Ukutshala kweClematis

I-Clematis e-Urals: ukutshala nokunakekelwa

I-Clematis iyimbali enhle kakhulu, ekhangayo nge-tenderness kanye nezimbali ezikhululekile. Ukuze uzizwe ngokugcwele ubuhle balesi sitshalo esiyingqayizivele, udinga nje ukuzama ukukukhula. Izimbali ezinamandla, eziwela phansi kwamanzi ziphoqa umlimi ukuba anakekele isitshalo ngendlela efanele, nakuba, ngendlela, i-clematis ayidingi lokhu.

Kubalulekile! I-Clematis iyisitshalo esinobuthi. Naphezu kokuthi akuyingozi kakhulu kunezinye izitshalo ezinobuthi, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukuthintana nejusi layo, njengoba kubangelwa ukuhlunga isikhumba nokushisa. Futhi khumbula ukuthi ngisho namanqamu amancane amaqabunga noma ijusi angabangela ukuphuma kwesisu kanye ne-intestinal colic.

Ukuhlakulela kwalesi creeper ngeke kubangele ubunzima ngisho nokukhiqiza isitshalo sokuqala, ngakho-ke noma ubani ofuna ukujabulela ukucabangela ukunethezeka kwawo okunethezeka uzokwazi ukuqala uketshezi ensimini yakhe.

I-Clematis eya ema-Urals: izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhula

Izimo zesimo sezulu eziMayini zinzima kakhulu, ngakho-ke kukhona ukusabalalisa okungalingani kwezulu. Labo abahlala e-Urals kufanele bathathe indlela ephethe kakhulu ekukhethweni kwezinhlobo ze-clematis.

Ngaphandle kokukhethwa okukhethwa kukho okukhethwa yi-Urals kukhona izinhlobo zikaPetru, isivini futhi isihlahla esivamile, njengoba bengavumi ukubekezela njalo ebusika. Futhi ayihambisani nezinhlobo ezikhulayo ezifana empumalanga, evuthayo futhi elibomvu, ngoba ukukhuthazela kwabo kwanele kuphela ukuthwala -20 ° C, futhi lokhu akunakwanele ukuba usinde ezinkathini zase-Ural ezinzima. Imivini enjalo izozizwa kahle ezindlini zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo, izithombo zokugcina izithombo, izivande zasebusika noma izitshalo zokubhaka.

Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-clematis ze-Urals - yilokho okweqembu lesibili nelesithathu, ihlumela ukuthi yini ebusika ngokunciphisa noma ekhishwe ngokuphelele. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-clematis zidinga indawo yokuhlala yasezingeni eliphakeme ngesikhathi sasebusika. Uma sithatha njengesisekelo ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobo zezinhlobo emgqeni womama, khona-ke I-Urals kunconywa ukukhetha izinhlobo ezilandelayo:

  1. Izinhlobo ze-Clematis Jakman hybrid ziyi-liana enamahlathi amakhulu-aphethwe yizihlahla ezikhula ngaphezu kwezingamamitha amane ubude. Izihlahla zigcwele amaqabunga amahle futhi zinezimpande ezisekelwe kahle. Abadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile futhi bayokunika ukunakekelwa okuncane ngezimbali ezinhle ze-lilac ezifinyelela ku-20 cm ububanzi. Lezi zihlukahlukene zihlukaniswa izimbali zalo eziphanayo futhi ezide. Ngesikhathi sokulungiselela ubusika, isitshalo sinqunywe ngokuphelele noma sishiya amahlumela asisekho kuka-30 cm.
  2. I-Integrifolia (izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-clematis) ama-botanist ayebhekwa njengeqembu elihlukile le-shrub clematis, abameleli balo bangafinyelela ubude obungamamitha angu-2.5. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, imivini ihlanganiswe nezimbali ezinemibala ekhangayo enezinsimbi ezifinyelela ku-12 cm ububanzi.
  3. I-Vititsella (izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-clematis ezibomvu) - Ziyizinhlanzi ezinjengamahlathi. Lesi sitshalo sesitshalo sifinyelele ubude obufinyelela kumamitha angu-3.5, lapho kufana khona amaqabunga ama complex kanye nezimbali ezinkulu ezimnandi ezingafinyelela ku-12 cm ububanzi. Ziningi kakhulu ezibomvu, ezibomvu nezibomvu. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, isihlahla esisodwa esikhulu sihlanganiswe namakhulu ezimbali.
I-Clematis woolly, i-Vititsella, i-Zhakmana, i-gray, i-virginia, i-short-tailed, i-pilchatolistnogo, i-Tangut ingamelana nokunciphisa izinga lokushisa kuya ku -27 ° C. Nokho Umholi ongenakuphikiswa phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezifanele ukulima eMigungwini, kubhekwa ngokuthi "Wil de Lyon" eqenjini leVititsella, okuyinto, ngisho nasezimo ezimbi kakhulu, izokujabulisa ngezimbali ezijabulisayo ze-carmine.

Ukukhetha indawo yokutshala i-clematis

Uma uhlwanyela i-clematis ku-Urals, kubalulekile ukuthatha indlela enokwethenjelwa ekukhethweni kwesayithi lokulima.

Kubalulekile! Uma uzokukhuphula i-clematis, khumbula ukuthi isitshalo sesaba umoya obandayo kanye nemidwebo, ngakho-ke, uma wenza iphutha ekukhetheni indawo endaweni yakho, khona-ke lesi sitshalo ngeke sikwazi ukukujabulisa ngokuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo nokuthuthuka okusheshayo.

Indawo yokutshala imivini kufanele ibe eyomile, ngaphandle kwamanzi athile entwasahlobo. Uma indawo ekhethiwe ibhekwa indawo eseduze yamanzi enhlabathi, khona-ke ukugeleza okungenani okungama-20 cm ukuphakama okwenziwe ngetshe elichotshoziwe noma isitini ephukile kufanele kuhlonywe. Ngenxa yokuthi i-clematis ingumvini, idinga inhlangano yenkxaso. Ekuqaleni, kuyodingeka ubophe lesi sitshalo, kodwa njengoba sikhula, sizoqala ukubambelela ekusekeleni ngokwawo ngosizo lwekhasi le-petioles.

UClematis uyakuthanda ukukhanya, ngakho-ke indawo yokufika kwayo kufanele ilanga futhi ivikeleke emaphethelweni nasemimoya.

Izici zokufika kwe-clematis ku-Urals

Emhlabathini ovuthiwe watshala izivini ekwindla noma entwasahlobo. Uma kwenzeka uthenge i-clematis sapling ekwindla, kulungile ukuyikopisha kuze kufike entwasahlobo bese uhlala endaweni evulekile ngokufika kwezinsuku ezifudumele. Uma uthenge ihlumela ehlobo, uhlelo lwempande lwakhona esitsheni esivaliwe, bese lutshalwe emhlabathini ekwindla. Ngemva kokutshala futhi ngaphambi kokuhluma, isitshalo sidinga ukuhlela shading eliphezulu, okuzoyivikela ilanga eliqondile. Uma uthenge ihlumela ngezimpande ezinomile kancane, ngakho-ke ukuze ukwandiswe ukubunjwa kwempande nokusinda kwesitshalo, kumele kusetshenziswe amahora angu-6 kuya kwangu-8 emanzini lapho u-Epin ayengenwe ngaphambilini.

Ukukhethwa kwezithombo

Uma ukhetha izithombo ze-clematis, khumbula ukuthi ukuze uhlale ezindaweni zokuHlelwa kwama-Urals nokungazinkathazo, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole ngokucophelela ingxenye yomhlabathi kanye ne-rhizome ukuze kube khona ukulimala komshini, kanye nokunqotshwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo. Uma ubona isilonda esingenakuphulukisa empilweni uma uyithenga, cishe cishe isitshalo sithinteka yi-fungus, ngakho-ke kungcono ukwenqaba ukuyithenga.

Hlola ngokucophelela ama-rhizomes of izithombo. Ungathenga ngokuphephile ihlumela, uma izimpande eziphakathi zimbozwa nge-carpet encane yezimpande ezincane, azomisiwe, zingenayo imonakalo yomshini kanye nezilonda ngokubola noma isikhunta. Uma ukusika oyikhethile kunomuthi oyinhloko kuphela, ongenawo amagatsha ahlangothini, khona-ke umkhumbi akakwazi ukugxila noma uyolimaza isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Ukulungiselela ukuhamba ngomgodi

I-Clematis ayithobeki, kodwa ibucayi kakhulu ngokukhetha inhlabathi. Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukuqala kokukhanya, kahle nokukhulelwa nokuphefumula. Uma ngabe udaka noma indawo enomhlabathi ikhona endaweni yakho, ngakho-ke ukuze uthuthukise izici zazo ze-aeration, kufanele uxutshwe nesihlabathi ekulungiseleleni inhlabathi.

Ukuphumelela kokukhula kwe-clematis kuncike ekutshalweni okulungile nokunakekelwa kwesitshalo, Okubaluleke ngokukhethekile ukugcwaliseka kwazo zonke izidingo lapho ukhula imivini e-Urals. Uma uhlwanyela isihlahla, kufanele uqale ukumba imbobo engamasonto angu-60 ngokujula, kanye no-60 cm ububanzi nobude. Ephakathi kwegodini kukhona intaba yamanzi, ehlanganiswe ne-substrate ephethe izingxenye ezilinganayo zomquba, umquba kanye nenhlabathi yensimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kune-150 g ye-superphosphate kanye no-400 g wefulawa i-dolomite.

Indlela yokutshala i-clematis

Uma ukutshala i-clematis kufanele ufake insimu phakathi nendawo yomgodi emagqumeni amanzi. Manje ngobumnene usakaze izimpande phezu kwesiqongo ugcwalise ngenhlabathi elungiselelwe. Emva kokutshala imivini, kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa kancane inhlabathi endaweni ye-stalk futhi ubophe ihlumela ekusekeleni okufakwe ngaphambilini.

Uyazi? Ukukhula okukhulu kwe-clematis sapling, kuyodingeka kube lula ukulungisa umgodi wokutshala.

Emva kokutshala, lesi sitshalo kufanele siphuziswa ngamanzi afudumele. Khumbula ukuthi ukuze uvimbele ukubola kwezimpande ze-creeper, kuyadingeka ukuwahambisa ekamelweni lokushisa ekuqaleni.

Indlela yokunakekela ama-clematis ku-Urals

I-clematis engenangqondo ayidingi izimo ezithile zokutshala izitshalo uma ikhulile. Lesi sitshalo sizokubonga kakhulu ngokunisela okwesikhashana, ukufaka umanyolo, ukukhulula inhlabathi nokusika izihlahla. Ukunakekelwa kahle komuntu omuhle kuyisihluthulelo sokwethula kwakhe okunomusa. Izitshalo zokumboza phansi zingasetshenziswa ezungeze isihlahla ukuze kuthuthukiswe izici zokuhlobisa zesayithi, ezizosiza ukuvikela izimpande zomvini ngokumelene nokushisa okukhulu ngosuku olushisayo futhi kuzovimbela ukukhuphuka ngokushesha komswakama.

Ukunisela

Ukuze i-clematis ijabule ukukhula okuhle, kuzodinga inhlangano yokuchelela okufanele. Ukuthambisa okungavamile yisona sizathu esiholela ekufeni kwesitshalo. U-Liana uphenduka kabi ngokuchelela njalo futhi okuncane, okuyingozi kakhulu kuye ukuphuza phakathi nendawo ehlathini. Izenzo ezinjalo zingabangela ukunqotshwa kwentamo yomthamo wokubola, futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, umswakama awukwazi ukungena emhlabathini, lapho izimpande ze-clematis zitholakala khona.

Izimpande zemivini zikhulu kakhulu futhi zijulile, ngakho-ke isitshalo sidinga ukuchelela okuhle: isihlahla esidala kufanele sithole okungenani amabhakede amathathu amanzi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukunisela kuyakwenziwa kahle njalo ezinsukwini ezine, kodwa ukuze amanzi awasakazeki emgodini ongajulile, kodwa angene emhlabathini. Ukwenza lokhu, nxazonke ehlathini ukudala umgodi ojikelezayo ebangeni elingama-40 cm emagodini asehlathini. Uma utshala isitshalo, kungenzeka ukumba izingcezu ezincane zamapayipi epulasitiki emhlabathini ngokuzenzekelayo futhi kancane kancane uthele amanzi kuwo ngesikhathi sokuchelela.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

I-Clematis idinga ukwethulwa kwemithi emikhulu yemifuno, echaza ukuthi isitshalo sinomsila omude futhi ophangayo, futhi futhi, sidinga amandla okuvuselelwa konyaka komhlaba.

Kubalulekile! Khumbula ukuthi umanyolo kufanele usetshenziswe enhlabathini uma ukhula ngokucwilisa kaningi, kodwa ngezigaba ezincane, ngoba ukuphathwa okukodwa kwezidakamizwa eziphawulekayo kungalimaza izimpande zawo ngokushisa kwamakhemikhali.

Uma ukhula i-clematis, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhambisane nokusungulwa kwezimila eziphilayo nezamaminerali. I-Lian kufanele idliwe okungenani izikhathi ezingu-4 ngonyaka ngamunye. Ngaphambi kokungeniswa kwamanyolo, lesi sitshalo kufanele siphuze kahle, ngoba lokhu kuzovimbela ukutholakala kokushisa kwamakhemikhali.

Ekwindla, ngaphambi kokulungiselela isihlahla, ebusika, isidlo samathambo esilinganisweni esingu 200 g ngomitha wesikwele ngasinye senziwa emhlabathini. Imfihlo yukuthi ukukhula okugcwele isitshalo kudinga amanani amakhulu e-phosphorus. Ngaphandle kwalesi sici, amaqabunga ayo azoqala ukukhula ensundu, futhi isihlahla ngokwawo siyoyeka ukukhula. Ungase futhi ujabulele isitshalo nge humus.

Uyazi? I-Clematis bush, esesiteji sesibhakabhaka, ayinconywa ukuba yondle, ngoba lokhu kuzobangela ukunciphisa okukhulu esikhathini sokuqhakaza.

Esigabeni sokuthuthukiswa kwemifino esebenzayo, i-clematis idinga ukufaka umanyolo owengeziwe nge-nitrogen, ngoba ngokuntuleka kwayo isitshalo ngeke sikwazi ukudalula ngokugcwele izakhi zayo zofuzo, futhi amaqabunga ayo nezimbali azoba madlanzana, angase aqale aphuzi futhi abe obomvu. Ukuze ukhokhele ukungabi nalutho kwe-nitrogen, ungondla izihlahla ze-slurry zihlanjululwa emanzini noma ezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni. Ama-fertilizer e-organic kufanele ashintshwe ngamaminerali. U-Liana uthanda i-ammonium nitrate, urea ne-nitroammofosku. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, izitshalo nazo zidinga ukujozwa nge-potassium. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izihlahla kufanele zondliwe nge-potassium nitrate.

Lapho sekuqala izinsuku zokufudumala zasentwasahlobo, amahlumela athululelwa ngobisi obuketshezi, okusiza ukuvimbela inhlabathi ukuba ingaboni.

Ukudubula

Ukudubula kuyisici esibaluleke kunazo zonke zokulima ukuphumelela kwe-clematis.. Kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuqina nokuvuselelwa kwezihlahla, kanye nokwandisa ukuqina kwezimbali. Ukusika izihlahla ezinhlumela ezibuthakathaka, ezincane nezonakele kusiza ukukhulisa izimbali. Ehlobo, amagatsha amancane asuswa ehlathini, okwenza ukuba kuvele amahlumela amasha futhi kukhulise izimbali.

Cishe zonke izinhlobonhlobo ze-clematis ngemuva kokutshala ngenxa ye-stem eyinhloko iselulele phezulu, ngakho-ke ziyakunquma, zishiya amaqabunga ambalwa kuphela. Lokhu ukukhwabanisa kushukumisa ukwakhiwa kweziqu eziningana ze-basal.

Lapho ukhipha izihlahla ze-Jacmman, i-Vititsella, i-Intergrifolia, lapho kuvela khona ukuqhuma ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, ukususwa kwamahlumela endala kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo entwasahlobo, okukhuthaza ukukhula kwamagatsha amasha.

Ukusekelwa kwe-Clematis

Ukuze ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kwabakhambayo kudingeka bafake ukwesekwa, okungahle kuboniswe ngamapulangwe, amapiramidi kanye nemiklamo yamafilimu adumile. Uma ukhetha ukusekelwa, khumbula lokho ubukhulu bezakhi zalo akufanele kudlulele 1 - 1.2 cm. Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi, ekhula, amahlumela athola isisindo esibalulekile, ngakho-ke akuzona zonke izinto ezingamelana nazo.

Kubalulekile! Uma ukhetha ukwesekwa, akufanele utshale i-clematis ebangeni elingaphansi kwesigamu semitha kusukela odongeni lwezitini, futhi isitshalo kufanele sibekwe ngaphezulu kocingo lwensimbi, ngoba ukutholakala kwezakhiwo ezinjalo kuzothinta kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwayo.
Ama-cylinders ensimbi enziwe ngezikhonkwane futhi agonywe eduze kwamahlathi ayisekela elihle kakhulu emahlathini. Ukubukeka okungathandeki kancane nokugcwala kwamacwecwe. Imiklamo enhle kangaka iyoba umhlobiso oyinhloko yimuphi isayithi.

Izindlela zokukhiqiza ama-clematis ku-Urals

I-Clematis isakazwe ngokubeka, ihlukanisa izihlahla kanye nokuhlanganiswa. Zonke lezi zindlela ziyi-vegetative, ngakho-ke zikuvumela ukuba ugcine ngokugcwele zonke izici ze-varietal bese uthola izitshalo ngezimpande zawo. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zokuzalanisa ama-clematis ku-Urals zihlanganiswa.

Amahlumela athathwa ehlathini ahlukaniswe ama-cuttings kusuka ku-8 kuya ku-10 cm ubude futhi abekwe usuku esixazululweni sokuvuselela izimpande, emva kwalokho atshalwe esitheni sokushisa futhi embozwe nge-jar ingilazi. Ngaphambi kokuba izimpande zivele, inhlabathi lapho izithombo zibekwe khona zifakwe ngamanzi futhi zihlale zimanzi. Ngemva kokuba amahlumela athole izimpande zawo, atshalwe ukuhlala unomphela.

Akuthandwa kakhulu ukuhlukaniswa kwehlathi. Le ndlela isetshenziswe lapho umvini usukhulile kakhulu, noma uma isihlahla sitshalwe endaweni entsha. Izihlahla ezabiwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Ngemuva kokuqothula, kuhlukaniswe izitshalo eziningi ezizimele, ezitshalwe phansi.

Abalimi be-Novice basakaza ama-clematis ngokubeka. Ukuze athole impahla yokutshala, amahlumela amancane ehlathini abekwe emigodini elungiselelwe kusengaphambili futhi ehlanganiswe nomhlaba, eshiya ingxenye engenhla yehlumela ngaphezu komhlaba. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amaqabunga ahluma, futhi amahlumela avela kubo, ahlukaniswe nesihlahla somzali, ahlukaniswe izitshalo ezizimele futhi atshalwe emigodini ehlukene.

Indlela yokuvikela umvini ebusika

Lapho kuqala ekwindla, udinga ukucabanga ngakho indlela yokuvikela i-clematis ema-Urals kusuka emazingeni okushisa aphansi ebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibanda, esimweni esomile, uthele ibhakede lama-humus phakathi nendawo ehlathini, ngemuva kokususa wonke amaqabunga aphansi esitshaleni bese uphatha intambo ye-basal nge-sulfate yethusi. Ngemva kwalokho, ukuphakama kwehlathi kuqhutshwa ukuphakama okungaba ngu-15 cm ngomlotha nomhlabathi.

Ukuze indawo yokuhlala i-clematis ehlathini isebenzise kuphela indlela eyomile: Amahlumela esitshalo aqoshiwe noma aphikisiwe futhi ahlelwe phansi, emva kwalokho ahlanganiswe amaqabunga omile omile, amagatsha ase-spruce noma i-foam echotshoziwe. Ihlanganiswe nebhokisi, elihlanganiswa ngendwangu yokuphahla, ukuphahlazeka kunomuzwa noma ezinye izinto ezingenawo amanzi, zigxiliwe emaceleni ngamatini noma ngamatshe futhi zihlanganiswe ngendwangu yomhlaba phezulu.

Ukukhula engadini ye-clematis kuvulwa amathuba okuklama okungenamkhawulo kumlimi okhulisa izitshalo. Futhi uma ungaba nobuvila futhi udale izimo ezikhululekile zesitshalo, ke izihlahla ezimbalwa ze-clematis zizophenduka kalula ngisho nengxenye ephansi kunazo zonke yepharadesi.