Ukuzalanisa unogwaja

I-rabbit yokuzala ayihlanganisi kuphela ukuthengwa kwezilwane ezihamba ngezinyawo, kodwa futhi ukudala izimo ezifanele zokugcinwa kwazo, ukudla okunomsoco, izinsizakalo zezilwane kanye nezinyathelo zokuzivikela ezifika ngesikhathi. Sizochaza ubuqili bokuzala onogwaja, imithetho yokudla nokunakekela, okuqhubekayo kulesi sihloko.

Okuqukethwe:

• Indlela yokukhetha onogwaja esizweni
• Ubudala
• Izimfanelo zomuntu ngabanye
• Ngokusho kwemiphumela ye-okrolov yokuqala
• Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa
• Izimo zokuboshwa
• Ukunakekela nokuhlanzeka
• Izindleko zokudla nezondlo zokuzala onogwaja
• Ividiyo: I-Rabbit Yokuzala

Kungani kuzaliswa onogwaja bezizwe

Izazi ze-Zoologists zihlukanisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-70 zenyama, phansi kanye nezinhlanga zobunogwaja, kodwa iningi lazo aziwazi ngaphezu kuka-20 zazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe abaningi bakhomba uhlobo oluthile lwezinhlayiya ezinogwaja, okuyinto eqinisweni olubalulekile. Kulezi zimo ukuthi kulandela isidingo esikhulu sokuzalanisa ukukhiqiza okulandelayo. Namuhla, abalimi bomlenze banesithakazelo ikakhulukazi ezilwaneni ezivela enyameni nasezinkambisweni zenyama, ezivela e-United States of America, eYurophu naseNew Zealand. Umkhiqizo ophezulu kanye nokulondolozwa kahle kwemfuyo kubonakala kule mikhakha elandelayo:

• I-Californian;
• I-New Zealand;
• I-giant elimhlophe;
• Inqama yeFrance;
• I-soviet chinchilla;
• I-white downy;
• I-giant yaseBelgium.

Uyazi? Umlenze onyawo lwesokunxele emasikweni amaningi emhlabeni, kuhlanganise naseYurophu, eNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika, e-Afrika naseChina, uhlonishwa njengenhlawulo yenjabulo. Cishe, inkolelo emandleni emilingo yalesi sihloko ibuyele kuma-600s. BC kusukela kubantu baseCeltic ababehlala emazweni aseYurophu.

Isici sesici salezi zinhlobo ukwanda okusheshayo. Isisindo sabadala sihluka kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-10 kg. Kodwa-ke, uma kungabikho ukuzala, kunabantu abaye behla.

Indlela yokukhetha onogwaja esizweni

Ukuze ukhethe ukwedlula onogwaja, kubalulekile ukukhetha obala womzali oyedwa. Kulesi sigaba, abaningi abasanda kufika baqondiswa kuphela yizimpawu zangaphandle zokuzalana kwezilwane. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kochwepheshe, lokhu akwanele ukukhomba abesifazane nabesilisa abahloniphekile.

Eqinisweni, kunezinkomba ezihlanganyelwe. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi uhlobo lobuhlobo babo, kanye nokukwazi ukubala izici eziphambili. Masikhulume kabanzi ngabanye babo.

Kubalulekile! Iphutha elivame kakhulu ekukhethweni kobabili onogwaja kungukuphakama komkhawulo ohlangothini lwexabiso lokunyuka. Ngenkathi ukuphikiswa kwezifo, ukuzala, ubisi kanye nezimo zokubeletha ezibelethweni kubaluleke ngaphezu kwezomnotho kunesisindo sokwehla kwesisindo kumawadi e-eared.

Ubudala

Lesi yisigaba sokuqala sokukhethwa kwezilwane ezincane, ezenziwa ezinsukwini ezingama-60-90. Ngokuya ngezici zohlobo, izinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu ezinogwaja baby zifakwa kumama. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abantu abaneziphambeko zomzimba, ubunqunu obungavamile, ubuthakathaka emzimbeni, ukunganakwa kanye nokudla okungenasisindo ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe bayeluleka ukuba banake izibonakaliso ezihlobene nazo, okuyinto umlenze uzuze njengefa. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ngokushesha izinkomba zokusinda kanye nobumnandi besizukulwane somzali, kanye nabandulela.

Ukuze kuboniswe kangcono izimfanelo zefa, kwakunconywa ukuthi kufeze ukwenziwa kwezikhwabhaka kusukela e-spring okrolov yasebusika, njengoba zikhula ngesikhathi esihle kakhulu.

Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthola ukuthi iminyaka emingaki ihlala nokuthi unquma kanjani iminyaka yabanogwaja, kanye nokuthi yini ethonya impilo yobunogwaja.

Ngalesi sigaba, kusesekuseni kakhulu ukugweba ukubikezela komkhiqizo kanye nokuhlanzeka kwabantu abakhethiwe, ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha abafanelekile, kuphakama ubunzima abaningi. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bacebisa ukunikeza izilwane ezincane ezivela ezinogwaja abavundile kusukela kumjikelezo wokuqala noma wesibili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abazali kumele bahlelwe kahle.

Ngokuvamile abesifazane nabesilisa abavuthiwe ngokobulili basebenzisa iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-2, kodwa uma umsebenzi wabo wokuzala uyanelisa, le nkathi ingadluliselwa ngonyaka. Ukuze wenze ukukhetha okulungile, qaphela ukusebenza kahle komugqa wabazali, ngezikhathi ezithile ususe abantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-3, kanye nabanogwaja abancane abanikeza inzalo encane, emva kokuqhathanisa, abazange bahlolwe izikhathi eziningana noma baxoshwe.

Uyazi? Izinambuzane ezivela kwezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ezinesidumbu sinezakhiwo ezihlukile zezocansi. Unesibeletho esiqinile. Ngakho-ke, isilwane singakwazi ukugqoka izikhathi ezimbili ngezikhathi ezahlukene ezivela emadodeni ahlukene.

Izimfanelo zomuntu ngabanye

Esikhathini sesigaba sesibili sokukhethwa, umbelethi onogwaja kufanele aqaphele ijubane lokuthuthukiswa kwabantu abazalayo, ukukhula kwabo, impilo, umsebenzi kanye nezimpawu zangaphandle.

Kubalulekile ukucabangela inani labanogwaja endaweni. Ngempela, ezincane, zikhulu kangakanani. Ngakho-ke, ekuphishekeleni ukukhula okuhle, ungadala izilwane ezinzima, kodwa ezincane. Ngaphezu kokuthola isisindo kusuka ezincane ezikhethiwe, kubalulekile ukunakekelwa isimo sokuhlanzeka kwemfuyo kanye nokudla okunomsoco. Phela, lezi zimo zizobonakalisa ngokugcwele ukukhiqizwa okuzuzwe njengefa kwamadoda nabesilisa abakhethiwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukukhethwa kwemvelo kuzothatha ukusebenza.

Uyazi? Unogwaja unamazinyo angu-28, futhi amazinyo amancane akhula ngemuva kwe-incisors yayo yangaphambili. Lezi zilwane ziqhenya ukudla okunomkhuba futhi zidla konke okukhulayo, futhi ngobuningi. Ngesikhathi esisodwa, unogwaja omdala angadla utshani obuningi okwanele ukugcwalisa umcamelo omkhulu..

Akufanelekile ukuqhubela phambili umsebenzi wokuzalanisa abantu abanakho:

• uboya obuncane, obunamahloni kanye no-wavy;
• isifuba esincane;
• imisipha engakhiwe kahle;
• kukhona ukucindezeleka phakathi kwama-shoulder blade;
• isikhumba esikhulu;
• isisu esinamandla kakhulu;
• ivuselelwe emuva;
• umncane omncane;
• Ukulungiselelwa okungalungile kwemilenze yangaphambili noma yangemuva;
• kunama-nodules nama-tubercles esikhumbeni, amajwabu amehlo;
• izindlebe, izindlebe ezincane (ziyasebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo, ngaphandle kwezinqama);
• ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo owohlokile;
• kukhona noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka;
• kunciphise umsebenzi obalulekile;
• isifiso esibi;
• izifo ezithathelwanayo, ezibangelwa amagciwane nezinye izifo zitholakale.

Ngokusho kwemiphumela ye-okrolov yokuqala

Isigaba sokugcina sokukhethwa kwezilwane ezifuywayo sisekelwe emandleni akhe okuzala. Kubalulekile uma onogwaja beneminyaka engu-6-8 ubudala. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi inani lokuzala lezilwane liyabonakala ngenxa ye-3-4 acrols.

Cabanga ukuthi ukukhulelwa kuka-rabbit kuqhubeka isikhathi eside kangakanani nokuthi ungayinquma kanjani, futhi ufunde konke ngesikhathi sonyaka wobusika nokuqukethwe komgwaqo.

Ukuze kuzalwe ukuhlolwa, owesifazane oqakathekileko uyakwazi ukudlulisa phambili iimfanelo zayo eziqakathekileko esizukulwaneni esitjha-ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, ukutlhogomela nokukhuthazela okuhle kwezinto ezimbiko zemvelo. Abantu abanesici esilandelayo sezimpawu zangaphandle nezomzimba bahambisana ngokugcwele nalezi zimfuneko:

• isici senyama nomzimba;
• ubuchopho obuphezulu;
• ukuthambekela kokukhulelwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka;
• unogada kusuka ezinogwaja 8 kuya ku-14;
• ukuphepha kwesimo sefektri esikhathini sokulahlwa;
• ukuthuthukiswa komfaniswano wezingane kanye no-90-100% wokulondolozwa kwayo kuze kube yilapho kuguqulwa;
• ukujwayela okusheshayo kwezimo ezintsha, kufaka hlangana nabangalungile;
• elastic, esikhunjeni esikhuphukile ngokuqina phansi ngaphandle kwe-scuffs;
• ukufana nokuhlala njalo kwezinkanyezi (ukunakekelwa kumele kuhokhwe inani lenzalo, kanye nezikhathi eziphakathi kokukhulelwa);
• umsebenzi ophezulu wocansi.

Ukukhethwa kwamadoda kwenziwa ngokucatshangwa ngezikhathi eziphakathi kwamakheji okuqala nokubili, futhi ukuphefumula kwesilwane kubhekwe. Inzuzo yokuzala ihlala nalabo abanakho:

• Umzimba oqinile ohlangene-wesifuba somthethosisekelo ofanele;
• i-croup enkulu yama-muscular (abantu abanesakhiwo se-angular esilulayo abavunyelwe);
• Ukudla okunomsoco (izilwane ezincane kakhulu ziyokwenza inzalo ebuhlungu ibe namandla).

Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa

Umbhangqwana wokubeletha ungagcinwa kokubili ezindaweni ezivaliwe nasezikhungweni zomgwaqo. Into eyinhloko ukuthi indawo yokuhlala unogwaja kufanele ifakwe endaweni ephathekayo futhi ivikeleke emasithweni amakhulu ngokukhishwa kwemvelo noma yokufakelwa, ngoba ilanga eliqondile liphikisana ngokuphelele nezilwane.

Sikukwazisa ukuba uzijwayele izici zokuzala onogwaja ekhaya, futhi ufunde konke mayelana nokuzalisa onogwaja njengebhizinisi.

Ngaphambi kwalokho kufanele unakekele ukufinyelela okukhululekile kunogwaja, okuzokwenza kube lula ukugcinwa nokusabalaliswa kokudla. Owesilisa nowesilisa kufanele baphile ngaphandle. Kubalulekile ukuba umfuyi avikele amacala akhe ekushiseni, ukucoqa ngokweqile kanye nokwehla kwamanzi. Ake sicacise ngezimo ezidingekayo nemithetho esemqoka yokunakekelwa.

Izimo zokuboshwa

Kuye ngokucaciswa kokusetshenziswa, abajutjhi bahlukile, kodwana boke kufuze bahlangabezane neemfuneko ezilandelako:

1. Kutholakala ezindaweni ezomile futhi eziphakeme, kude nemithombo yomswakama namanzi, emthunzini wezihlahla. Lokhu kungenxa yokungahambisani nokukhanya kwelanga eliqondile.
2. Yiba ne-high quality ventilation. Ezindaweni zamagceke ukuhamba emoyeni akufisi, okudlula isivinini se-30 m / s.
3. Unyaka wonke ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomoya kufike ku-15 ... +20 ° C (ngalokhu, isakhiwo kufanele sishiswe emakhazeni).
4. Ebusika, kufakwe okungenani amahora angu-10 ngosuku. Ngokufanelekile, ifasitela efakwe kulo lonke udonga ohlangothini lwasempumalanga lwesakhiwo lungasombulula le nkinga.
5. Itholakala ekuphakameni kwama-80-100 cm ukusuka emhlabathini. Kudingekile ukuvikela amawadi emagatsheni, futhi lesi sixazululo sizosiza kakhulu ukugcinwa.
6. Izinkomba zomswakama endlini enogwaja kumele zihambelane no 60-70%.
7. I-classic version ye-queen queen rabbit inezilinganiso ezingu-70 x 100 x 60 cm. Isitoko esincane, isakhiwo singase sifushane. Ubukhulu bamaseli buxhomeke kakhulu ekuzalweni kwamawadi kanye nendlela abagcinwa ngayo. Isibonelo, amazinyane adinga cishe ngamamitha ayizi-0.5-0.7 wendawo, amadoda amadala adinga u-0.17 m2, kanti izilwane ezincane zidinga 0.12 m2.
8. Okungcono kakhulu amangqamuzana akhiwe ngemishini yensimbi nezinkuni. Iphansi ngokuvamile lenziwe ngama-slats, kodwa ukuze ugweme ukuthuthukiswa kwe-poddermatit, kufanele ihlanganiswe ngendwangu esithambile kanye nobuningi bomshini.

Ukunakekela nokuhlanzeka

Ukufuya imfuyo kubalulekile ukuvikela izifo ezingenzeka, ngakho-ke kufanele unakekele unogwaja kufanele unikwe umthwalo omkhulu. Bonke onogwaja basabela kabi kakhulu lapho bengcola ezindaweni zabo zokuhlala kanye nama-ammonia. Ngakho-ke, umbelethi udinga:

• Hlanza ama-pallets nsuku zonke kusuka kumquba (izinhlanzi zezilwane kumele zilahlwe kahle, akumukeleki ukuba usondele amaseli);
• shintsha udoti ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo nsuku zonke (uma kungenjalo, isilwane sizoguga ngenxa yokwanda kwamanzi);
• ngaphambi kokudla kokubili, hlambulula abaxhasi emanzini okudla (onogwaja bahlukaniswa ukuzwela okwenziwe emathunjini omzimba);
• ngaphambi kokunisela ngamunye ukuguqula amanzi kulabo abaphuza bese kuqapha ukuhlanzeka kwabo;
• i-semester ngayinye yenza ukuhlanza okujwayelekile endlini yogwaja ne-disinfection yayo ephelele.

Ukukhipha imvelo ye-pathogenic ezinqolobaneni zogwaja akulula kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, awukwazi ukuqala le nqubo. Umfuyi we-rabbit kumele aqonde ukuthi ukutheleleka kanye namagciwane kunokuphila okungajwayelekile, ukuthelela izizukulwane ngezilwane ezintsha eziboniswa kulezi zimo. Ngenxa yalokho, kungukuthi ukukhipha imishanguzo ngesikhathi sokuqeda izikhumba kanye nendawo yonke yokuvimbela imfuyo ekuweleni.

Kubalulekile! Esikhathini esifudumele, isixazululo se-disinfection singabanda, kanti ngesikhathi sekwindla-ebusika kungcono ukuyilungiselela ngokusebenzisa amanzi ashisayo..

Njengoba ama-microbes ahlala ezindlini zezindlini ezisezingeni eliphezulu aphikisana kakhulu namazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi aphansi, ngokushesha asheshe ajwayele amakhemikhali anobuthi, angabhubhisa kuphela izindlela ezikhethekile zokungasebenzi nge-disinfection. Zonke izindiza (zombili zangaphakathi nangaphandle) zobunogwaja, konke okusungulwayo okubandakanyekayo ekunakekeleni, kanye nasezindongeni, phansi nokufakwa kwegumbi lapho kutholakala khona ikamelo kufanele lilashwe. Okokuqala, onogwaja bafakelwa kabusha ekwakhiweni, futhi ngemuva nje kwalokho bahlanza isikhala sezinyosi, ukulala nokuthungwa. Bese ususe zonke izakhi ezikhishwayo kanye ne-hose ngejethi yamanzi ashisayo ugeze isango ngaphakathi. Phinda le nqubo nganoma yisiphi isilawuli nesibhamu. Okufanayo kwenziwa nge-inventory, feeders nabaphuzi.

Kumele uvumelane ukuthi ukungasebenzi ngegciwane lamangqamuzana onogwaja akuyona nje isidingo, kodwa kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu futhi edingekayo. Cabangela izindlela zokwelapha amakheji ezinogwaja ekhaya.

Ngemuva kokusebenza okusebenzayo, izindlu zogwaja zishiywa ukuze zome futhi kuphela zelashwa ngama-disinfectants: i-Virocid, i-Alcohol, i-Ecocide C, i-Formalin, i-Glutex, i-Virosan, i- Whiteness, i-Virkon C, isisombululo se-formaldehyde, i-soda ash noma i-Bromosept-50. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungashisa isakhiwo nge-blowtorch.

Izindleko zokudla nezondlo zokuzala onogwaja

Emenyu ye-rabbit kufanele ibe nezithako ezihlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi okusanhlamvu, ama-juicy, u-roughage, kanye nokugxila kanye nama-vitamin-mineral supplements. Kulesi simo, ukungondleki noma ukudla ngokweqile kuyothinta kakhulu imisebenzi yokuzala ye-stock breeding.

Uyazi? Unogwaja omncinyane kakhulu abamele abase-Little Idahonoma, njengoba kuthiwa, ama-pygmies. Isisindo esiphezulu sezilwane ezindala sifinyelela ku-450 g kuphela, kanti ubude bomzimba buphakathi kokungu-22 kuya ku-35 cm.

Akukwakamukeli ngokwezigaba ukunikeza izilwane kuphela utshani noma imifino. Ukudla okulandelayo kufanele kube nokudla kwabo:

1. Hay Kunganikwa izilwane ezifuywayo ekudleni ngamunye. Into eyinhloko - ukuqapha ukoma nokucwiliswa kwayo, njengoba kuboniswe iphunga elimnandi nombala we-herbal ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ehlobo ungondla izitshalo ezomile. Ukuvuna i-hay kulungele kakhulu: inambuzane yokugaya, i-calendula, i-clover, i-yarrow, i-burdock, utshani obumile, inkanyezi yenkanyezi, ama-knotweed, ama-stalks, ama-hogweed, i-hop, i-dandelion, i-rhubarb.
2. Uhlobo. I-pea, i-lentil, i-millet kanye ne-oat ibonakala ngekhwalithi ephakeme kakhulu. Inikelwa onogwaja kanye ngosuku ngesipuni se-steamed, esixubene nesondlo esakhiwe ngo-5: 1 isilinganiso. Isithako esinjalo singase sibe khona kwimenyu ye-rabbit, uma kungekho okunye okuphakelayo okukhulu.
3. Amahlamvu namagatsha ezihlahla. Ngokubaluleka kokudla okunomsoco, lolu hlobo lokudla lulingana nemifino yokudla. Okufanelekile kakhulu: i-birch, i-Lindeni, umlotha, i-willow, i-aspen, i-maple, i-poplar yesiliva, i-hornbeam, i-elm, iphakathi kwe-acacia, i-apula. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi lolu hlobo lokudla lwaluhlala luhlala endaweni yokutholakala.
4. Amakhambi amasha nemifino. Kuwusizo kakhulu ukunikeza umbhangqwana ozalanayo: izinhlanzi ezincane ezinamafutha, i-dioecious, iziqhumane, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ama-dandelions, i-parsley, i-dill, i-plantain, i-yarrow, amaqabunga ama-burdock amancane, i-clover yasendle, i-thistle, i-tansy, ama-strawberry, ama-stalks.
5. Imifino. Uhlu lwavunyelwe: izaqathe, i-turnips, utamatisi, i-zucchini, ukhukhamba, i-pea pods, ubhontshisi, ithanga, amahlumela aseBrussels, i-broccoli, izithelo ze-artichoke zaseJerusalema. Kubalulekile ukuthi i-pulp esusiwe embewu ifakwa kubanikazi bezilwane.
6. Izithelo namajikijolo. Nika ngamanani amancane: amapheya, ama-apula, amakhabe namakhabe (unganikeza ikhasi), i-gooseberries (Kunconywa ukuthi unike ngezinsuku ezingu-2-3); ama-strawberries, ama-cranberries, ama-blueberries, i-sea buckthorn, i-rose rose, amakhiwane asanda kuthathwa, ama-currants amnyama nebomvu, amagilebhisi.
7. ISilo Kubalulekile ebusika. Ilungiselelwe kusuka ezitshalweni ezingaphansi.
8. Izitshalo, okulinganiselwe ibhali, ama-oats, ukolweni kanye nommbila.
9. Yondla futhi igxila. Okungcono, okukhethwa kukho okufakiwe kufaka phakathi: 28% ukudla okutshani, 20% ingxube-oatmeal kanye ne-corn-barley, i-13% yokudla kwe-sunflower, i-15% yegoroyi yegoroyi, i-2-4% imvubelo engadliwayo, usawoti, inhlanzi nenyama kanye nethambo ufulawa.
10. Amavithamini namaminerali amaminerali ngesimo se-granulated potassium-calcium supplements, amakhiloti athile okhethekile, amatshe acwebekile.

Izindleko zokudla zixhomeke ikakhulukazi esikhathini nenkathi yezinkomo ezifuywayo. Khumbula ukuthi uma ungondleki noma udla ngokweqile, akufanele ulindele imiphumela yokuzalanisa okuhle. Ukuze uqagele inani lohlobo oluthandayo lokudla esimweni esithile, landela idatha etafuleni elingezansi.

Umthetho obaluleke kunazo zonke ekuzalweni kogwaja kungumsoco omuhle wezilwane ezifuywayo ezinokudla okunempilo kakhulu. Funda ngawo wonke umkhuba wokudla onogwaja, ikakhulukazi ebusika, futhi uthole uhlu lwemikhiqizo enqatshelwe futhi evunyelwe onogwaja.

Ukuzama ukuzalanisa onogwaja kudinga ulwazi nolwazi oluthile ekuzaleni kwalezi zilwane. Ngisho nephutha elincane ekukhetheni noma ekulondolozeni imfuyo ezalisayo lingonakalisa wonke umsebenzi owenziwe ekuqaleni. Sithemba ukuthi isihloko sethu sizokusiza ekuzaleni onogwaja obuqinile.

Ividiyo: I-Rabbit Yokuzala