I-Ipomoea aimurea yisitshalo esishisayo, esitholakala endle ezwekazini zaseNingizimu naseNyakatho Melika, sikhula lapho njengesitshalo sokukhula njalo.
Ezindleleni eziphakeme zeRussia kutshalwa njengesiko lonyaka. Ipomoea aimurea ikhula ngamahlumela amaningi. Yize ziqhakaza kuphela ngosuku olulodwa, eziningi ezintsha zibonakala zithatha enye esikhundleni sazo. Ipomoea aimurea iyathandwa ekuklanyweni komhlaba, imbali ikhule kumakhalkoni, ama-loggias.
Incazelo ye-Ipomoea aimurea
Imbali ingeyamalungu omndeni we-bindweed, emvelweni kunezinhlobo eziningi ezinoshevu. Abafuyi bathulise izinhlobo ezingeyona ingozi kubantu; bashaya ngemibala ehlukahlukene yezinhlamvu. Isitshalo sibonisa ngokukhula okusheshayo, ngaso leso sikhathi isikhukhula isikhala. Ngobuchwepheshe obuhle bezolimo, amahlumela afinyelela kumamitha ayi-7. Ngokwesilinganiso, i-liana ikhula ibe ngamamitha angama-3-4 ubude. Imbali ikhula ibe yiye uqobo iqhwa, ijabulisa njalo ngezimbali.
Amahlumela ahlotshisiwe angama-pubescent, amaqabunga afinyelela ku-18 cm, anomumo onenhliziyo, abamba ama-pearl ats oblong ngaphezu kwe-10 cm.
I-bud iqukethe izinhlamvu ezincanyana ezinhlanu ezithosiwe. Izimbali ziqala ngoJuni, uhlaka ngalunye luhlala ngosuku kuphela. Zivula ngesikhathi esimnandi sosuku, bese zivala ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Isiqu esine-pollinated sakha ibhokisi lezinkanyezi ezintathu elinembewu emnyama engafiki ku-7 cm.
Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zekhofi yasebusuku
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-20 zemibala ehlukene. Kuyafaneleka ukubheka ethandwa kakhulu.
| Ibanga | Incazelo yama-buds | Umbala |
| Izinhlobo ezinde ezinamagatsha afinyelela ku-5 m | ||
| Star waltz, ingxube | Ibunjiwe iBell nge pharynx ehlukile kuze kufike ku-5 cm. | Okumhlophe, okupinki, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okubomvu. |
| Izinkanyezi zePharadesi, hlanganisa | Ngama-petals oyindilinga, akhombe, cm cm. | I-Beige, epinki, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi. |
| Scarlett O'Hara | Ibunjiwe iBell nge pharynx emhlophe, 5 cm. | Okusajingijolo abomvu. |
| Isoso lendiza | Imibala eqinile. | Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
| Indlela kaMilky | Kuqiniswe ngombala wokulinganisa, cm cm. | Mhlophe ngokuthinta okupinki okukhanyayo. |
| Izinhlobo ezisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo ezinamagatsha angama-2,5-3 m. | ||
| Isibani se-Ultraviolet | Kuqinile nge pharynx ehlukile. | Onsomi onsomi. |
| Kiyozaki | Ngama-petals ahlanganisiwe, acacile futhi onesifo sohlangothi, 5 cm. | Umhlophe, onsomi, onsomi enomngcele omhlophe. |
| I-Starfish | Iqinile nge-smear yombala maphakathi ne-petal. | Imhlophe enamabala apinki. |
| Isibhakabhaka esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka | Kuqinile ngomphimbo omhlophe. | Ingane eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka |
Imithetho Yokukhula Nokunakekela
Ngokwesiko elishisayo khetha izindawo ezinelanga, ezingenamoya. Isihlahla siyakhula, sidinga ukuxhaswa. Ukutshala kwenziwa yizithombo noma ngqo emhlabathini. Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokunakekelwa: ungadli ngokweqile, musa ukuqina futhi ungagcwalisi. Ukulima ejwayelekile, ukhula, ukuncipha kuyadingeka. Inhlabathi iyadingeka.
Ukutshala imbewu
Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu icwiliswa emanzini afudumele (+ 25 ... +30 ° C), ishiywe imizuzu engama-30 ukuba idumbe. Ngemuva kwale nqubo, kuzovela amahlumela amaningi
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu
Ngokutshala, sebenzisa amabhokisi noma izimbiza zepulasitiki ezijulile, kungcono ukhethe ipulasitiki emhlophe, ishisa kancane elangeni, inhlabathi ngeke yomile. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula mayelana nokudonswa kwamanzi - okungenani amasentimitha ayi-5 wezinto zokudonsa abekwe phansi phansi kwamathangi okufika. Beka ingxube yenhlabathi ngaphezulu. Isikhathi phakathi kwezimbobo okungenani singama-15 cm ukuze ubukhazikhazi bokusa bungaphazamisi.
Ukunakekela izithombo
Izinga lokushisa elinconyelwe ukukhula ngu-+20 ° ะก. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa njalo emavikini ama-2, inhlabathi iyakhululwa. Lapho izithombo zifinyelela ku-15 cm, kufanele ziqondiswe. Uma kungenzeki ukutshala inkazimulo yasekuseni emhlabathini ovulekile, ama-props afakwa emabhodweni.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile
I-Ipomoea idluliswa yi-transshipment, umgodi wokufika wenziwa ngo-5 cm ububanzi futhi ujule ngaphezu komthamo wokufika. Ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla lingama-cm okungenani angama-20.
Ukutshala imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile
I-Ipomoea yisiko elithanda ukushisa, impahla yokutshala ihlwanyelwa lapho inhlabathi ifudumala ifinyelela ku-1010 C, ngeke kube namazinga okushisa aphansi ebusuku. Ukutshala kwenziwa ngokwesikimu esifanayo nasezimbizeni. Imbewu engama-203 ibekwa ekucindezelekeni ngakunye, ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela, isihlahla esiqine kakhulu sisele.
Nakekela ubukhazikhazi basekuseni emhlabathini ovulekile
Isitshalo esishisayo sidinga ukuthambisa njalo, ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ensimini evulekile, kubalulekile ukuthi kuqashelwe isitshalo, kuthinteke izifo ezifungayo. Imbali ebunjiwe ivame ukuwa yodwa, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kufanele isikwe.
Izinhlobo eziningi zikhiqiza kabusha ezinhlanyelweni eziziqoqele, ngaphandle kwalezo nzalo. Ngokuqala kwesithwathwa, lesi sitshalo siyafa, sivunwa kumquba uma kungenazilonda zesikhunta esiqwini. Ngokuqina kwesihlahla esiqinile, amahlumela angeziwe ayasuswa, kusale iziqu ezi-2 noma ezi-3. Inhlabathi kumele ikhululwe ngezikhathi ezithile, ifakwe emanzini. Lapho umcibisholo wokudubula wakheka, unamathisele ukuze amagatsha esiqu.
Imodi yokushisa
Ukukhula okujwayelekile, akumele kube ngaphansi kuno-+5 ° C, lapho izinga lokushisa eliphansi lesitshalo ligula, lingafa. Ukutshala kwenziwa lapho inhlabathi ifudunyezwa kuya ku-+12 ° C.
Inhlabathi nomanyolo
Ipomoea aimurea ithanda inhlabathi evundile nenothileyo. I-acidity yenhlabathi kufanele ibe ku-6-7 pH.
Kunconywa imbewu ekhula enhlabathini yonke. Ngokufakelwa, umhlabathi we-turf, umquba kanye nesihlabathi somfula kuxutshwa ngokulinganayo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa njalo emavikini amabili, kwenziwa umanyolo ngesikhathi sokuchelela. Izicucu zama-suppulents, izingxube zezimbiwa ze-potassium-phosphorus zilungele ubukhazikhazi basebusuku. Uma kwenzeka ukuhluma okunganele, baphathwa ngamalungiselelo emvelo "Ovary", "ukukhula", Plantafol. Lapho wenza kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalo. Ngokweqile komanyolo, izifo zokukhunta ziyaqhakaza, isitshalo siyafa. Ngokweqile kwe-nitrogen, inani lezimbali liyancipha, isihlahla sikhula ngohlaza obuluhlaza.
Umswakama nokunisela
Ukunganyakazi kwamanzi okungahambeki ezindaweni lapho kuba khona ukutholakala okukhulu komhlaba, inkazimulo yasekuseni ngeke ikhule ngaphandle kokudonsa. Izimpande zizokubola. Ezindaweni ezomile, ukuchelela kuyaqina ngesikhathi sokuthola isisindo - ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ngemuva kwezimvula, inhlabathi inyiswa kuphela ngomiswa. Ukufafaza kwenziwa kuphela kusihlwa, lapho kungekho ukukhanya kwelanga.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
I-Ipomoea isengozini yokutheleleka ngefungus, ama-virus virus. Imbali ihlolwe njalo, iphathwe lapho kuqala uphawu lwesifo.
| Izifo Nezinambuzane | Izimpawu | Izinyathelo zokulungisa |
| I-Fungal stem rot | Izindawo ezingamnyama ezingenamibala zombala onsundu ezinomngcele ocacile. | Isitshalo siyasuswa ukuze kungabikho monakalo emivini engomakhelwane. |
| Ukubola okuthambile | Isiqu sithamba. | Fafaza inhlabathi ngomlotha wezinkuni, ufafaza nge-fungicides. |
| Ukubola kwezimpande | Isitshalo siyabuna, ukufa kungenzeka. | Ukufakelwa ngokususwa kwengxenye eyonakele yohlelo lwezimpande. |
| Ukubola okumnyama | Izindawo ezimnyama ku-stem sag, zikhipha ujusi opinki. | Fafaza ngama-fungicides ngezikhathi ezithile zaphakathi nesonto. Izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo ziyasuswa. |
| Ukugqwala okumhlophe | Izindawo ezimhlophe ezinamathela ngokubumba. | Amagatsha athintekile anqunywa, ezingxenyeni ezisele zenkazimulo yasekuseni enza ukwelashwa kokuthintela ngama-fungicides. |
| I-Anthracnose, imiphumela yokugcwala kwamanzi | Ubala obumnyama obunsundu ngamaqabunga ngokufafazwa okuphuzi kwamabala. | Fafaza inhlabathi nge-phytosporin eyomile, ukhulule. Amahlamvu owonakalisiwe ayasuswa, ukuthambisa kuyancishiswa. |
| Isikhala sesicabucabu | Kuvela izisekelo phansi kweshidi. | Kusetshenziswa ama-insecticides webhayoloji: ukumfakwa kwe-anyanisi noma i -galikhi, ukuthola ukunamathela kangcono kwesisombululo engeza insipho ewuketshezi. |
| Ama-aphid | Hlala phansi kweshidi, kuvele amachashazi akhanyayo kwipuleti ephezulu. | Abasabalalisi bama-aphid bayizintuthwane, kuyadingeka ukulwa nabo, ukubhubhisa izinambuzane ezinamakhemikhali ezitshalweni zasensimini. |
Khula ekuseni inkazimulo onsomi kuvulandi
Abalimi be-Amateur abangenazo izabelo zomhlaba bahlakulela lesi sitshalo kuma-balconies kanye nama-loggias. Ukwesaba akusona isithiyo ekukhuleni.
Ukunakekela izithombo kanye nemivini yabantu abadala kuyafana nokutshala izingadi. Kuyadingeka ukuphina amahlumela ngesikhathi, uwaqondise kwizisekelo. Inhlabathi kumele idliwe njalo, ngokushesha iba mpofu. Izakhiwo eziyimbiwa zinikela okungenani emasontweni amabili kamuva. Ukunisela kuyadingeka njalo, ikakhulukazi uma i-balcony itholakala ohlangothini oluseningizimu. Ukomisa kwethambo lobumba akufanele kuvunyelwe. Ngaseningizimu mpumalanga, ohlangothini olusenyakatho, ama-buds azohlala evulekile isikhathi eside.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyazisa: izinkinga lapho kukhula inkazimulo yasekuseni kuvulandi
Abalimi abaqala babhekana nezimanga ezingemnandi. Ukuze uzigweme, kufanele ucabangele eminye yemisindo yokunakekelwa kwenkazimulo yasekuseni:
- Isiko lidinga ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet. Esikhathini sezulu esipholile semvula, ama-buds angabola; kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukunisela, ukucwilisa inhlabathi, kanye nokuhlelela ukukhanyisela emuva.
- Ngokushisa okuqinile kwehlobo, inkazimulo yasekuseni ingehla amahlamvu, iphuzi. Kungcono ukuthi ubambe izimbiza, uqinise ukuthambisa, futhi ufafaze kusihlwa.
- Kubalulekile ukugwema ukusondela kwamanye amasiko, inkazimulo yasekuseni idinga izakhamzimba.
Enye into: kuvulandi, ku-loggia, ihlumela lezimbewu kufanele lifakwe impova ngebrashi. Ngokuzicwala, imbewu ivuthwa engxenyeni yesithathu yezimbali.
Ipomoea injongo
I-liana yonyaka ngesikhathi esifushane iyakwazi ukuqinisa i-gazebo, uthango. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwesisindo esiluhlaza, kudinga ukusekelwa, ama-trellises, i-twine, i-wire, i-mesh.
I-Ipomoea aimurea idonsa izindonga ngokuphelele, ifihla yonke iphutha. Lesi sitshalo sitshalwe uthango olwe-wicker ezindaweni ezinelanga. Bayakwazi ukuqinisa i-gazebo, i-mesh arch ngenyanga. Isimo sezulu esinamafu, ama-buds awavaleki isikhathi eside.
I-Ipomoea aimurea izizwa imnandi ezimbizeni ezinkulu, yakha isihlahla esidabukisayo esizungeze ukwesekwa. Imbiza yodonga lwakusasa onsomi ingahlelwa kabusha ukusuka endaweni kuya kwenye lapho ihlobisa isiza. Uzohlobisa noma iyiphi ingadi. Amahlamvu aqoshwe, izimbali eziningi zizoba ukutholwa kwangempela ekwakhiweni komhlaba.
Isetshenziselwa ukucasha amawindi abheke eningizimu. Enye indawo elula yezimbali ngumboko wesihlahla, i-liana isukuma ngokushesha eceleni kwesiqu, ibambe amagatsha azungeze, idala isithunzi esivundile. Njengokuxhaswa, i-Driftwood yakudala izokwenza. Inkazimulo yasekuseni izokulunga kunoma iyiphi ikona yengadi.
