Izici zokutshala izimpande zesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi ezivela emakhaya ekhaya

Izimpande eziqhumayo zesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi ziyimifino efunwa kunoma iyiphi insimu. Ukuze ukhule isivuno esikhulu salesi sitshalo, umuntu kufanele akhethe izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene futhi alandele izincomo ezichazwe ngezansi.

Izimpawu zesitshalo nezinhlobo zayo

Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi yisitshalo se-biennial somndeni wakwa-Umbrella.

Izici zayo zezici ziyi:

• ukuphakama kwamahlathi kuze kufike ku-1 m nge-rosette enkulu eluhlaza;
• amaqabunga ahlakazwa, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, enephunga elimqoka;
• Izitshalo zempande zenziwa ngonyaka wokuqala;
• isifo se-tuber nxazonke noma esimise okwesibindi;
• umbala we-tuber uyimpunga noma i-beige-white, i-pulp imhlophe noma ukhilimu;
• i-blooms futhi inikeza imbewu lapho ihlwanyelwa futhi.

Uyazi? Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi sibhekwa njengesitshalo esinokuqukethwe okhalori olungalungile. Ukucubungula i-kcal 19 equkethwe ku-100 g yemifino, umzimba uchitha ama-25 kcal. Ngakho-ke, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi sikhulu kulabo abafuna ukunciphisa umzimba.

Njengamanje, kunenqwaba yezinhlobonhlobo zemibandela yokuvuthwa ehlukile.

Okuthandwa kakhulu kuhlanganisa:

1. Ngaphambi kokuqala Prague giant ivuthwe ngezinsuku ezingu-120. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu zine-pulp elula futhi iphunga elinamandla.
2. Imifino yomsuka I-Diamanta ahlale emhlophe ngemva kokuphathwa komoya. Isikhathi sonyaka okhulayo siyizinsuku eziyi-150, kanti isisindo esilinganisweni se-tuber singu-200 g. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nokupaka.
3. I-Celery Apple Iqukethe ishukela ephezulu futhi ivumela u-5 kg ​​ngehora elilodwa lemitha. Kuphikisana nezifo futhi kugcinwe kahle.
4. Kufika ku-400 g kungakhula izinhlobo ze-tuber Indoda enamandla. Imifino yamaphakathi nonyaka izobe ilungele ezinsukwini ezingu-170.
5. Giant libuye livuthwe ngokulinganisa, futhi ubukhulu be-tuber yalo bufinyelela kuma-700 g. Inzuzo yezinhlobonhlobo ibuye isivuno sayo esiphezulu futhi sinambitheke kakhulu.
6. I-Celery Maxim livuthwe izinsuku ezingu-200 emva kokuhluma futhi libhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zekwephuzile. I-pulp enomsoco enomsoco kanye nobuningi obufinyelela ku-500 g. Igcinwe kahle phakathi nobusika.

Izici zezithombo ezikhulayo zezimpande zesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi ekhaya

Ukuze uthole isitshalo esisimeme, indlela yokutshala le masiko isetshenziswa.

Izinsuku zekhalenda zembewu yokutshala

Izinsuku eziqondile zokutshala kufanele zikhethwe ngokuhambisana nendawo yesifunda yesayithi. Ukugxila esikhathini sokuhlwanyela imbewu emasontweni amabili, isikhathi sokuhlwanyela isilinganiso siqala ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari.

Ukukhethwa nokucubungula imbewu

Ukuhluma kwembewu yesilimo esidliwayo esinamafutha esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kwehla ngokushesha njengoba kugcinwa, yingakho kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe kuphela izinto ezivuthiwe noma ukuthenga imikhiqizo ngekhathi eliqokiwe.

Kubalulekile! Izinhlamvu zezinkampani eziyaziwayo zivame ukuphathwa ngezidakamizwa ezikhethekile zokwelapha nokukhulelwa. Imbewu enjalo ayidingi ukucubungula okungeziwe.

Imbewu ibuye ibe nephesenti enkulu yamafutha abalulekile, ngakho-ke ihluma isikhathi eside.

Ukusheshisa inqubo, sebenzisa izindlela ezintathu:

1. Hlanganisa kuqala imbewu emanzini ngokushisa okungaba ngu-50 ° C ngamaminithi angu-30, bese ushiya emanzini afudumele izinsuku ezimbili.
2. Imbewu yezihloko ekushintsheni okushisa okushisayo, iwashiya amahora angu-8 ku-25 ° C, bese idluliselwa endaweni enezinga lokushisa lika-1 ° C lamahora angu-18.
3. Ihlonywe ephepheni elimanzi noma ngezicubu, zibeka endaweni emnyama. Ukulondoloza izinga elihlala njalo lomswakama, ulinde amahlumela okuqala ahlumekile, emva kwalokho imbewu ihlwanyelwe emhlabathini.

Ukuqoqa imbewu ngokuzimela noma kuthengiwe ngaphandle kokwelashwa kufanele futhi kube ne-disinfected ukunciphisa ingozi yezifo eziqhubekayo. Ukwenza lokhu, imbewu ihlanganiswe nesisombululo se-potassium permanganate noma emalungiselelweni akhethekile ngokwemiyalo.

Ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi efanele namathangi okutshala

Ukuze izithombo zesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi zihlangane nenhlabathi evamile, engathengwa esikhungweni segadi. Ukuze wenze ingxube ngezandla zakho siqu kudingeka uthathe:

• 1 ingxenye yesihlabathi, i-peat ne-humus;
• noma izingxenye ezingu-6 ze-peat, izingxenye ezimbili ze-humus kanye nenxenye eyodwa yenhlabathi engadini.

Uyazi? I-wreath yezinhlayiya zeziliva zanikezwa kubo bonke abadlali beMidlalo ye-Nemean eGrisi lasendulo.

Inhlabathi eqediwe ingasetshenziswa i-disinfected yi-manufacturer, futhi Ingxube eyenziwe ekhaya kufanele ikhutshazwe i-disinfected usebenzisa enye yalezi zindlela:

1. Gcoba isisombululo se-potassium permanganate.
2. I-Steam phezu kokugeza kwamanzi cishe imizuzu engu-10.
3. Burn kuhhavini imizuzu engu-30 ekushiseni kwe + 80 ... + 90 ° C.
4. Sula umhlabathi ku -15 ° C, thinta, phinda inqubo izikhathi ezingu-3.

Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi sivame ukuhlwanyelwa emabhokisini, kodwa kungenzeka futhi ukusebenzisa iziqukathi ezenziwe ngamapulasitiki noma ama-peat.

I-calcination yenhlabathi kuhhavini

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu

Imbewu yesilaridi incane kakhulu, ngakho ayikwazi ukufakwa emhlabathini ojulile kunama mm 5. Ngesinye isikhathi i-uniform ukusabalalisa imbewu emhlabathini isetshenzisiwe, bese ukufafaza okukhanya nge-vermiculite.

Siphinde sikululeke ukuthi ufunde mayelana nezici zokutshala isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi nokuzinakekela endle.

Ukuhlwanyela emigqumeni kwenziwa nge-interval phakathi kwemigqa ka-3 cm. Ungagxila negridi ye-2 × 2 cm, amangqamuzana awo afakwe kahle ngomdlalo.

Izitshalo kufanele zihlanganiswe nefilimu, ishidi lepulasitiki noma ingilazi bese efakwa endaweni emnyama. Ukuhluma okuphumelelayo, kubalulekile ukugcina umswakama oqhubekayo nge sprayer.

Ividiyo: Ukutshala imbewu yesilimo esidliwayo yezithombo

Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo

Ngokushesha lapho amahlumela eqaphela, isitsha kumele sithuthelwe endaweni ekhanyayo enezinga lokushisa cishe ngo-15 ° C. Uma kungekho ukukhanya okwanele ekamelweni, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe nge-fitolamps. Uma kungenjalo, izithombo zizokhishwa masinyane.

Amahlumela esilimo esidliwayo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi angama-brittle and thin thin, ngakho-ke esikhundleni sokuphuza usebenzisa ukuhlunga. Amanzi asetshenziswe kufanele abe sezingeni lokushisa lokushisa (cishe + 25 ° C).

Kubalulekile! Ukushisa kungezansi +10°C kuyoholela ekubunjweni komcibisholo omibalabala ongadingekile.

Ukuhlala ezinkomeni ezihlukene (ukudonsa) kwenziwa emva kokuvela kweqabunga lokuqala lamaqabunga eqiniso ezitshalweni. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukunciphisa impande esemqoka nge-1/3 yobude. Inhlabathi ithululelwa phezu kwe-cotyledon, ishiya indawo evulekile yokukhula.

Emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo ziyadluliselwa hhayi ngasekuqaleni kuka-Meyi, njengoba izitshalo ezincane azibekezeleli i-hypothermia. Izitshalo kufanele zibe namaqabunga angu-5-7, okuhambisana nezinsuku ezingaba ngu-70-80 zokukhula. Kuyinto efiselekayo izinsuku ezingu-10 ngaphambi kokutshala ukuqala ukuqina kancinci kwesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa nokulivula elangeni, kuyilapho kubalulekile ukuvikela ukutshala kusuka emidwebeni kanye nokukhanya kwelanga ezinsukwini zokuqala.

Ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile

Isimo sokuvuna okunomsebenzi ukulungiselela ngokucophelela isayithi sombhede we-celery nokulandela iphethini lokutshala.

Ukukhetha indawo yokufika

Ukuze uhlakulele ngokuphumelelayo isiko kudinga isakhiwo esinomlilo neshlabathi esivundile futhi esivundile namazinga aphansi aphansi komhlaba. Engadini akufanele kube izithasiselo ezintsha eziphilayo. Njengomanyolo entwasahlobo, umquba obolile uqaliswa ngokwefomula 2-4 kg ngehora elilodwa lemitha. I-lime kufanele ifakwe enhlabathini e-acidikhi (1-2 kg ngalinye nge-10 m²), ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zizoba nzima futhi ngeke zifinyelele usayizi olindelekile.

Ukutshala, ungasebenzisa insimu, lapho kuze kube khona-ke kukhule i-nightshade, ukhukhamba, ithanga noma iklabishi. Izinhlobo zokuqala zesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi zingaba nesikhathi sokukhula emva kokuvuna ama-radishes noma imifino, ngakho-ke kuvumela ukwandisa umkhiqizo wesakhiwo esithile.

Thola nokuthi ngabe kungenzeka yini ukutshala isilimo esidliwayo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi ekhaya ngefasiteleni.

Isu lokumisa ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Isikhathi esihle sokutshala izithombo yisikhathi esinamafu noma kusihlwa. Kubalulekile ukulungiselela ikhava yefilimu ezovikela izitshalo ezincane uma kwenzeka kukhanda ebusuku.

Ukutshala izihlahla kwenziwa kanje:

1. Umbhede ubhalwe ngamanqamu nge-interval of 50 cm.
2. Ngaphambi kokutshala umhlaba ugcwele amanzi.
3. Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi sitshalwe, sishiya u-25-30 cm phakathi kwezitshalo. Iphuzu lokukhula lokutshala kumele lihlale phezulu.
4. Ukutshala kuhlanganiswe ifilimu noma i-agrofabric ekhethekile, noma izithombo zinikezwa ukuvikelwa ngabanye, zihlanganisa isitshalo ngasinye ngesigxobo sesitsha seplastiki.

Ibanga phakathi kokutshala kwezithombo ezihlabayo kufanele kube ngu-25-30 cm

Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe

Ukwamukela imifino emikhulu enomsoco kuzosiza imithetho ye-agrotechnology, okumele ibonwe kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ibanga elikhethiwe.

Ukunisela

Lesi siko asikubekezeli ukumile emhlabathini, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuqapha izinga lomswakama walo. Ukuphuza njalo ngenkathi yonke yokukhula kukhishwa ngaphansi komsuka wesitshalo.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Yonke inkathi, udinga ukuchitha izingubo ezingu-4 kulolu hlelo:

1. Izinsuku ezingu-7 emva kokutshala embhedeni, ziphuziswa nge-herbal extract, ezilungiselelwe kusuka kwamagilebhisi atshisiwe (i-nettle, comfrey, chamomile, njll). Ungasebenzisa isixazululo esinamanzi se-mullein.
2. Ngemva kwamasonto amabili, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi sondliwa ngomquba wezinkukhu noma nge-mullein.
3. Maphakathi noJulayi kuyafaneleka ukusebenzisa ama-superphosphates.
4. Esigabeni se-ovary ekhanda, ukondla ngesisombululo se-boric acid kulungile.

Sincoma ukufunda mayelana nokutshala nokunakekela isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi ensimini.

Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi

Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi sitshalisa sifuna inhlabathi evulekile, ngakho emavikini okuqala kunconywa ukukhipha imigqa. Ungaphinda ugcwalise isikhala phakathi kwemibhede ye-mulch, ezogcina isakhiwo somhlabathi futhi unciphise imvamisa yezinto ezikhona zokhula.

Ukulimala ekutshalweni kwalemifino akusetshenzisiwe. Ngokuqina kwempande ngisho batusa ku-otgresti kusuka kuye ingxenye yomhlabathi.

Izimpande nezihlahla

Ngeviki lokuqala ehlobo, izimpande zesikhashana zivame ukuvela emmpandeni, okwandisa umthwalo esikhwameni bese unciphisa ukukhula kwezilimo eziyizigaxa. Bathengwa ngommese obukhali noma amasimu engadini. Sika zonke izimpande, ziqondiswe ngokuzenzekelayo.

Phakathi nonyaka wonke okhulayo, amaqabunga esilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi ayakhula kanti abaphansi bazama kancane kancane phansi. Iziqu ezinjalo zingadliwa futhi zisetshenziselwe izinhloso zokugaya. Lapho ilanga liqala ukwehla, izitshalo zempande zizoholela esigabeni sokukhula esisebenzayo kakhulu futhi inani lamaqabunga lizodinga ukunciphisa. Shiya amahlumela kuphela.

Kubalulekile! Uma ungahambisani nesikhathi esithile samahlamvu, lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa ziyoba zinyama futhi ngeke zifinyelele usayizi ophezulu.

Ukuvuna nokugcina

Ukuvuna kungenziwa ngisho nangemva kweqhwa lokuqala. Izitshalo zomsuka zibekezelela ukuncishiswa kwezinga eliphansi lokushisa kuya ku -3 ° C. Kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi sivuna ngasekupheleni kuka-September-Okthoba.

Izilimo eziyizigaxa kumele zihlanjululwe futhi zifinyelelwe phezulu nezimpande ezincane. Indawo enhle yokugcina iyisilamu ehamba ngezinga lokushisa elingaphezulu kuka-0 ° C. Ngomswakama ophezulu, ongagcinwa ngokubeka imifino enhlabathini emanzi, isitshalo sesitshalo singagcinwa izinyanga ezingu-4-8.

Ividiyo: Ukuvuna nokugcina izimpande zesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi

I-Celery Root iyi-yemifino enhle futhi enempilo elula ukukhula endaweni yakho. Ukufeza izidingo eziyisisekelo zokuhlwanyela imbewu nokuhlwanyela imbewu, ungalindela izitshalo ezinkulu zezitshalo.