Isihlahla se-Apple

Indlela yokucubungula umuthi we-apula ngemuva kokusila, ukulawula izinambuzane

Ukuze kuvune izitshalo eziningi eziqinile futhi ezivuthiwe, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngezivikelo ngesikhathi esifanele ezifweni nasezinambuzane. Akuyona into ehlukile kulokhu okuyizihlahla zezithelo ezitshalwe ensimini. Ngokuyinhloko, abalimi bavame ukuba nesithakazelo kulokho okumele bafake ama-apula ngaphambi nangemva kokuzimbali. Eqinisweni, kunamathuluzi amaningi asebenzayo, kodwa udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungayisebenzisa nini futhi nini.

Izici zokucubungula izihlahla ze-apula entwasahlobo

Ukucubungula okwesikhashana kwezihlahla ze-apula entwasahlobo kuyisenzakalo esibalulekile esisiza ukuqeda izifo eziningi nezinambuzane zezihlahla. Kodwa-ke, udinga futhi ukwazi ukuthi impi ngokumelene nezinambuzane kufanele iqhutshwe ngezigaba ezintathu.

Owokuqala - ngokuvamile uqala maphakathi no-Mashi (ngokushesha nje lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lihlala kahle ngo-5 ° C). Ngalesi sikhathi, inhloso eyinhloko yokwelashwa kwe-apula ukuvimbela izifo nokubhubhisa abasindile basebusika, kodwa namanje izinambuzane ezingasebenzi. Ngaphambi kokuvuvukala kwezinso, ukuchithwa kwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali, okungukuthi, i-fungicides ekhethekile nezinambuzane. Ngaphambi kokwelashwa okuqondile, kubalulekile ukunciphisa umqhele, uhlanze i-trunk kusukela emgodini omdala nofile, kanye nokuhlanza izindawo ezimele futhi ususe amahlamvu asele kusukela ngonyaka odlule.

Uyazi? Uma usebenzisa amakhemikhali kubalulekile ukucabangela izici zokujikeleza komuthi, ukwazi Iyini inkathi ekhulayo esihlahleni se-apula futhi uma idlula ngempela (kusukela ekuqaleni kokuhluma ihlukane kuze kube ukuwa okukhulu kwamaqabunga). Akufanele uhlanganyele ekucubunguleni emva kokusila, ngoba ama-apula azoqala ukuvuthwa.
Isigaba sesibili senziwa ekuqaleni kwenkathi ekhulayo ema-apula, okungukuthi, lapho amaqabunga eseqalile ukuqhakaza, kodwa ama-apple asikafiki (cishe kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi kuya maphakathi no-Ephreli). Kulesi simo, umgomo wokwelapha uzoba ukubhujiswa kwama-aphid, imikhaza, i-apple tsvetoid, i-scythora, i-plant-tree, nezinye izinambuzane ezincane ezivusa emva kokushona kwe-hibernation.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucubungulwa kwama-apula phakathi nalesi sikhathi kuzokusiza ukuqeda ukubola nokuvuna izithelo, inkinga yayo futhi efanele kakhulu entwasahlobo. Isisombululo se-Copper sulphate, i-Bordeaux liquid, isibabule se-colloidal kanye ne-"Lepidocid" (ukulungiselela amathumbu emathumbu okusiza emathunjini okusiza ukubhekana nezinambuzane ze-gnawing) kufanelwe ukupunga. Futhi ekugcineni, okwesithathu, isigaba sokugcina sokucubungula izihlahla ze-apula entwasahlobo kusho ukubanjwa kwalesi senzakalo ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba izihlahla ziqhakaze. Ukukhetha amakhemikhali alungile, ungakwazi ukuqeda amabhu, ama-codling, ama-aphid, amabhu, imikhaza kanye nama-weevils. Ukwenziwa okuphambene nakho kuzokuvumela ukuqeda izifo ezibonakalayo ngokuphumelelayo. Lapho izimbali ze-apula ziphela, ukupuniza kwesigaba sesibili kungabuyekezwa.

Kubalulekile! Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwezihlahla ze-apula, akukho zindlela zokwelashwa ezingenziwa, lesi yisikhathi esihle sokuhlanza ukhula olubonakala nxazonke zezihlahla.

Indlela yokucubungula i-apula ngemuva kokusila

Isiteji sokugcina sokuswakalisa imithi yamapulasitiki sibuye sibe yizigaba ezincane ezimbili: owokuqala - ngokushesha emva kokuvuna kwezihlahla, kanti owesibili - amasonto amathathu emva kokwelashwa okudlule. Ngamunye wabo, izidakamizwa zabo zisetshenziswa, esizoxoxa ngezansi.

Izimali ezidume kakhulu zesikhathi sokuqala

Ngokushesha ngemva kokuqhakaza, umqhele wezihlahla ungafakwa nge-zinc sulphate (kuzosiza ekuvimbeleni ukuthuthukiswa kwe-rosette), kanye nezinye izidakamizwa, ezifaka isibabule nethusi - zizovikela izitshalo ekugqibeni. Ukuqeda isikhumba (isifo esiboniswe emaqabungeni, iziqu, izimbali kanye ne-petioles), ukupompa nge-Bordeaux ingxube, ithusi le-sulfate, i-polycarbacin (ngo-4 g ngalinye ilitha lamanzi lamanzi) noma i-polykhom isisiza kahle.

Ukunakekela i-apula entwasahlobo, futhi ikakhulukazi, ukuyipela emva kokuqhakaza, kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa amalungiselelo e-fungicidal, i-sodium phosphate (i-10 g ngalinye nge-1 l amanzi) noma ukulungiselela "i-Skor" (ihlanjululwe ngokwemiyalo ehlanganisiwe). Ukulwa nama-aphid nokuncelisa kule nkathi, u-shag noma u-tincture we-fog ulinganiselwa ku-400 g ngalinye ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi aphelele, emva kwalokho ukubunjwa kuhlanjululwa ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-10 no-40 g isepha. Ukukhulelwa okumele kutholakale kuyadingeka ukuze uphefise zonke izitshalo.

Ngenye indlela, izithako ezenziwe ngokususwa kwamaqabunga e-tomato, umhlonyane, i-dandelion, amazambane kanye ne-yarrow ingasetshenziswa ukuphatha ama-apula kusuka ezinambuzane ngemuva kokuchichima.

Uyazi? Izihlahla ze-Apple, amapheya, ama-cherries, ama-cherry nezinye izihlahla zezithelo zidinga ukushisa okushisa ebusika, ngoba ngaphandle kwalokhu, izimbali zazo azikwazi ukukhula ngendlela evamile. Ngisho noma ezinye zazo ziyaqhakaza, izithelo ngeke zisabunambitheka njengezitshalo eziye zanyuka ngokwemvelo.

Indlela yokuphatha i-apula esihlahleni esiyizinambuzane emasontweni amabili emva kokubhakabhaka

Abanye balimi benza ingadi nge-urea ne-sulphate yethusi hhayi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kodwa emva kwezihlahla ze-apula zezimbali. Kodwa uma kwenzeka nge-copper sulfate isikhathi esifanelekile, khona-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa urea ngokushesha ngemva kokuba izihlahla zivuse. Ithuluzi ngalinye linesikhathi salo, ngoba ukuphumelela komphumela akuxhomeke ekubunjweni kuphela, kodwa futhi ngesikhathi sokuphalaza. Isibonelo, uma ucabanga ukusifafaza izihlahla zama-apula okwesibili ngemuva kokuqhakaza (amasonto amabili emva kokwelashwa kwangaphambilini), khona-ke uzodinga lezi zilungiselela ezilandelayo. "Benzophosphate" - A isithandwa kakhulu emathunjini isenzo insecticide. Kuhle kakhulu ukulawula izinambuzane ezidla amaqabunga neziphuza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukulungiswa cishe akulimazi izinyosi kanye nezibungu ze-grinder. Uketshezi olusebenzayo lulungiswa ngesilinganiso sama-70 g wezinto ezingu-10% nama-10 amalitha amanzi, emva kwalokho umuthi ugcine umphumela wawo izinsuku ezingu-15.

Kubalulekile! "Benzophosphate" ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa kangaphezu kokuphindwe kabili ngesizini.
"Malathion" - Esinye isinambuzane esaziwayo esiqothula ngokuphelele izibungu, ama-weevils, ama-aphid, ama-scutes, amabhu nama-moths. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izidakamizwa ziyingozi ezinyosi, ezingenakunakwa uma kunendawo yezinyosi kusayithi. Ukwakhiwa kokusebenza kulungiselelwe ngesilinganiso sika-60 g wezidakamizwa ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Uma ulungisa izihlahla ze-apple ezincane, kuze kube ngamalitha amabili esisombululo kufanele uwele esihlahleni esisodwa, kanti ukuphalaza isitshalo esikhulayo esithela izithelo kuzodinga amalitha ayi-10 okwakhiwa.

Isixazululo se-Chlorofos - Omunye umuthi we-insecticide wamathumbu emathunjini. Akusizi kakhulu ukulwa nama-aphid noma i-weevil, kodwa isifo esinesihlungu kakhulu ngamabungu kanye nabantu abadala bezinyosi, izimpukane, ezinye izinhlobo zezinyosi nemikhaza. Umthelela wesidakamizwa uhlala izinsuku ezingu-10. I-dilution rate: 70 g yesidakamizwa ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Futhi kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabange ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukwengeza i-Bordeaux liquid "ku-Chlorofos".

Kunezinye izidakamizwa eziningi ezifanayo, kodwa ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokusebenzisa, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda imiyalo futhi ucacise uma kungcono ukuyisebenzisa.

Indlela yokufuthola i-apula ngemuva kokusila

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzophatha izihlahla ze-apula Bordeaux liquid, urea, noma uthole enye indlela ephumelelayo yokuqeda izihlahla ezivela ezinambuzane entwasahlobo, kunoma yikuphi, udinga ukwazi ukuphamba. Okokuqala, lungiselela uketshezi olukhethiwe (kakade luhlakazwe emanzini), i-apparatus yokwenza inqubo (ipompo) kanye nemishini evikelayo efanele (imaski, amagilavu ​​kanye nezinkukhu).

Kuyinto elula ukupopula i-apple ikholomu: konke okudingekayo kuwe kuleli cala ukuzungeza lesi sitshalo izikhathi eziningana bese uphefuta i-fungicide phezu kobuso bayo bonke. Asikho isidingo sokubheka isitebhisi bese uphuma ukuze ufike kumagatsha akhulayo angakhululekile.

Ngokuqondene nemithi yase-apula encane, ngakho konke kunzima kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuphambanisa isixazululo ngokuphelele phezu kwendawo yonke yesitshalo, kusukela esitokisini bese uphela phezulu kakhulu (zama ukungaphuthelwa igatsha elilodwa).

Kubalulekile! Isixazululo esinamandla kakhulu singabangela ukulimala okukhulu kwabancane, kanti ukushisa kwamakhemikhali kuzovela emagqabeni amancane omuthi okhulayo.
Ukuze ugweme imiphumela enjalo, phatha ukuhlolwa okuncane: khetha isitshalo esisodwa futhi usebenzise ingxube elungiselelwe egatsheni layo (eyodwa kuphela!). Bese ulinde izinsuku ezimbalwa (izinsuku ezingu-2-3) bese uhlola. Uma lesi sitshalo sibukeka sinempilo futhi kungekho izindawo ezingaziwa endaweni yokucubungula, kusho ukuthi ungaphalaza ngokuphephile ukwakhiwa kuzo zonke izitshalo ezisele ensimini.

Uma kwenzeka umkhetho omdala we-apula ukhethwa ukuhlolwa, ekugcineni uzothola omunye wemiphumela emibili ekhona: noma ngabe ingxenye emelekile yesitshalo ngeke ikwazi ukubuyiswa, noma i-agent ekhemikhali ngeke ikwazi ukulimaza kakhulu umuthi okhuni (kodwa uzolimaza zonke izitshalo ezincane, eziwela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa).

Ngakho-ke, ufunde ukuthi ungafakela kanjani izihlahla ze-apula entwasahlobo nokuthi yini okudingeka uyenze lokhu, manje uhlala nje ukuze uthole izindlela ezidingekayo futhi usebenze (uma, ngempela, isikhathi sonyaka sivumela).

Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe unquma nini entwasahlobo ukuba uphefle izihlahla zakho ze-apula, noma kunjalo, ungakhohlwa ngenhloso eyenziwe ngayo. Uma izitshalo zibonisa izimpawu ezicacile zokubulala izinambuzane noma umsebenzi wesifo, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali kuzoba okufanelekile, kodwa uma kungekho izibonakaliso zokuhlaselwa ama-aphid, ama-leafworms noma ezinye izivakashi ezingavunyelwe ngenkathi kuhlolwe, kusengakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokubhekana nezihlahla ze-apula entwasahlobo. izinambuzane. Noma kunjalo, akufanele ukhohlwe ngokuvimbela nhlobo, ngoba nguye ongakusindisa ekuhlaselweni kwezinambuzane eziyingozi, ukudala izimo ezinhle kakhulu zokuthuthukiswa kwezihlahla ze-apula ensimini.