I-alocasia enkulu-impande ayitholakali etholakala ezitshalweni ezikhulile ekhaya. Lokhu kukhula okungasendle kukhula eningizimu naseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, eziqhingini zase-Oceania, kanye nasezindaweni zamahlathi ase-Australia. Nokho, maduzane, isitshalo esiyingqayizivele sithola ukuthandwa phakathi kwabalimi bomhlaba wonke. Lesi sihloko sinikeza izincomo ezilula, ezihlomile ongazwakalisa i-alokaziya endlini yakho.
Incazelo ye-Botanical yesitshalo
I-Alocasia enkulu-izimpande (intaba, i-gray-grey, i-thick-stemmed, enkulu-impande-encane) iyisihlahla esivela njalo, uhlobo lwe-Alocasia, lomndeni we-Aroid. Igama lesiLatini lizwakala njenge-Alocasia macrorrhizos. 
Lesi sitshalo sikhulu kakhulu, sinamandla kakhulu, esimweni esihle kakhulu sendawo yasendle sikhula kufika kumamitha amane. I-stem ikhula ngokuqondile kuya cishe ngamamitha ayi-1.5 ukuphakama, bese ilala phansi. Ubude beshidi bufinyelela ku-1 m; isiqu seqabunga leqabunga libuye libe nobude obufanayo. Amaqabunga ahlaza, ahlotshiswe enhliziyweni, aqhakaze. Izimbali azivezi, ziphunga iphunga elimnandi. Izingxenye eziluhlaza ze-alokaziya ziqukethe inani elingenamkhawulo wejusi, umbala nokuhambisana kobisi. Emaqabunga amakhulu anezinhlangothi ezibushelelezi, lezi zinhlobo zibizwa ngokuthi "izindlebe zezindlovu".
Ezindaweni ezivaliwe, imbali ngeke ibe njengesizotha njengendawo yokuhlala yemvelo. Ukukhula kokukhula kunqunyelwe ngosayizi webhodlela kanye nesikhala esivaliwe. Ubukhulu begumbi le-alokazii lisuka ku-80 cm kuya ku-1.5 m ukuphakama nobubanzi.
Uyazi? Ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu bamahlamvu epulangwe, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zifakwe ohlwini lweGuinness Book of Records.
Izakhiwo zezitshalo
Izindlela ezehlukene zokwelashwa ngesisekelo se-alokazii krupnokusneistojna esibhalwe ngomphumela wokuphulukisa. Kodwa-ke, izindawo zokwelapha endalweni zivame ukuhlangana nabantu abanobuthakathaka, okufanayo kufana nesitshalo esimelwe.
Ukwelapha
Ngomuthi ongewona wendabuko, utshani buye lwasetshenziswa amaShayina amakhulu eminyaka. Namuhla, lisetshenziselwa umkhuba wabo odokotela baseNdiya naseSri Lanka. Ijusi elivuthayo nelinomsoco walo muthi unomthelela omubi wendawo, ophazamisa ubuhlungu obungenakubekezeleka emalungwini.
I-Alocasia inikwe ezinye izindawo zokuphulukisa, kuyadingeka kwezifo ezilandelayo:
- i-osteochondrosis, i-arthritis, i-rheumatism, i-gout;
- i-thrombophlebitis ne-varicose veins;
- i-hemorrhoids;
- amazinyo;
- ikholera
- amanxeba avulekile nemivimbo, ehambisana nokulimala;
- i-pathologies ye-gland yegciwane;
- nge-neoplasms;
- nge-immunity ebuthakathaka nokutheleleka kaningi komzimba.
Ngesisekelo sezingxenye ezingenhla ezingaphansi komhlaba, amafutha okugcoba, amafutha, ama-slurries, ama-tinctures emanzini nasotshwala kwenziwa. Imithi yokwelapha ngokwemvelo itholakala eqabini elilodwa ne-petiole. Utshani ubeka ama-0.5 amalitha e-vodka endaweni emnyama cishe amasonto amabili.
Kuyingozi
Odokotela baseYurophu abazange bafunde lesi sitshalo ngokwanele - akukho bufakazi besayense bokuphilisa kwawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azikho izindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-alokaziya.
Kuyaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi imifino inobuthi, ayikwazi ukuletha impumuzo kuphela, kodwa futhi ingalimaza umzimba. Uma isetshenziswe ngendlela engafanele, ijusi elinobuthi lenza ukuthi isisulu siphenduke, sithukuthele noma sishiswe esikhumbeni. Futhi uma udla ngephutha ucezu lweqabunga, u-alokaziya odidekile nge-ginseng, awukwazi ukugwema ukudla okuyi-poisoning.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba i-alokaziya inobuthi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa imithi ephuma ngaphandle kuphela. Futhi ukuze ugweme imiphumela engathandeki yokusetshenziswa okungafundiwe kwangaphandle, thintana nodokotela wakho kuqala.
Izimo zokuhlakulela ekhaya ngokuphumelelayo
Lezi zinhlobo zinconywa ukuba zigcinwe emahholo avulekile, amakamelo, ama salons, amahhovisi, amahhovisi, ama-windows-amakhompiyutha noma amathilomu.
Ukushisa
Isiko sizizwa sikhululekile ekushiseni okungaphakathi ngaphakathi + ku-22 ... + 28 ° С ehlobo. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, lesi sibalo kufanele sinciphise sibe ngu-18 ... + 20 ° С.
Umswakama womoya
Uma usesendlini, utshani obunomswakama obunomswakama lungabhekana ne-microclimate eyomile ngokweqile, ngakho-ke, ekushiseni kwehlobo, izimpande ze-Alokia kumele zibe zivame futhi zifakwe njalo. Sebenzisa lamanzi afudumele, ahlelekile kahle.
Ezinyangeni zasebusika ngokuhlunga, qaphela, ngoba umswakama ophezulu ohlangene nokupholisa kungabangela ukubunjwa nokubola. Ebusika, kungcono ukunciphisa ukusula amaqabunga ngendwangu ebomvu. Inqubo izosusa uthuli oluqoqiwe kusuka emaqabungeni, luthuthukise, ngaleyo ndlela lukwazi ukufinyelela umoya emoyeni.
Indawo nomthamo wokukhula
I-Alocasia impande enkulu ayibekezelelisi ngemimoya, ngakho-ke imisa imbiza eminyango yemasango namafasitela avulekile. Imbali ayithandi ilanga elikhanyayo. Ngokuqondile, uma uthola indawo e-penumbra.
Izimpande zomfokazi oshisayo azikhuphuki kahle kakhulu futhi zikhuthele phansi, ngakho khetha ikhono elifanele - elijulile futhi elingaphansi kakhulu. Into engcono kakhulu ye-tank iplastiki noma i-ceramic.
Uyazi? I-Alocasia inesici esithakazelisayo - sikwazi ukunikeza isibikezelo sezulu. Ekuseni kwemvula, amahlumela amakhulu ebala ebonakalayo avela ebusweni bamaqabunga eduze kwetshe, njengezinyembezi. Ngakho amagama anjalo athandwayo njenge "pod weather", "barometer bukhoma", "isililo". Kodwa kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi "ukubikezela" kwembali kungathembeka kuphela ngokuchelela okulungile.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Uma unakekela "izindlebe zezindlovu", ziqondiswe yizimo lapho izitshalo zasendle zikhula khona.
Ukunisela
I-Alocasia ithanda umswakama futhi ihlukumeze ngokuphendula ukungabi khona kwayo. Kodwa awukwazi ukuwachitha ngokuphuza, ikakhulu ebusika. Imvamisa yokuphuza ixhomeke ngqo ekushiseni. Ukushisa, ukuchelela okuvame kakhulu. Ezinyangeni zasehlobo, nisela amanzi isikhathi 1 ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3. Ebusika, umkhawulo wenkomidi eyodwa ezinsukwini ezingu-8-10. Ngaphambi kokukhamba okulandelayo, linda kuze kube yilapho ubuso bomdaka bubumba khona.
Sebenzisa amanzi asele amahora angu-6. Ukushisa kwakhe kufanele kube ngaphezu kwekamelo lokushisa nge-degrees 2-3. Amanzi avela epanini ngazo zonke izindlela ahlangane.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Qala ukuletha izakhi kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba - kanye namaviki amabili. Sebenzisa izakhiwo zamaminerali zomhlaba wonke zezitshalo zasendlini. Ukugqoka okuphezulu okuqukethe okuningi kwe-nitrogen ne-potassium (isibonelo, "Agricola 7") kuyasiza kakhulu. Kunconywa ukushintsha amanye amaminerali ngendaba ephilayo ehlanjululwe ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuya ku-30 futhi efakwe izinsuku ezingu-5.
Ebusika, kungcono ukwenqaba ukwenza izithako. Kodwa uma imbali yakho iqhubeka ikhula phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ungayidla kancane (1 isikhathi ngenyanga). Nciphisa umanyolo obunzima izikhathi ezingu-3 amanzi ngaphezu kokunconywa kwiphakheji.
Kubalulekile! Ungadluli ngama-fertilizer. Isamba sabo esiningi ngokweqile sithinta isimo esijwayelekile sesitshalo.
Ukudubula
Isihambi esingokwemvelo akudingeki lokhu kukhwabanisa. I-pruning kuphela ongayisebenzisa ngayo ukuhlanzwa okuthiwa ukuhlanzwa. Okuyinhloko yenkambiso ukususwa kwamagatsha omisiwe noma obolile. Lawa maqabunga ayakunquma izihlahla zezinyosi emathisini aphilile. Amanxeba ungakhohlwa ukucubungula umlotha wemithi.
Ungazama ukubuyekeza i-alokaziya, ukusika wonke amaqabunga bese ushiya isiqu esingenalutho. Izihlahla ezikhazimulayo ezinjalo ziyovusa amafihlethi amancane futhi zikhulise. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyindlela engcono kakhulu engavumelekile ukuthi ayiqinisekisi isiphetho esiyimpumelelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asikho isidingo esikhethekile senqubo enjalo, ngoba i-smart alokaziya iyakwazi ukuzivuselela, ilahle amaqabunga endala nakwezinye.
Ukufakelwa
Uma isikhathi esingapheli sibonakala sinempilo, ukufakelwa kabusha imbali encane kuyadingeka isikhathi 1 ngonyaka, nangomuntu omdala - njalo eminyakeni engu-2-3. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu senqubo siqala entwasahlobo. Ngokuphathelene nomuntu omdala we-alokazii, indlela yokufakelwa kabusha isetshenziswa ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokushintshwa okuyingxenye yecala elingenhla le-substrate.
Ngakho-ke, siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayeze ngezinqubo eziningiliziwe zokufakelwa isitshalo esingavamile:
- Esigubheni esilungisiwe sosayizi omkhulu (esenziwe nge-plastiki noma nge-ceramics), gcwalisa umsele nge-1/3 yenani eliphelele.
- Engeza enye substrate (ingxenye 1 yomhlabathi ohlaza, ingxenye 1 yama-humus, ingxenye eyodwa ye-peat, 0.5 ingxenye yesihlabathi). Inhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-acidic encane (5.0-6.0 pH).
- Susa kahle imbali ngaphandle kokuphula i-coma yomhlaba. Uma lesi sitshalo sesitshalalwa okokuqala ngemuva kokuwuthenga esitolo, kungcono ukugeza umhlabathi omdala kusuka ezimpandeni ngamanzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo uhlole ngokucophelela i-rhizome - ulahle izindawo ezibolile. Phatha amanxeba akho ngamachibi asebenzayo aphethwe, bese woma cishe ihora.
- Gcoba i-rhizome ebhodweni, unakekele ukuthi ungalimazi.
- Engeza ingxube enhlabathini emisha ezinhlangothini, uthabathe ibhodlela kancane endaweni ebanzi.
Kubalulekile! Zama ukungena ngaphakathi kwikhola yomcibisholo, kodwa hhayi ukugubha phansi.
Izinhlobo zokuzala
Ekhaya, i-alokaziya ingasakazwa ngezindlela ezahlukene: ngokuhlukanisa i-rhizome, ngokusika, ngenzalo.
Imbewu
Imbewu kumele ihlwanyelwe engxenyeni yezwe equkethe izingxenye ezilinganayo zesihlabathi kanye ne-peat. Vala imbewu eduze kakhulu, bese umboza isitsha ngeglasi noma usiqinise ngefilimu.
Ngezinye izikhathi susa ukuvikelwa ukuze uhambise inhlabathi. Inkomba yokushisa ekamelweni kufanele ibe cishe + 24 ° C. Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela, kudingeka badonsa, futhi emva kwesikhashana baphinda inqubo. Khona-ke izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukufakelwa kabusha ezinkalweni ezincane kuze kufike ku-7 cm ububanzi. Uma uhlelo lwezimpande zezimbali lugcwalisa sonke isitsha, i-Alocasia izodinga ukudluliselwa ebhodweni elikhulu.
Cuttings
Inqubo yokusakaza nge-cuttings yilezi:
- Ekhoneni lika-45 ° ukusika i-apical noma i-leaf cutting.
- Yabeka amahora amahora angu-3-4, bese uhlela ukuvuselela izimpande.
- Tshala isitshalo esilungisiwe ku-substrate eyenziwe ngesihlabathi kanye ne-peat.
- Gcoba isitshalo ngephakheji, ungakhohlwa ukuba njalo emoyeni. Zama ukugcina i-microclimate emswakama, efudumele.
- Ngemva kwenyanga, izimpande zizovela, bese kuthiwa iqabunga elincane.
I-cuttings igxuma kahle emanzini abilisiwe ngophawu lwamalahle olwengeziwe lapho.
Uyazi? Phakathi kwabaxhasi be-Feng Shui ukufundisa, u-Alokazia ubhekwa njengongqongqoshe weNyanga, ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuba uqale abantu abangalawuleki nabangacasuli ekhaya. Imbali iveza umnikazi wayo ukubekezelelana nobubele.
Isigaba
Ukusabalalisa nge-rhizome division kuyindlela elula ehlangene nokufakelwa kabusha ukuze kungalimazi imbali futhi:
- Thola ukusebenza ngasekupheleni kukaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Susa ngokucophelela inhlabathi, uqaphele ungalimazi izimpande ezibucayi.
- Sebenzisa ithuluzi elibukhali ukuze uhlukanise i-rhizome ukuze kube khona ihlumela engxenyeni ngayinye ehlukanisiwe ne-rosette yamaqabunga.
- Uma isikhafu soma, sitshala imbali emhlabathini bese usheshe usule kahle. Ukushisa ekamelweni akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-24 ° C.
- Izindwangu zivame ukuhluma kuze kube yilapho amahlamvu eqala ukuqina.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka ngokukhula
Nakuba ukunakekelwa kwekhaya kwe-alokaziya krupnokornevoy akulona kunzima, namanje ezinye izinkinga azifakiwe.
Amanzi aqhubekayo angena ekuhloleni kwe-rhizome. Amahlamvu omisa ubonisa izinkinga. Ukuthola inkinga, udlulise imbali, usike izimpande ezibolile. Esigubheni esisha, nikeza isitshalo nge-drainage enhle nenhlabathi ekhukhulayo. Masinyane ngemva kokugcoba, khipha amanzi epanini.
Pale, kodwa hhayi ukumisa amaqabunga kubonisa ukuntuleka izakhi. Umanyolo womhlaba wonke unciphisa kancane futhi uwathululele "izindlebe zezindlovu."
Hlola izinhlobo ezidumile ze-alokazii.Izinambuzane ezinonya zizama ukuyeka isitshalo esinobuthi, ngakho-ke azilimazi kangako. U-Alokaziya ubhekene nokuhlaselwa kwezidumbu, kuphela obuthakathaka ngokunakekelwa okungalungile. I-spider mite ingaqala phezu kwamapulangwe amaqabunga uma ingasetshenzisiwe ngembali futhi ingasondeli umoya. Endabeni yokulwa nalezi zinambuzane, geza amahlamvu ngamanzi, ulaphe ngokukhipha ugwayi obuthakathaka noma inambuzane emkhakheni (Vermitek, Fitoverm, Aktofit).
Uma uthanda izitshalo ezingavamile, kufanele usitshale imithombo enkulu i-alokaziya ekhaya. Njengoba usukhulile le mbali, ngeke uthole nje umhlobiso onokunethezeka ongaphakathi kwekamelo, kodwa futhi ube ngumnikazi wekhemisi egcwele eluhlaza.
