhodini elidala. Uma kulula ukukhipha imbali, akusebenzi, ukuze ungalimazi amahlumela nezimpande, ungafaka ibhodlela emgodini ngamanzi okushisa ekamelweni okwesikhashana. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-15-20, i-substrate izokwamukela umswakama futhi kuzoba lula ukukhulula i-begonia ebhodweni.
- Uma uzama ukungalimazi izimpande, susa okungaphezulu kwe-substrate endala bese ufaka i-begonia phakathi nendawo entsha.
- Ukumboza imbali ngombuthano nenhlabathi, hhayi i-priminaya futhi ungagudli, ukuze umkhawulo ophezulu webhodlela uhlale cishe ngo-1 cm.
- Khulisa ngokukhululekile. Uma kunesidingo, engeza inani elincane le-substrate, ngoba njengomphumela wokuchelela ungawa.
Qaphela! Ukuze ubuyisele uhlelo lwempande elimelekile futhi uphuthukise inqubo yesimo sokutshala emva kokutshala, ungayinisela ngesisombululo se-root noma i-succinic acid. Ukutshala ezinyangeni zokuqala emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo akukhuthazwa.
Ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nendlela nokuthi yini ongayondla i-begonia, ungathola lapha.
Sikumema ukuba ubuke ividiyo mayelana nokutshala i-begonia:
Isithombe sembali yangaphakathi
Khona-ke ungabona ukuthi yini u-begonia ebukeka ebhodweni esithombeni.
Kungani kubalulekile ukukhetha ikhono elifanele lokufika?
- Usayizi. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, imbiza enkulu kakhulu ingase ihlukumeze imbali, ngoba uhlelo lwempande ngeke lube nesikhathi sokubamba amanzi, okuyinto eyoholela ekugayeni ngaphezulu kwe-substrate kanye nokubonakala kwezifo ezifayo nezikhumba. Uma ubukhulu bakhethwa ngendlela efanele, kakade ngokoqobo ezinyangeni ezingu-3 i-begonia ingazivumelanisa ngokugcwele futhi iqale ukuqhakaza.
- Indaba. Izimbiza zasePlastiki zivame izitsha ezinamanani aphansi, kodwa zenza umphumela wokushisa, ongabangela ukushisa kwesimiso. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu ehlobo. Futhi, ngokungafani ne-ceramic, zisusa umswakama kakhulu futhi zingabangela ekuqongeni kwawo emhlabathini.
- Ifomu. Iziqukathi ezijulile ze-begonias azifanelekile, njengoba uhlelo lwesitshalo sesitshalo luvame ukwandisa inani elinikeziwe. Ngokucabangela ukuvelela kokukhula kwezimpande, okukhetha ukukhahlela phansi ngaphansi komhlaba, ukukhula okujulile kuzothatha amandla amaningi kusuka e-begonia, okuzoholela ekunciphiseni ukukhula kwendima ye-angi futhi kuyoba yisithiyo ekuqhumeni.
Ukuhlwanyela kahle i-begonias yokutshala ngokufanele, ibhodlela elikhethiwe kahle kanye ne-substrate - isiqinisekiso sokuthi sizenzele ngokwabo futhi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa nje sizojabulisa umnikazi ngezimbali zalo ezikhangayo ezikhazimulayo.
