Amapulazi wezeluleko: Ngingasitshala yini utamatisi kanye nepelepele endaweni yokushisa efanayo, nokuthi ungathola kanjani isivuno esihle?

Ukushisa kwama-greenhouse kuvumela ukuthi abalimi bakwazi ukukhiqiza isivuno sonyaka. Kodwa empumelelweni, akwanele nje ukwakha isakhiwo esiphakeme kakhulu; kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi imingcele yamasiko angomakhelwane lapho ekhula.

Ngingayitshala yini utamatisi nge-pepper, futhi kungcono nini ukukwenza? Lokhu nokunye okuningi uzofunda kusuka kusihloko sethu.

Sinikeza imiyalelo eningiliziwe ngokutshala okuhlanganyelwe kwetamatisi kanye nepelepele futhi sinakekele ezimweni zokushisa.

Ngingayitshala yini lezi zitshalo?

Kunconywa kanjani lokhu?

Usizo. Utamatisi nama-pepper bahlangana kahle, njengoba bobabili bangabomndeni we-nightshade. Ngakho-ke, singathuthukisa ngokuqinisekile ukutshala okuhlanganyelwe kulowo abamba ukushisa.

Omunye kufanele enze umzamo omncane wokuhlinzekela izimo ezifanayo ekuthuthukiseni okunempilo kokubili izitshalo.

Izinzuzo nokuqeda

Izinzuzo:

• Ama-utamatisi akhiqiza amafutha akhethekile abalulekile angenakuxolisa ama-aphid, anomphumela omuhle kule pepper ehambisana nokuhlaselwa kwawo.
• Ubukhulu bezitshalo buvumela ukuhlanganisa bobabili izinhlobo embhedeni owodwa, okwenza kube lula ukugcina isikhala.

I-Cons:

• Kanye nama-utamatisi, kuphela izinhlobo ezinothile ze-pepper ezingatshalalwa. Ukukhathazeka, uma kutholakala impova, kuyothinta kabi ukunambitheka kotamatisi.
• I-Pepper ithanda inhlabathi enomswakama, ngoba utamatisi iyonakalisa. Ngakho-ke, kuzodingeka ukuthi kugcinwe njalo ukulinganisela okunamandla kokugcwalisa umswakama wenhlabathi ukuze kutholakale induduzo kuzo zombili amasiko.

Imisebenzi yokulungiselela

Kufanele kube yindawo yokufika?

Ukushisa okwakhiwa kwamanje kungakhiwa ngeglasi nefilimu noma ku-polycarbonate. Isimo esikhulu ukuthi kufanele kube nokuphakama okwanele ukuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwamatamatisi. I-greenhouse kufanele ifakwe ukukhanyisa okulungile futhi ingasebenzi ngokuphazamiseka uhlelo lokuphuza umoya.

Izinhlobo ezikhethekile zokubambisana ngokuhlanganyela

Uma i-greenhouse encane futhi udinga ukulondoloza isikhala, kufanele uthenge izinhlobo eziningana zezamatamatisi kanye ne-pepper emfushane, ukuze uzihlwanyele embhedeni owodwa. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-pepper ziyindlela enhle kakhulu.:

• Eroshka;
• Uthando lwe-Apricot;
• Isabella;
• Swallow;
• Chanterelle;
• I-Albatross;
• I-Fakir;
• Timoshka.

Ukulima okuhlangene nezinhlobo zezithelo zika utamatisi zifanelekile:

• Aksinya;
• I-Eupator;
• Zhenaros;
• Pablo;
• Isivunguvungu

Ground

Inhlabathi yokutshala utamatisi kanye nepelepele ingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile futhi uyibeke endaweni yokushisa. Ungakwazi futhi ukulungisa i-substrate ngokwakho. Inhlabathi kumele ibe nenani elikhulu le-peat, njengoba iyakwazi ukufudumala, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba khona kokunethezeka kokubili kwamasiko.

Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto evulekile futhi enomsoco futhi ngokuyinhloko iqukethe ubumba noma umhlabathi oqoshiwe ngokufaka i-sawdust, i-humus kanye ne-peat eshiwo ngenhla ngokulinganisela okulinganayo. I-greenhouse igcwaliswe ngesilinganiso samabhakede amathathu we-substrate ngayinye imitha yesigcawu. m

Indlela yokukhula?

Kubalulekile ukutshala izitshalo kuphethini lokuhlola., bebeka esiteji sokuqala ezinhlobonhlobo zomtamatisi omude, ukugcina ibanga phakathi kwamahlathi angu-40 cm, futhi emva kokutshala phakathi kwazo izihlahla ze-pepper. Leli lungiselelo lezithombo ezinemiqolo emithathu lifanele usayizi we-greenhouse 6x3. Ivumela ukungabi nanoma yisiphi isitshalo sokukhanyisa, ngoba ngemva kokusika izinsika ezingaphansi kwepilisi indawo enkulu yamahhala izovuleka.

Ungase futhi utshale izihlahla ze-pepper emigqeni yamatamatisi, ngenkathi ugcina ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo okungenani u-20 cm. Ukukhethwa okulandelayo kuhlanganisa ukulungiswa kwamatamatisi kanye nepelepele ezinhlangothini eziphambene nendawo yokushisa: ngezinye izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamatamatisi, kanti enye ilungiselela i-hotbed for pepper.

Kubalulekile! Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuba imibhede ibheke ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu, ekude okungenani okungama-70 cm komunye nomunye, kumele ibe okungenani ama-20 cm ubude futhi ububanzi buka-60-90 cm.

Imbewu

Utamatisi

1. Amabhokisi okuhlwanyela, angaba ngu-8 cm high, afakwa esitheni sokushisa, lapho ukushisa kwegumbi kufanele kugcinwe khona futhi ukukhanya okuhle kufanele kuhlelwe.
2. Inhlabathi ithululelwa kuwo, ilula kancane futhi i-grooves yenziwa, 1 - 1.5 cm ejulile.
3. Emagqumeni abeka imbewu, eneminyaka engama-10 ubudala ngaphambi kwesixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate.
4. Sula amanzi.
5. Ngemuva kokuthi amahlumela avele, ngesonto izithombo zihamba. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe esiteji samapheshana amabili akhiwe.
6. Ukuhambisa isitsha esithe xaxa kufanele kwenziwe okwenziwe yi-sprout ngayinye ngokwehlukana, ngenkathi igcina umquba womhlaba phezu komgogodla.

I-Pepper

1. Imbewu ingasetshenziswa i-disinfected, igxilwe esikhwameni se-gauze futhi igxilwe kuqala emanzini abilisiwe afudumele amahora amabili, bese imizuzu engu-25 isisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Emva kokuhlanza ngamanzi asebenzayo futhi omisiwe.
2. Imbewu ifakwa emabhokisini wezithombo ezinomhlabathi olungiselelwe ngaphambilini, zijulise intshi.
3. Ukushisa nezimo ezilula zokuhluma kufana nalabo abatamatisi.
4. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezithombo zokuhamba nge-saplings.

Izithombo

1. Kubalulekile ukutshala izithombo endaweni yokushisa, ngokuqiniseka ukuthi izitshalo ezithisa ukushisa ngeke zivezwe emazingeni okushisa aphansi.
2. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
3. Kumele ugxile ekuthuthukiseni izithombo, amaqabunga ayo kufanele awakhiwe kahle, futhi ukuphakama kufanele okungenani kube ngu-30 cm.
4. Imithombo yokutshala kufanele ibe yi-20 cm ejulile, kufanele ichithe ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate nge-1 l ngomthombo ngamunye.
5. Izithombo kudingeka zisuse ngokucophelela ezigulini ngaphandle kokulimaza igumbi lomhlaba.
6. Gxila emithonjeni.
7. Fafaza ngenhlabathi futhi ulula kancane.
8. Amanzi ngaphansi kwezimpande zesitshalo ngasinye ngamanzi afudumele.

Imiyalo yokunakekela

Naphezu kokuthi le mijelo ingumndeni ofanayo, ukunakekelwa kwabo akufani.

Ukunisela kanye nomanyolo

I-Agro-technology yamatamatisi idinga umswakama ophansi, okungenani u-60% ngokwe-hygrometer. Lesi sitshalo asibekezelelanga kakhulu futhi sinyuka emahlamvu. I-Pepper ingaba nezithelo zombili emazingeni aphansi namanzi aphezulu. Ukuvuthwa okuvame ukuvunywa futhi isitshalo asesabi ukwanda kwamagatsha.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu okokuqala kwenza amasonto amabili emva kokutshala kwezitshalo zemifino. Ukutshala izitshalo ngenhlanganisela ye-mullein ne-nitrophoska, ngesilinganiso se-1 tbsp ye-nitrophoska, i-0.5 l ye-mullein egcwele amanzi ngalinye. Ingxube kumele yenziwe ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10, enye yokugqoka ephezulu nge-potassium sulfate yenziwa; kuyodingeka ukuthi isetshenziswe izikhathi ezingu-3 kulo lonke isikhathi.

Ukunciphisa, ukuphoqa, ukuphoqa

Izinqubo ezingenasidingo ze-Paceynki ezivela emasimini amaqabunga, kufanele zinqunywe, kanye namaqabunga aphansi. Ukushiya epulazini elikhulu kungabikho amabhulashi amahlanu. Inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokuphela kwenkathi ekhulayo, phonsa ithiphu.

Izinsiza, zilenga

Izinhlobo eziningana zika utamatisi zidinga ukubopha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izigxobo neziqu zamatamatisi ziboshwe nge-string ukusekelwa ekugcineni kwensimu. Njengoba lesi sitshalo sikhula, inani lamanothi liyokhula. Ukulenga kudingekile uma kusetshenziswe indlela engezansi ejwayelekile yokutshala izitshalo, isibonelo, emabhodleleni.

Izifo nezinambuzane

• Slugs kanye nemisinki - I-Pepper - ukudla okuthandayo kulezi zinambuzane. Ukuqeda ukuhlasela kwabo - udinga ukubeka isicupho. Beka i-slate ngemigudu emincane emkhatsini wemibhede, engaphansi kwelanga zonke izinambuzane zizobe zingaphansi kwe-slate, emva kwalokho zingabhubhisa. Inqubo kumele iphindwe izinsuku ezimbalwa.
• Ukuphazamisa okwesikhashana - Isifo se-fungal of utamatisi esiqala izinqubo zokubola. Ivela ngenxa yokudlula. Kubalulekile ukuqapha umswakama womhlabathi futhi uma kwenzeka i-lesion ekhona ngesikhathi ukusebenzisa ama-fungicidal agents.
• I-brown utamatisi weqabunga - isifo se-fungal, sibonakaliswe ngendlela yamabala obomvu okomile emaqabungeni amaqabunga ama-utamatisi. Ukulwa nalesi sifo kwenziwa ngosizo lwe-fungicides.
• I-phytoplasmosis ye-pepper - lesi sifo sibangelwa ama-aphid nezinambuzane zesicabucabu. Ibhuloho ayikhuli kuze kube ngosayizi oshiwo, amaqabunga asomile futhi aphelile, lesi sitshalo siphelile. Ekulwa nalesi sifo yizinambuzane eziphumelelayo.