Kungenzeka yini ukutshala izaqathe ngaphambi kobusika? Yiziphi izinhlobo ezihlwanyelayo kanye nendlela yokwenza inqubo?

I-karoti iyimkhiqizo ebalulekile etafuleni lethu, ngaphandle kokulungiselela izitsha eziningi. Thenga imifino lula esitolo noma emakethe.

Kodwa njengengcambu, ekhule ngokuzimela endaweni yakho, ungaqiniseka ngokuphelele. Izimpande zabo zihlukaniswa ngokusha futhi ukunambitheka, njengoba zikhuliswe ngabanikazi bazo ngothando nokunakekelwa.

I-Podzimny yokuhlwanyela izaqathe ngezobuchwepheshe obufanele kwezolimo izojabulisa isivuno esihle. Kusukela esihlokweni ongayifunda mayelana nokuthi uzotshala nini izaqathe ngaphambi kokubusika nokuthi ungahlwanyela kanjani imbewu nokuthi ngabe zonke izinhlobo zifanelekile yini.

Izinzuzo nokuqeda

Ukutshala kwe-autumn root kunezinzuzo eziningana:

1. Ukuvuna kungatholakala ngoJuni, okuzoba usizo kakhulu - imifino yokuqala izosiza ukugcwalisa ukungabi namavithamini.
2. Ukuhlwanyela kungenziwa kancane, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi umsebenzi osemhlabathini usuphelile, futhi abalimi abanalo ukuhlukunyezwa, okuyinto okunzima ukubhekana nayo entwasahlobo. Igcina isikhathi esiyigugu, esingekho ekuqaleni ekuqaleni kwenkathi.
3. Imbewu yezaqathe ezihlwanyelwe ngaphambi kobusika ayiyona into embi ngenxa yamahlumela asehlobo lokushisa - alala ngaphansi kweqhwa lonke ubusika futhi athole ukuqina okuhle. Ngakho-ke izitshalo zomsuka azikho ngaphansi kwezifo ezihlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ngenkathi ekhulayo ekhulayo izaqathe zasebusika, izinambuzane eziningi azikasebenzi, ngakho-ke, zinengozi encane yokulimaza izitshalo.
4. Imifino ikhule ibe mkhulu futhi isetshenzisiwe ngenxa yomswakama ohlala enhlabathini isikhathi eside entwasahlobo. Izitshalo zomsuka zinezikhathi zenkathi yokukhula ukuthola izakhi eziningi.
5. Amahlumela ezinqotshwa ezihlwanyelwe ngaphambi kobusika zinobungane kakhulu - amanzi acibilikile ahlanza amafutha abalulekile avela emzalweni, okuvimbela ukuhluma kwawo.
6. Esiqhingini esingasenamuntu ngemuva kokuvuna izaqathe zasebusika, ungakwazi ukwengeza esinye isitshalo.

Kodwa imbewu ye-subwinter yomsuka we-orange inezimbalwa eziningana:

1. Ukuvuna akuhambisani nesitoreji eside.
2. Ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo enesisindo somswakama omswakama uzovela sekwephuzile.
3. Eminye yale mbewu ayihluma emva ebusika.

Izici zokutshala izaqathe zasebusika, umehluko kusuka kwesinye isikhathi

Ukuhlwanyela izimpande ze-orange ekwindla kuhluke ngezindlela eziningi kusuka ekutshaleni okujwayelekile:

• Ukutshala ngaphansi kwebusika ngeke kuhambisane nezinhlobo zezinqathe, futhi kunamakhaza amaningi futhi angakwazi ukuhluma ndawonye. Uma kungenjalo, izithombo ngeke ziphele ngokuphelele noma iningi labo lizoqhwaza ebusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbewu ehlanganisiwe ngeke isebenze.
• Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu ayikwazi ukugcoba, ngaphandle kwalokho amahlumela ahlumayo azofa ekuqaleni kweqhwa, kanti imbewu eyomile iyoba ngaphezulu futhi iqale ukukhula ngokuqala kokushisa.
• Kubalulekile ukuhlwanyela kakhulu, kucabangela izimo zezulu ezimbi ezingabangela ukulimala kwesitshalo esizayo.
• Ukutshala izaqathe zasebusika ukuze zifeze ngezikhathi ezithile. Kokubili kokuqala kakhulu futhi ukuhlwanyela kokugcina kungabangela imiphumela engalindelekile.
  Qaphela! Ukushisa okuvamile kwansuku zonke kufanele kugcine kancane kusuka ku-0⁰ kuze kufike ku- + 2⁰With frosts eqinile, kodwa buthaka. Ukujula kwenhlabathi kungama-5-7 cm.
• Isakhiwo somhlaba esenzelwe ukuhlwanyela izaqathe ekwindla kumele kuvuleke futhi kukhanyiswe ukuze umhlaba ufudumale kahle entwasahlobo. Umthamo onamandla wombhede awuvunyelwe, ngaphandle kwalokho amanzi aphethwe amanzi ageleza angahlanza imbewu. Isayithi kufanele ivikelwe emimoyeni ukuze ilondoloze kangcono umlotha kanye neqhwa ebusweni bayo.
• Ukulungiswa komhlaba kufanele kwenziwe kusengaphambili lapho umhlaba usalula. Emibhedeni engadini, ama-groove ka-2-3 cm ukujula nobubanzi obuyi-20 cm phakathi kwawo kwenziwa. Kungcono ukumboza umhlaba ngaphambi kokutshala ngefilimu ukuze ugweme ukugezwa kwamanzi emiphakathini kanye nokuhluma ukhula. Ngokuhlukile, ekamelweni elifudumele lezitshalo ezizaliswa kabusha, shiya umhlabathi uhlanganiswe ngesigamu ne-peat.
• Hlwanyela emhlabathini oqhwaziwe. Imbewu ifafazwe ngomhlabathi olungiselelwe ngaphambilini u-1 cm bese uhlanganisa ngokunamathiselwe nge-peat noma i-humus. Umbhede ungafudumala ngegatsha le-spruce noma impahla yokugqoka, okumelwe isuswe ngesikhathi esentwasahlobo lapho kuqala ukushisa, bese kuhlanganiswa nomhlabathi ukudala umphumela wokushisa.

Nini ukuhamba ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezulu?

Ibhodi eliphakathi

Uma uhlanza izaqathe ebusika, kubalulekile ukucabangela izimo zezulu zendawo ngayinye. Isifundazwe saseRussia ephakathi nendawo yezindawo ezinesimo sezulu sezulu esinezulu kanye nesimo sonyaka. Ukuqala kokubandayo okuzinzile kule ndawo kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba - ekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuqala kokuthungatha kungenakwenzeka, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu ukuhlwanyela izaqathe zasebusika.

Ukufika okungenani okungu-5 cm. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-carrot zifanele esifundeni esiphakathi:

• I-Losinoostrovskaya-13;
• I-Nantes-4;
• Okungenakuqhathaniswa;
• Ubusika baseMoscow;
• Callisto eyimfucuza.

ESiberia

Izimo ezishisayo zendawo kule ndawo ziyahlukahluka emifushane emifushane nasebusika obude. Ama-frosts okuqala ayabonakala kakade ekuqaleni kwekwindla, okuvame ukufakwa esikhundleni se-thaws. Ekugcineni, isimo sezulu esibanda sisekupheleni kuka-Okthoba.

Ukutshala izaqathe kungcono ukukwenza ngo-10 Okthoba. Yiziphi izinhlobo ezingcono zokutshala? Ukuhlwanyela eSiberia izinhlobo kufanelekile:

• U-Nastena uyamnandi;
• I-Altai ifushane;
• Dayana;
• Shantane;
• Indlovukazi yasekwindla;
• I-Nantes-4;
• I-Vitamin 6;
• Losinoostrovskaya-13.

Ural

Izimo, isikhathi sokutshala izaqathe zasebusika kule ndawo zifana nemisebenzi efanayo emgwaqeni ophakathi. Ezinhlobonhlobo zeqathethi ezifanele kakhulu ukuhlwanyela ekwindla, okulandelayo kungahlukaniswa:

• I-Nantes-4;
• Mo;
• I-Vitamin 6;
• Okungenakuqhathaniswa;
• Ubusika baseMoscow;
• I-Altai ifushane.

Usizo! Ukuvimbela ukukhishwa kwembewu yesitshalo sempande, umbhede kufanele ugcwale kangcono futhi ugqoke amaqabunga e-spruce.

Izinkinga nezixazululo ezingenzeka

Ngokuvamile lapho kuphakama izinkinga ze-carrots zasebusika:

• Ukungabikho noma inamba encane yezimbewu, amahlumela abuthakathaka ngemva kokuhlwanyela imbewu futhi isikhathi esithile sidlulile. Isizathu singase sibe sekusetshenzisweni kwembewu endala. Ngaphambi kokutshala, qinisekisa ukuthi uqinisekisa ukuhlwanyelwa kwezinhlamvu, ngoba ukuhluma kwazo ngonyaka ozayo kuwela isigamu.
• Ukulahlekelwa kwezithombo kubangelwa yi-agrotechnology engalungile lapho kukhula izaqathe zasebusika - ukuhlwanyela ngokuqondile eqhweni noma ngaphandle kokucabangela ukushisa kwemimoya nomhlabathi, ukungabi khona kwe-mulch nokugxilonga engadini. Ukugcinwa kwezimo ezithile ekulungiseleleni inhlabathi, ukutshala nokukhuphula izaqathe zasebusika kuyisiqinisekiso sokuvunwa okuhle.
• Ifomu elibi, elibi lemifino. Kubangelwa ukudlula kwe-nitrogen enhlabathini. Amaminerali amaminerali asetshenziswe enhlabathini kufanele abe nokubunjwa okulinganiselayo.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kokutshala okutshaliwe. Ixhunywe nokususwa okungazelelwe kwe-insulation kanye nokulayishwa kwe-mulch kusuka emibhedeni, okufanele isuswe ebusweni ngokuqala kwezinsuku ezifudumele.

Uma imithetho ye-agrotechnology ibonakala, umphumela ngeke ube isikhathi eside ekukhuleni izaqathi zasebusika, futhi imifino ekhanyayo, e-orange izobajabulisa ngempela abalimi ekuqaleni kwehlobo ngokunethezeka nokuchichima kwamavithamini.