Naphezu kokuthandwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi kanye namafomu abo, ama-amaningi ahlala ethembekile emathandweni awo endala futhi ayelokhu ekhula amagilebhisi avunyiwe eminyakeni.
Abalimi-bewayini abanjalo abesabi ukwesaba ukunakekelwa kanye nezifo ezenzekayo ehlathini, ngoba ithuba lokuthola amajikijolo anamnandi kakhulu kulesi siko kuyisisusa esikhulu kubo.
Lolu hlobo lwamagilebhisi luyizinhlobonhlobo ze "Lady Fingers", esizoziveza kuwe esihlokweni esingezansi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umgomo wethu ngeke ube nje ukutshela zonke izintelezi zalezi zihlukahlukene, kodwa futhi ukukufundisa indlela yokutshala kahle esakhiweni sakho futhi ukunikeze ukunakekelwa okudingekayo.
Imfihlo yesikhathi eside sokuthiwa "Ladies Fingers": incazelo eningiliziwe yezinhlobonhlobo
Ukutshalwa kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene kwamakhulu eminyaka kwenza abalimi bamazwe aseCentral Asia, abavela kuwo kuqala ensimini ye-peninsula yaseCrimea, bese kancane kancane besakazeka kulo lonke elase-Ukraine nakwezinye izindawo zaseRussia.
Igama elithi "Lady Fingers" aliyona eyisiqalo, kepha linikezwe kulo mvini ngenxa yobuningi obujatshiwe bamajikijolo alo futhi kubhekwa ukuthi iyathengiswa. Ku-viticulture yezobuchwepheshe, ibizwa ngokuthi "u-Husayne Bely", nakuba i-Dagestan ibizwa nangokuthi "Shakh-Izyum", naseRussia - "Amabhodlela" amagilebhisi.
Naphezu kokungaphumeleli okuningi, kusalokhu kusalokhu kungcono kakhulu kwamagilebhisi aseMpumalanga, ngoba izici zayo zokuphuza kanye nezinkomba zokukhiqiza azakathuthukiswa nanoma yimuphi umfuyi.
Ngokubhekisele ekuziphatheni kwezindawo ezihlukahlukene, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kwakungenakwenzeka ukuwwandisa kakhulu, ngoba ukushisa okuningi nezinsuku ezinelanga kudingeke ukuba kuvuthwe izithelo ze "Lady Fingers". Iphinde ivuthwe isikhathi eside futhi uma ikhulile ensimini yomgudu ophakathi wezulu eRussia, ayinaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa.
Ama-Brushes "Ama-Ladies Fingers": yikuphi ukubonakaliswa kobuhle obungasempumalanga yamagilebhisi
Amaqoqo amagilebhisi ahlongozwayo awakhiwe ngaso sonke isikhathi afana nomunye nomunye, uma siwahlaziya ngokwesayizi. Imingcele yobude bayo ingahluka kusuka kumasentimitha angu-18 kuya kwangu-50, futhi ububanzi - kusukela ngo-16 kuya ku-26.
Ngokwemvelo, ukubalwa kwamarekhodi ezimweni eziningi kungenzeka kuphela uma kukhula "ama-Ladies Fingers" emazweni afudumele ase-Asia Ephakathi, nakuba sinezinkomba ezifanayo zokudla okunengi futhi eminyakeni ephumelelayo. Ngesisindo, ingaba yikhulu futhi enkulu, kodwa inqwaba yesilinganiso seqembu elilodwa ngokuvamile lilinganiselwa ku-0.4 kilogram.
Zibonakaliswa ngokuma kwe-conical, amajikijolo athunyiwe kakhulu, nakuba ayengenamandla okwanele.
Kodwa inzuzo ebaluleke kunazo zonke ye "Ladies Fingers" njalo ihlala amajikijolo, amakhulu amakhulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, amajikijolo angama-cylindrical noma ahlangene angaba nobude obuvela ku-2.6 kuya ku-3.9 amasentimitha, kanti ububanzi bawo bufinyelela kumamitha angu-16 no-26 ngamasentimitha.
Yiqiniso, abakhombisi izinkomba zesisindo sezinhlayiyana phakathi kwamajikijolo omvini, nakuba anesisindo esihle - ama-5-7 amagremu. Zivame ukubhekwa hhayi nje ngesimo, kodwa nangombala wesikhumba: ngokuvamile kaningi kungaba ophuzi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ophuzi ophuzi olwanele.
Ngokuqondene nesikhumba kufanele uqaphele ukuba khona kwengubo yemvelo yemvelo, evulela phezulu amajikijolo ngefilimu encane. Kodwa ngokuvamile, isikhumba sincane kakhulu, siphula lapho sidliwa, asithinti ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo.
Ngaphezu kwakho konke, bakhanga abathengi nabavinini bewayini ngokunambitheka kwabo. Amaqabunga amaqabunga amnandi we-pulp "Ama-Ladies Fingers" ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwawo ephakeme kakhulu kune-asidi. Uma usebenzisa umqondo we "ukunambitheka komvini ocebile", isibonakaliso saso singaba yizinto ezihlukahlukene ezichazwe.
Futhi, zibhekene nephunga elikhethekile le-varietal, okungaba isisusa esihle se-gastric juice secretion. Ngokuphelele yena i-seedlessKodwa-ke, kwezinye amajikijolo, kunamatshe amakhulu okubunjwa okubomvu kanye nombala obomvu angakhiwa.
Umkhiqizo we "Ladies Fingers": kanjani ukukhiqiza izinhlobo zangempela zomvini
I-shrub enamandla nokutholakala kwembali enomsebenzi wezocansi zombili kuvumela leli grape ukuthi linikeze isivuno esikhulu kakhulu sezithelo eziphezulu. Imiphumela ye-fruiting yirekhodi kusukela kusuka ehektheleni elilodwa ngokuvamile kuvame ukuqoqa amathani ama-40 amajikijolo avuthiwe. Yiqiniso, ngenxa yemiphumela enjalo, amagilebhisi kufanele ahlinzeke ngokufanele izimo zokukhula okuhle. Kuzibonakalisa kangcono ekutshalweni kwezimboni.
Njengezinhlobo eziningi zamagilebhisi ase-Asia, "i-Lady Fingers" inesikhathi sokuvuthwa isikhathi eside kakhulu sesitshalo. Izitshalo zasemahlathini zilinganiselwa ezinsukwini ezingu-140. Kodwa-ke, le nqubo ingathonywa kakhulu ngemibandela yokushisa yesimo sezulu, ngakho-ke e-Central Asia ingafinyelela ekuvuthweni okukhishwayo ezinsukwini ezingu-130 kuphela, okungukuthi, ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, nasezindaweni zaseKherson nasenyakatho - kuze kube yizinsuku eziyi-155 ngasekupheleni kukaSeptemba.
Kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, abaningi bangase badumale. ukungahleleki kwemifino ezihlahleni ezichazwe izinhlobo, imbangela yayo ngokuvamile ukungahlali kwayo.
Futhi ukuthwala izithelo ehlathini "Ladies Fingers" qala kuphela ngonyaka wesihlanu kuphelaUkuthi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo kungase kubonakale isikhathi eside kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ithuba lokunambitha kancane kancane kwamagilebhisi akho anganikezwa kancane kancane, ngoba ngezinye izikhathi isivuno esithile sakhiwa emahlumela ambalwa.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngamagilebhisi ezobuchwepheshe
Qinisekisa izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze "Lady Fingers"
- Ezihlukahlukene zibhekwa isivuno esikhulu kakhulu, izinga elihle kakhulu lamaqoqo kanye namajikijolo.
- Izici ezithandekayo kulezi zihlukahlukene zenza kube okunye okuhle phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimhlophe.
- Ukuba khona kwezimbali zobulili zombili, okuwumphumela omuhle kakhulu ekwenzeni impova yehlathi.
- Amajikijolo ikakhulukazi anezinhloso zetafula, kodwa afaneleka kakhulu ekukhiqizeni amagilebhisi omisiwe aphezulu kakhulu.
Lokhu kuqondiswa ukungabikho kwembewu emajikijolo, kanye nekhono lomkhiqizo ophumela kulo ligcinwa isikhathi eside.
- Izithelo zomvini zinezindawo eziningi zokuphulukisa, ukuphatha ukukhwehlela owomile futhi kunomphumela omuhle ekuqiniseni nasekukhuleni komzimba wengane, iqukethe inani lamavithamini amaningi.
Yazi kahle ukushiyeka kwezinhlobonhlobo nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nazo
Ngeshwa, kunamaphutha amaningi kumvini we "Lady Fingers", yingakho engekho ezinhlobonhlobo ezidumile kakhulu phakathi kwabavinini bewayini banamuhla. Kanye nezithelo zekhwalithi eliphezulu nokuvunwa okuhle, lokhu Amagilebhisi azinzile kakhulu.
Okokuqala kubhekene nokukhathazeka nokuhluleka kwabo ukubhekana nokushisa okuphansi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, leli qiniso libonakala lingokwemvelo ngesitshalo sasempumalanga, kodwa futhi luletha ubunzima obuningi, ngoba ngaphandle kwemonakalo emvinini nasefihlekile, isihlahla singakwazi ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa -11ºะก. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokukhosela okucophelela, lesi sivini ngeke sikwazi ukudlulisa ubusika ngisho naseCrimea.
Futhi, "ama-Lady Fingers" kaningi futhi ngokuqinile kungathinteka yizifo ze-fungal. Ikakhulukazi ingaba nesimo sezulu eshisayo, lapho isihlahla samavini esichazwa izinhlobo kufanele sibheke ngokukhethekile.
Ngisho ngenhloso yokuvimbela, ihlanzwa njalo kaningi kunezinye izinhlobo. Ukwelashwa kudinga isihlahla, ngisho nasekwindla.
Kodwa ekucubunguleni, qaphela iqiniso elilodwa elibaluleke kakhulu: uma izibonakaliso zesifo zivela, okokuqala kufanele unqume uhlobo lwalo nezici, bese usebenzisa amakhemikhali aklanyelwe ukulwa nesifo esithile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungaphezu komswakama emoyeni nasenhlabathini kungabangela amajikijolo ukuba abola. Nakuba isikhunta singakhiqizi kakhulu ngokushisa kwezulu, ukubola kungalimaza kakhulu ingxenye yesitshalo. Qinisekisa ukuthi ulandela lokhu futhi uchithe amajikijolo asevele ewonakele, ukuze ukubola kungadlulisele kulabo abasaphila.
Izithelo zomvini ngezithombo kanye nokuhlanganiswa: incazelo yezici ezibaluleke kakhulu nezincomo
Ukuhlobisa igceke lakho ngamahlumela amahle okuthiwa "Lady Fingers" amahlumela omvini ngeke akwenze ubunzima obuncane, ngoba ukuthola izithelo noma izicucu zalezi zomvini zilula. Ngeke kube nobunzima ekusizeni, uma ulungiselela kusengaphambili futhi ucabange zonke izimo ezidingekayo.
Indawo ekahle yomvini okhulayo: yini okufanele ucabangele?
Yiqiniso, ukuthola indawo ekahle kunzima, kodwa kungenzeka.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, kukhanya kahle futhi kuvaliwe kusuka emiphambeni yesiphambano esenyakatho. Kulolu cala, ukhetho oluhle luyoba yingxenye eningizimu (eningizimu-ntshonalanga) yesayithi lakho, elivaliwe ukusuka enyakatho ngezakhiwo noma izihlahla.
Ungakhohlwa ukucabangela ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthungela isihlahla somvini nezinye izitshalo, okungavunyelwe ukuthi kungavunyelwe.
Kubalulekile ukucabangela izintandokazi zamagilebhisi enhlabathini. Okuvundile kakhulu, kungcono inkambo. Kodwa uma ungakwazi ukunikeza isihlahla esinjalo, noma iyiphi inhlabathi ingahle ifakwe umanyolo futhi iqhutshwe ngokuphakamisa ukusebenza kwalesi parameter ngezikhathi ezithile. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi ukukhetha ukukhetha inhlabathi elula.
Uma utshala amagilebhisi ungakhohlwa ngamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ukuze zingalimazi uhlelo lwempande ehlathini, ukujula kwabo kufanele kube ngamamitha angu-2.5-3. Uma kungenjalo, isisombululo kuphela se-site yakho sizokwakhiwa kwesistimu yamanzi kusuka kuso noma echibini.
Uhlelo lokutshala amagilebhisi "Ladies Fingers" - 3x5 +/- 1 imitha.
Yimaphi amagama afaneleka ukutshala amagilebhisi?
Inzuzo enkulu yalesi sitshalo yikhono lokutshala nganoma isiphi isikhathi sonyaka (Yebo, ngaphandle kwebusika). Iqiniso liwukuthi imigomo ethile ingabambezeleka kakhulu, futhi kuzodingeka uqondiswe indlela yokutshala unqume ukusabalalisa amagilebhisi akho.
Uma kuyisithombo sokulala kanye nokusika (ukugoma) - ukuqala-phakathi kwentwasahlobo naphakathi no-Okthoba kuzokwenza. Ukuze izithombo eziluhlaza ezivele zinezimpande namaqabunga, kudingeka ulinde ukushisa kwentwasahlobo esezinzile, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nehlobo. Kungenzeka futhi ukuba inoculate the cuttings ngesikhathi esizayo spring, ngoba emva kokujwayela, bayoqala ngokushesha ukukhula ngokuqinile, futhi basungulwe kahle ekwindla.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuba usakaze lesi siko ngosizo lwamagatsha, kokubili entwasahlobo nasehlobo, nasekwindla. Amagatsha (amahlumela esitshalo somvini), efafazwe enhlabathini, ahlome ngokushesha, okuvumela ukuba ngokushesha ashintshwe njengesihlahla esigcwele.
Izithombo zamagilebhisi kanye nezici zokutshala kwazo: kanjani ukukhula ngokushesha "ama-Lady Fingers"?
Ukuze umvini utshalwe nge-seedling ngezimpande zawo, ngokushesha uzivumelanise futhi ufake izithelo ngokushesha, uma utshalwe emgodini, kufanele uchithe umanyolo omkhulu. Lokhu kuzokukwenza kube lula kuwe ukuthi usebenze, ngoba eminyakeni yokuqala yokukhula, amagilebhisi ngeke adingeke adliwe, futhi azothinteka kakhulu ehlathini ngokwawo.
Umgodi wezithombo zamagilebhisi kumele ube kakhulu - okungenani amasentimitha angu-80. Inhlanganisela yomhlabathi ovundile, umquba omuhle kanye namaminerali amaminerali athululelwa kuwo (superphosphates kanye ne-potassium kungcono kakhulu, kanye ne-nitrogen encane).
Ngemuva kokufaka umanyolo, enye ingqimba yenhlabathi ithululelwa ukuba ihlukanise nezimpande zenzalo. Emva kwalokho, umgodi ushiywe isikhathi, lapho konke okuqukethwe kuyo kuzohlala khona, futhi kuyokwazi ukutshala isithombo.
Uma kufanele ukhethe isiteji, ungalahlekelwa yizimpande zawo. Uma zonakalisiwe, zomile noma ziphukile - lolu hlobo lwe-sapling ngeke lukwazi ukuzivumelanisa futhi lukhule lukhule ekukhuleni. Isistimu yezimpande enempilo kumele ibe mhlophe, ithuthukiswe kahle.
Ukuhlala ukupholisa umswakama wakhe ngaphambi kokufika, emanzini izinsuku eziningana. Kuphela emva kwalokhu kuzokwenzeka ukuyihlisela emgodini bese uyangcwaba. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokucophelela, ukuze kungabangela ukulimala ezimpandeni. Phakathi nale nqubo, ungakwazi ukuthululela amanzi emgodini, okuzokwenza ngokushesha uhlanganise inhlabathi.
Ngemva kokugubha imbobo ngokuphelele, uthele futhi isithombo sakho futhi usebenzise inhlabathi eduze naso ukusekela okuqinile. Siyabonga, isihlahla esizayo esizayo ngeke sihambe phansi.
Uma utshala amagilebhisi kubaluleke kakhulu ukucabangela ukuthi intamo yentambo yesithombo sayo ayikho into okufanele ihlanganiswe nenhlabathi. Kungenxa yale njongo ukuthi silungiselele umgodi kusengaphambili futhi sikululeke ukuthi uhambe kancane kancane ubeke umsila kancane kancane futhi ngokucophelela.
Ukuqoqa amagilebhisi cuttings nazo zonke izimfihlo zayo
Ukuxhunyelelwa kungabhekwa njengendlela elula futhi engokwengcebo, kodwa kuphela uma kukhona amagilebhisi endala esakhiweni sakho, ibanga ongathanda ukushintsha ngalo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulungisa ama-cuttings amahle.
Ungawavuna noma ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngokuqondile, kangangokuthi ubude babo abukho ngaphezu kwama-2-3 amehlo. Ukuze uxhumane kangcono nesitokisi, lapho ukusika kuzohlanganiswa khona esikhathini esizayo, ingxenye yayo engezansi iyinqunyiwe emaceleni omabili. Kanye nesithombo, isiqu kufanele sincishiswe ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa kwamanzi.
Ukulungiswa kwesitoko ngokwawo kungukususwa kwesihlahla esidala kanye nokuqothulwa kwesisindo esisele. Isiqu esiphezulu sesisentimitha esingu-10 sihlukanisa ngokufanayo phakathi, ukuze igebe eliphumela likwazi ukuhlala kuphela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isiqu sincishiselwa ekuhlukaneni kuphela ngengxenye yaso enqanyisiwe, ngemva kwalokho iqiniswe futhi iboshwe ngodaka olumanzi.
Emva kokuhlanganiswa ungakhohlwa ukuphuza isitokisi, usebenzisa okungenani amalitha angu-30 amanzi. Futhi, isihlahla esizayo esizayo sidinga ukusekelwa, esingasungulwa ngokushesha. Kuhle kakhulu ukuthi uzosabela esihlahleni ukugqoka kwayo phezulu futhi ukuxubha kwenhlabathi ezungeze isiqu.
Siyakhathalela amagilebhisi futhi sinelise zonke izidingo zasemahlathini
- Isidingo esibaluleke kunazo zonke ukuthungwa. Inikeza amandla ehlathi ukuba akhule futhi athole isivuno. Ukuphuza isihlahla kungena ekungeneni kwenkathi ekhulayo, ngaphambi kokuzimbali kanye nangemva kwayo. Emanzini futhi ungakhohlwa ukuhambisa umhlabathi.
- Ukugcina umswakama kahle emhlabathini - Kunconywa ukumboza nge-mulch. Isetshenziswe njenge-peat yokugcina, i-humus, i-sawdust ngisho ne-moss.
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwesihlahla samavini - impumelelo yesitshalo esizayo. Kuqhutshwa kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ungasebenzisa kokubili umanyolo owenziwe ngamaminerali.
- Isihlahla se "Ladies Fingers" sinqunywa njalo ngonyaka. Ngemuva kokusika izihlahla ezindala, kunconywa ukuba ushiye amahlumela angu-9 kuphela (kodwa okungenani ungaphansi), okunye okumele kube namahlo angaphezu kuka-15.
- Njengoba lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziyesaba kakhulu amaqhwa, ezimweni ezibandayo kungcono ukukhulela ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, ngoba ngeke kwenzeke ukumboza kusuka ku-25 º C ngezansi kwezinga.
- Ungakhohlwa ngamaphilisi okuvimbela. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzenza ngaphambi kokuchichima. Khetha izidakamizwa ukulwa nesifo se-oidium ne-powdery.
