Utshani olufaneleko lubhekisela ezintweni ezendabuko ezisetshenziselwa ukugcinwa kokubili izinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa kanye nezimboni zezinogwaja. Liyasetshenziswa kabanzi njengetayitela enobungozi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimo zezilwane ziphi. Nokho, ngaphandle kwalokhu, utshani ngokuvamile lusebenza njengomsoco ekudleni kwezidalwa eziphilayo eziphilayo. Kulesi sihloko sizobheka ngokuningiliziwe izimiso eziyisisekelo zokusebenzisa utshani njengokondla, futhi uchaze ukuphikisana okuyinhloko nokulimala kwalo mkhiqizo emzimbeni wabanogwaja.
Unogwaja unogwaja
Naphezu kwemibono eminingi ephikisanayo phakathi kwababelethi bezinogwaja emhlabeni wonke mayelana nezinzuzo zokhuni, lo mkhiqizo usetshenziselwa kakhulu ekudleni izilwane ezifuywayo, ikakhulukazi ngokuntuleka kwezinga eliphakeme le-hay noma olunye uhlobo lwe-roughage. Inani layo eliyinhloko lomzimba wabanogwaja luyisiqu esiphezulu se-fiber. 
Zonke izinhlobo eziphilayo ezidinga kakhulu lezi zidakamizwa, ngoba ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-fiber emzimbeni wabo, ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwamaphethelo emathunjini kungenzeka, kanye nezinye izidakamizwa ezishisayo ezigumbini nezinhlelo eziseduze. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke utshani kunomthelela omncane oshukumisayo kumgudu wokugaya ukudla.
Lokhu kuhambela ukuhamba kokudla emathunjini, okungagcini nje ekuthuthukiseni ukugaya ukudla okunye umzimba, kodwa futhi kuqiniswa umsebenzi womathumbu wonke. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ngcono esimweni esiningi somzimba, ukwanda komkhuhlane, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokuphela wokuzalanisa unogwaja. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekutshalweni kwezinhlobo zezinyama, ngoba ukungabi khona kwe-fibre ekudleni kogwaja kuba imbangela eyinhloko yezinkinga zemetabolisi, futhi kanye nalo ikhwalithi yenyama.
Uyazi? Izinambuzane zazihlonywe ngabantu eminyakeni engaba ngu-6 000 eyedlule endaweni yeNhlonhlo yase-Iberia.
Kodwa naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwayo kwezilwane, utshani kufanele lusetshenziswe kuphela njengesondlo esengeziwe. Ngenxa yokuthi kuvuna ekupheleni kwenkathi ekhulayo, utshani lubonakala ngokuqukethwe okuphansi kwamaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, amafutha nezinye izinto. Ngakho-ke, ukuguqulwa okuphelele kwehhashi lomhlanga kungaholela ekudleni kokudla, kanye nokuholela empilweni embi yezilwane nokuzivikela kwabo. Esikhathini sokugcina, lokhu kuzothinta kakhulu izinga kanye nenani lemikhiqizo yokugcina imfuyo. 
Yini engcono kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa
Uhlobo luwumkhiqizo wezitshalo eziningi ezihlwanyelwe, zombili izitshalo nezitshalo. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene eziwusizo ngokuqondene nezilwane. Yingakho evame kakhulu ekuzalweni kwezilwane zanamuhla, kuhlanganise nokuzalanisa unogwaja, yilokho kuphela izitshalo ezintathu zetshalo ezisetshenziswayo: ukolweni, ibhali, i-millet. Kuphela kulokhu, ukugqoka utshani kuzoba yisisombululo lapho udala ukudla okunempilo nokulinganisela kunogwaja.
Uyazi? Izinambuzane zingenye yezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane ezikwazi ukuzala nganoma isiphi isikhathi sonyaka, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sezulu sini.
Ngokolweni
Utshani webolweni ungenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu emhlabeni. Izidakamizwa kuphela zokhula ebusika zibhekwa njengezizuzisa kakhulu izilwane. Lokhu kuchazwa ukuthi izitshalo zasentwasahlobo zinesikhathi esifushane sokukhula kunezitshalo zasebusika, ezithinta ngokuqondile inani lempahla eqoqiwe ezinqolobaneni zezitshalo nezitshalo. Noma kunjalo, utshani wekolweni unenani eliphansi lokudla okunomsoco, okuhlobene nemikhiqizo ehlobene. 
Izinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko yizinto ezinkulu ze-fibre kanye nokwanda kwevithamini D. Ngenxa yalokho, ukusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile komkhiqizo akusizi nje kuphela ukuthuthukisa ukugaya, kepha kuyasiza ekuthuthukiseni isimo se-skeletal system, kanye nokwandisa ukugaya izinto ezimbiwa kwamanye amazwe. Ekupheleni komphumela, kunomthelela ekwenzeni ukusebenza kwe-metabolism nokuthuthukiswa kokumelana nezilwane ezinhlobonhlobo ezimbi.
Ibhali
Uhlobo lwebhali lubhekisela ekukhiqizweni kwebhali. Kungcono ukudla kogwaja kunokolweni. Iqukethe nesibalo esikhulu se-fiber, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho - izinto eziningi ezithatha izinto eziphilayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nhla iqukethe ukuhlushwa okuphakeme kweprotheyini engcolile, enethonya elihle ekuzuzeni isisindo sezilwane.
Thola ukuthi ngabe onogwaja bangadliwa kanjani nge-silage, utshani, u-hay, kanye nokudla okuphefumlelwe.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi utshani lwebhali luqukethe ukuxubana okunamandla kwensimbi kanye ne-manganese, enethonya elihle emsebenzini wesistimu yokujikeleza. 
I-Millet
Utshani lwe-Millet luzuzisa kakhulu onogwaja. Iqukethe inani eliphakeme lendaba eyomile, ebangela umphumela omuhle ekusebenzeni kokugaya. Njengezinhlamvu zebhali, isiqu se-millet sibonakala ngokuhlushwa okuphezulu kakhulu kwezinto eziphilayo ezidalwa yizinto eziphilayo, okusho ukuthi kuqede ngokuphelele ukukhishwa kwesilwane. Lo mkhiqizo ubonakala futhi ngezinga eliphezulu le-potassium.
Kubalulekile! Izimila ezihloselwe ukuthengwa kwemfuyo azikhuthazwa kakhulu ukuba ziphathwe ngamanyolo amakhemikhali nama-protective aggressive agents, ngaphandle kwalokho izakhi zamakhemikhali zingabangela ubuthi obuyingozi emfuyweni.
Lesi sici sibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni, ngoba ngaphandle kwalo, ukukhushulwa kwezitho kanye nezicubu, i-carbohydrate metabolism kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwama-enzyme ahlukahlukene kuphazamiseka. Futhi lokhu akuthinti ngqo izinga lokukhula, kodwa futhi nokusiza ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo zezimboni. Futhi, lo mkhiqizo uqukethe insimbi eningi, ama-manganese ne-carotene, okuhlangene ndawonye anomthelela omuhle ohlelweni lokuzivikela omzimba kanye nesistimu yokuzala, kanye nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni umzimba ngokomzimba. 
Indlela yokunikeza utshani
Usani olungapheli alukhuthazwa izilwane. Naphezu kokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezakhi ezihlukahlukene, lo mkhiqizo ubhekwa njengampofu kakhulu emaprotheni, amavithamini nezinye izakhi. Kungcono ukuyisebenzisa njengesithako kuzo zonke izixube zokudla okunomsoco ekulungiseleleni ukudla okunzima. Inzuzo eyinhloko yomkhiqizo ibonakala uma isuka ku-25 kuya kuma-50% wevolumu yenani le-roughage elisetshenziswe ekudleni.
Izinsalela zezitshalo ezinamaqabunga ezisetshenziselwa ukucebisa inhlanzi, kodwa ukugqoka utshani nakho kungalungiswa ngesisekelo sokudla okunomsoco futhi okugxilisiwe. Kulesi simo, utshani lunikezwa ekudleni ekubalweni kwe-1: 5. Amapulazi amaningi asebenzisa utshani olungakalungi olungakulungiswa, kodwa lungcono uma umkhiqizo onjalo uphonswa kancane kancane ngo-0.5-1 cm, khona-ke ungaba usatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo phakathi kwezingxenye eziyinhloko zokudla.
Kubalulekile! Ekudleni onogwaja, isitshalo kuphela esiqubukile, esihlanjululwe ku-rhizome, spikelets kanye nezinsalela zomhlabathi, kufanelekile.
Ukwandisa ukugaya ukudla okunjalo, kunconywa ukuba uqhume emanzini abilayo imizuzu engama-30. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuguqula utshani ube isisindo esilula sokugaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulokhu, kuzokwazi ukukhipha inzuzo enkulu kunabo bonke ukudla, kanye nokuvimbela umphumela ocasulayo we-roughage emaphethweni omunyu omunogwaja. 
Ukungafani nokulimala
Ezindinganisweni ezichazwe ngenhla, utshani luwumkhiqizo ophephile ngokuphelele wenyama yezilwane ezingabangeli noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi. Noma kunjalo, ukuze ukudla okunjalo kungabangeli ukucindezeleka okukhulu kokugaya, kufanele ukwazi mayelana nokuphikisana okuyinhloko ekusetshenzisweni kwayo. Okokuqala, ukuhanjiswa ngezinto eziphezulu ze-fiber akukhuthazwa:
- izilwane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha;
- ezinkingeni zomuthi wamathunjini;
- ngezifo ezithathelwanayo ezithintekayo;
- nge ngokweqile ekudleni kwe-hay.
Yini enye engakondla onogwaja
Ngaphandle kokugudla okuyinhloko, ngokuvamile ekudleni kwezinhlobo zezolimo zasogwaja basebenzisa ukunikezwa okunjalo:
- Izinaliti ezintsha - umthombo wamavithamini namaminerali, okubaluleke kakhulu ebusika. Lokhu ukugqoka kunikeza ithuba lokuthuthukisa ukunxanela kwezilwane nezinwele, ukwandisa ukukhula kwamandla. Izinaliti zisetshenziswa njengama-chops aqoshiwe ahlanganiswe nokudla okunamafutha noma okunomsoco, ngesilinganiso sika 150-200 g ngosuku / ngabanye.
- Amahlumela amancane - ziwumthombo wamavithamini, amaminerali, kanye ne-fiber. Sebenzisa lokhu ukugqoka ngokuntuleka kwetshani kanye nobusika ebusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, futhi kuphela esimweni sayo esihlanzekile. Ngokuvamile lezi zinhloso zisebenzisa i-birch, i-aspen, i-acacia, i-willow, i-cherry, i-elm, i-hornbeam, i-pear, i-oak, i-willow, i-maple, i-hazelnut, i-linden, i-apelberry, i-alder, i-ashberry, i-lilac, i-plum, i-talnik, i-poplar, i-apula ne-ash. Inani le-feed elinjalo lingenamkhawulo, kodwa kungcono uma ivolumu yayo ingadluli 50% we-mass mass of roughage.
Kubalulekile! Amagundane axwayiswa kakhulu ukuba angadli izigqoko zama-apricot, i-rosemary yase-wild, u-euonymus, umdala, ingulube yamagxolo, u-buckthorn, ne-cherry bird. Zinezinto ezinobuthi eziyingozi ezingabangela ubuthi obukhulu emfuyweni.
- Makina - Lo mkhiqizo uthola okusanhlamvu futhi usetshenziswa ekuvuneni okusanhlamvu. Ngokungafani nezinye i-roughage, umquba unenani eliphakeme lokudla okunomsoco, kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamavithamini nezici ezibalulekile zokulandelela. Ivame ukusetshenziselwa inhlanganisela yokudla okuxubekile. Ukwenza lokhu, ingxenye yesibhakede yamakhoba ixubene kahle ne-1 kg yokudla, emva kwalokho ingxube ithululelwa ngamanzi abilayo (6 l) futhi ifakwe amahora angu-1.5. Umkhiqizo unikezwa izilwane okungaphezu kuka-1 isikhathi ngosuku, esikhundleni senye yezinkambiso zokuguqula.
- Khumula - Lona igobolondo lokusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu okuhlukahlukene, olutholakala ngokubhula. Sebenzisa njengenye yezithako zazo zonke izinhlobo ze-mash. Ukwenza lokhu, i-bran igwetshwe ngamanzi abilayo imizuzu engu-30-60. Isibalo segatsha emkhakheni wansuku zonke onogwaja akumele kudlule u-20% we-mass mass of roughage.
Uhlobo luwumkhiqizo obalulekile futhi oludingekayo okufanele utholakale ekudleni komunqamu ngamunye. Ukondla okunjalo kuvumela ukuqinisa ukugaya, uketshezi umzimba, kanye nalokhu kwanda hhayi kuphela ukugaya kwamanye ama-feed, kodwa futhi nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yezilwane. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kugqoka kumele kusetshenziswe ngokucophelela futhi ngokuqapha, kungenjalo kungabangela ukuphazanyiswa kwezilwane zamathumbu, kanye nokulimaza okukhulu epulazini.
