Ama-raspberry awabalulekanga ukunambitheka kwawo okuhle, kepha futhi nezimpawu zawo zokuphilisa nobuhle. Ezinhlotsheni ezikhona, iTaganka ilungele kahle ukukhula cishe kunoma yisiphi isifunda saseRussia. Ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene okulungayo kanye nekhono lokuthela izithelo kuze kube sekwindla sekwedlule ukunqashelwa kwabalimi abaningi. Ukwenza lula ukunakekelwa kwenza ama-raspberries weTaganka angabizi kunoma ngubani.
Umlando We-Taganka Ohlukahlukene
ITaganka yizinhlobonhlobo zasekhaya ezi-raspberries, ezifundwe kudala, ngonyaka we-1976. Isikhungo sokufuya-ubuchwepheshe sokutshala ingadi nokubeletha (eMoscow) saba indawo yokuzalwa yezinhlobonhlobo ngenxa yomsebenzi womfuyi wezilwane uV.V. Kichina, owanqamula izinhlobo zaseKrupna Dvuroda nge-hybrid yaseScotland 707/75.
Incazelo yebanga
I-Taganka okusajingijolo ifika sekwephuzile futhi kungokwentando yokulungisa, okungukuthi, ithela izithelo kabili ngonyaka - kumahlumela amadala nasencane. Abanye abalimi be-amateur babiza lokhu okuhlukahlukene ngokuthi "yi-semi-unomphela" ngenxa yokuthi ama-ovaries akumahlumela waminyaka yonke akha ifomu sekwephuze kakhulu futhi asinaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa ezindaweni ezibandayo.
ITaganka ikhula ezihlahleni ezinkulu ezisakazwayo, ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ukuphakama. Isihlahla ngasinye sakha kusuka kwabangu-7 kuye ku-9 amahlumela ansundu ansundu kanye namahlanga ayi-4-5. Amaqabunga amakhulu, ancibilikisiwe apendwe luhlaza obumnyama akhula ngokuqinile kwesiqu. Ingaphezulu lamahlumela limbozwe ngemiklamo eminingi onsomi. Ngenhlanhla, ama-spikes mancane kakhulu futhi athambile.
Kulelo naleloithelo izithelo ezimbili kuya kwezintathu kwakhiwa amajikijolo
Ukwenziwa kwe-ovary kwenzeka emagatsheni ezithelo, kakhulu kakhulu - kuze kube yizicucu ezingama-30, ukuze amagatsha aqhekeke. Amajikijolo akhulu impela, enesisindo esilinganiselwe esingu-7-8 g, ngezikhathi ezithile aze afike ku-17 g. Ukwakheka kwamajikijolo yisigaxa esiyindilinga. Ikhasi elincanyana lombala we-burgundy limboza uginindela omnandi ngephunga eliqinile le-raspberry nokunambitheka okunosawoti.
Izici zeBanga
Izinhlobo zeTaganka zibonakaliswa izimfanelo eziningi ezinhle nezingalungile.
Izinzuzo:
- ukwahlukana okwomile kwamajikijolo;
- ubusika obuhle bokuqina kwengxenye yezindiza kanye nohlelo lwezimpande (kufika ku-−20mayelanaC)
- ukukhiqiza okuphezulu - isihlahla ngasinye sinikeza kuze kube ngu-5 kg;
- spiky spikes;
- usayizi omkhulu nokubukeka okuhle kwamajikijolo;
- ukumelana okuhle kwezifo ezinkulu nezinambuzane eziningi.
Okubi:
- ukumelana kabi nesomiso - isikhathi eside esomile, ikhwalithi yamajikijolo iyawohloka;
- hhayi ukunambitheka okumnandi kakhulu kwamajikijolo;
- ukungakwazi ukuhamba kahle nokugcina ikhwalithi - amajikijolo ngokushesha aba omuncu.
Imithetho yokufakelwa
Izithombo ezingama-raspberry zitshalwa entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza, noma ekwindla, ngesikhathi sokuwa. Ukutshala entwasahlobo kunconyelwa ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, njengoba kulokhu izitshalo zizoba namathuba amaningi okugcwala kahle. Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile, kunalokho, kungcono ukutshala ekwindla - ama-raspberries azothela ngaphambi kwesithwathwa bese kuthi ngonyaka olandelayo aqale ukuthela izithelo.
Izithombo ze-rasipiberi kufanele zithengwe ezindaweni zokugcina izingane. Izithombo ezinempilo zinezimpande ezikhulisiwe ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokubola, eziphelele neziqu.
Izithombo zezinhlobonhlobo zeTaganka zimbi ngokubukeka - zincane, zinesigaxa esincanyana, ezingabavimbeli ekuqothulweni kahle.
Izithombo zingatholakala ngokuzimela kusuka ezihlahleni ezindala: ukuhlukanisa inzalo yezimpande noma amahlumela ngenombolo eyanele yezimpande. Ungasebenzisa futhi imbewu - kuma-raspberries angama-remont angama-60-65% wamacala agcina izakhiwo "zabazali". Imbewu ihlanzwa epulpini echotshoziwe, yomisiwe futhi igcinwe emazingeni okushisa we + 1 ... +3mayelanaC. Impilo yeshelufu ingaba yiminyaka eminingana.
Ama-raspberry akafuneki emhlabathini, into esemqoka ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okuhle nokudonsa (umswakama osimeme ngokushesha ubhubhisa uhlelo lwezimpande). Inhlabathi kumele ibe nomswakama ngokulinganayo ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngoba iTaganka ayithandi isomiso.
Uma amanzi eqina endaweni, kuyadingeka ukwenza uhlelo lokudonsa amanzi
Indawo ebekelwe ama-raspberry kufanele ifudumezwe kahle futhi ikhanye nelanga. Kuvunyelwe ukutshala emthunzini oyingxenye, kepha ngokushibilika okungapheli, ukwehla kwesivuno kanye nokuwohloka ekunambithekeni kwamajikijolo kuyabonakala.
Ukwakha ama-ovaries, ama-raspberries kufanele avinjelwe yizinambuzane, ngakho-ke, ukutshala izitshalo kufanele kuvikelwe emoyeni, okungagcini nje ngokugxambukela emsebenzini wezinyosi, kodwa futhi kungaphula amahlumela. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukubeka ama-raspberries eduze kocingo noma ezakhiweni.
Imibhede okusajingijolo ingavikelwa emoyeni ngothango oluvulekile
Inhlabathi yokutshala ilungiswa emavikini angama 4-5. Kususwa amaqabunga nokhula endaweni okuhloswe ngayo, kufakwa umanyolo (12-15 kg womquba no-140-160 g we-ash ash lokhuni ngemitha yesikwele) bese kumbiwa. Ngemuva kwalokho lungisa ama-grooves ngobubanzi bamafosholo ayi-3 nobubanzi be-1 bayonet. Ibanga phakathi kwama-grooves aseduze (imigqa yesikhathi esizayo) kufanele libe ngu-1.5-2 m. Ungqimba lwezakhi ezino-8-10 cm obukhulu buthululelwa ezansi kwe-groove. Ingxube yezakhi ilungiswa ngesilinganiso samabhakede ama-2 womquba, 200-250 g we-superphosphate no-100-120 g kasawoti potassium nge-1 m2. Umanyolo umbozwe ungqimba oluncane lomhlabathi.
Endaweni okuhloswe ngayo ukutshala ama-raspberries, udinga ukuhlanza ngokuphelele bese umba inhlabathi
Ukulandelana okuningana:
- Bheka isimo sezithombo, susa izimpande ezaphukile nezomile.
- Cwilisa izimpande imizuzwana embalwa ku-mash yenhlabathi (ungangeza isikhuthazo sokukhula, isibonelo, iKornevin).
- Beka izithombo ku-groove elungiselelwe ngokuphumula okungamasentimitha angama-80-100. Spread izimpande, ufafaze ngenhlabathi kanye ne-compact. Qinisekisa ukuthi intamo yezimpande ayifakwa emhlabathini!
- Sika iziqu ezingama-25-30 cm ngaphezu kwenhlabathi ube yihlumela.
- Thela isithombo ngasinye ngamalitha angama-7-8 amanzi bese ufaka umhluzi ngenhlabathi nge-humus.
Ividiyo: ukutshala ama-raspberries okuyi-remont
Izici zokukhula okusajingijolo
Ukuze kutshalwe ngempumelelo ama-raspberries, kuyadingeka ukulandela imithetho elula yezolimo - amanzi, ukusikwa, ukhula nokondla ngesikhathi.
Ukunisela, izihlahla nokubopha
I-Taganka ifunwa kakhulu ekunweni - ihlushwa kokubili ngokweqile kanye nokuntuleka kwamanzi. Ngokungabikho komswakama isikhathi eside, amajikijolo alahlekelwa ukunambitheka kwawo bese eba mancane, isivuno siyancipha. Udinga ukunisela raspberries njalo, kepha hhayi kakhulu. Isidingo esikhulu somswakama senzeka ngenkathi kwakhiwa ama-ovary nangesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo. Imvamisa, ama-plantings athelwayo kabili ngenyanga, ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Kuze kube nokuqhakaza kwezimbali kwenzeka, ukuthambisa kunconyelwa ukufafaza, isikhathi esisele lapho amanzi afakwa emafreyini ngesilinganiso samalitha angama-20-25 ngemitha eqondile.
Okusajingijolo uphendula kahle ukufafaza ukunisela
I-Taganka raspberry ingatshalwa njengesilimo sonyaka owodwa noma emibili. Ngendlela yokuqala, ngemuva kokuvuna, wonke amahlumela anqunywa emhlabathini. Ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esibandayo, kutshalwa ngokwendlela yesibili kunconyiwe. Kulokhu, kuphela amahlumela konyaka odlule anqunywa ekwindla.
Entwasahlobo yokutshala, izindawo ezomile nezonakalisiwe zamahlumela ziyahlolwa futhi zisuswe zingene ensobeni enempilo. Ngokuqina okuqinile, ama-plantings ahlukaniswa.
Ama-raspberry ajwayele "ukuphuma" endaweni yawo, ngakho-ke yonke inzalo yezimpande evela ngaphandle kwemingcele yesayithi, kanye nasemaphaseleni, kufanele isuswe.
Ividiyo: izitshalo ezisontekile ezisontekile
Ukubopha akugcini nje ngokuvikela iziqu ekuqhekekeni komoya noma ngaphansi kwesisindo sesitshalo, kodwa futhi kusiza ukunakekelwa kokutshala. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokusekelwa kwama-raspberries yi-trellis eyodwa. Kwedivaysi yayo, amakholomu angu-2,5 ukuphakama adonswa emhlabathini ngokuhambisana nomugqa we-raspberry, kanti imigqa eminingana yocingo olusekelayo iluliwe ngaphezulu kwawo. Uma kungekho kuvikelwe komoya okunikezwayo, ukhipha izigaxa ze-raspberry kufanele uboshwe ocingweni lokusekela, ngaphandle kwalokho amahlumela angaphuka ngakho.
Ividiyo: izici zokunakekela ama-raspberries e-remont
Ukufaka umquba, ukunakekelwa kwenhlabathi nokulungiselela ubusika
Ukuthola isivuno esigcwele, kubalulekile ukufaka umquba njalo raspberry. Izitshalo ezondlayo ziqala ngonyaka wesibili. I-nitrogen compounds (isb. 15-20 g / m2 ammonium sulfate), ekuqaleni kwehlobo - umanyolo we-organic (umquba obunjiwe, umquba) ngesilinganiso samabhakede ama-5 nge-1 m2futhi ekwindla - usawoti we-potassium (30 g / m2) Njalo ngeminyaka emithathu, i-phosphorus ihlangana (isibonelo, i-55-60 g / m2 superphosphate). Izinto eziphilayo zilethwa ngaphansi kokumba kwenhlabathi, kuthi izinto zamaminerali zihlakazeke ebusweni bomhlaba, zihlanganiswa nemfoloko futhi ziniselwe.
Ngokwengeziwe kumanyolo wendabuko, ungasebenzisa okuyinkimbinkimbi
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ehlobo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kunconywa ukumboza umhlabathi eduze nezihlahla ngesendlalelo se-humus. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ukondla uketshezi kwenziwa ngesisombululo sokuphonswa kwenkukhu okusha (ifosholo elilodwa ngebhakede lamanzi).
Inhlabathi ekutshaleni i-raspberry kufanele igcinwe esimweni sotshani esingajwayelekile nesikhonkolo. Ukuthukulula kwenziwa ngokushesha lapho inhlabathi yomisa kancane emva kokunisela okulandelayo. Ukujula kokucubungula akumele kungabi ngaphezu kwama-6-7 cm, ukuze ungathinti izimpande.
Ngaphambi kobusika, zonke amahlumela zonyaka odlule zinqunywa ezimpandeni
Ebusika, iTaganka idinga ukuvikeleka ngenxa yokuqina kwayo ebusika. Okokuqala, izihlahla ziyenziwa futhi zonke iziqu ezisikiwe ziyaqedwa. Ngokuthena okugcwele kwasekwindla, udinga ukumboza umugqa ngamunye nge-mulat pech. Uma amahlumela alo nyaka eshiyelwa ubusika, ahlanganiswe ndawonye, agobeke phansi emhlabathini futhi ambozwe ngotshani, amagatsha esihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emihleni noma ngezinto zokumboza ezingezona ezilukiwe.
Ukuvikelwa kwezinambuzane nezifo
I-Taganka ibonisa ukumelana okwanele kweziningi zezinambuzane nezifo ezivamile kuma-raspberry. Noma kunjalo, amabhungane okusajingijolo kufanele aqaphele izinambuzane, futhi amabala ansomi kufanele aqaphele izifo.
I-raspberry bhungane ilimala ngentshiseko cishe zonke izingxenye zesihlahla se-raspberry
Ibhungane le-raspberry yisidakamizwa "esijwayelekile", ngoba sidla ama-inflorescence, ama-buds, namaqabunga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli bhungane lifaka amaqanda ezimbali, kanti izibungu ezivelayo zidla amajikijolo, amancane futhi abolile. Amabhungane angadonswa phansi kusuka emasimini ekusakazeni i-polyethylene noma indwangu, bese ebhujiswa. Amakhemikhali asetshenziswa futhi: I-Fitoverm (eminyakeni eyishumi edlule kaMeyi), Confidor, Kinmiks, Spark.
Ividiyo: ungawacubungula kanjani ama-raspberries kusuka kwizinambuzane
Ukubuka amabala okungenasici, noma i-didimella, ngesinye sezifo eziyingozi kakhulu futhi esivamile rasipele. Imvamisa ukuqala kwesifo kubonwa ngoJuni ngesimo sezindawo ezimnyama nge-tint emsulwa emaqabungeni nasezimbali. Uma ungathathi zinyathelo, indawo yezindawo iyanda, amagxolo aqala ukuqhekeka futhi ahlukane. Ukunciphisa ukusabalala kwesifo, ukuqina kwe-landings akufanele kuvunyelwe. Amahlumela agulayo anqunywa ngengxenye yezicubu ezinempilo. Ukunisela kufanele kube ngokulinganayo. Ezindlela zamakhemikhali zokuvikela ziyasebenza:
- Ingxube yeBordeaux (okokuqala lapho ama-buds evuleka, bese kuphinda futhi kathathu);
- I-Cuproxate (50 ml ngebhakede lamanzi);
- I-Fundazole (20 g ngebhakede lamanzi).
Ukubuka amabala kuyisifo se-raspberry esivame kakhulu futhi esiyingozi.
I-anthracnosis yisifo esingajabulisi ngisho nangokwengeziwe, ngoba kunzima ukuselapha. Kubonakala ngesimo sezindawo ezinsundu emaqabungeni nemivimbo ngeziqu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, indawo yalo monakalo iyanda. Ingaphezulu lamabala liba nengcindezi kanye nemifantu, futhi ngomswakama owandayo, ukubola kuqala.
Ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, kuvela amabala ansundu emacembe
Ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukugcina ukuhlwanyelwa okusajingijolo kuhlanzekile futhi, uma kungenzeka, kude nezinye izilimo eziyimvuthuluka, kanye nokuncipha okufika ngesikhathi nokugqoka okuphezulu ngomanyolo we-potassium-phosphorus. Ezindlela zamakhemikhali zokuvimbela nokwelapha i-anthracnose, amalungiselelo aqukethe ithusi ayanconywa - i-sulfate yethusi, i-Oksikhom, i-Kuproksat.
Ungavuna kanjani futhi ugcine kanjani isivuno
I-fruiting ye-rasanka we-Taganka iqala engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Agasti futhi ihlala kuze kube maphakathi no-Okthoba (isimo sezulu sivuma). Baqoqa ama-raspberries ngesandla futhi ngokucophelela kakhulu - kulula kakhulu ukugoba. Amajikijolo avuthiwe weTaganka ahlukaniswe kalula kusiqu, ngakho ungazami ukuhlukanisa amajikijolo ngamandla. Izithelo eziqoqiwe zifakwe emabhokisini, emabhokisini amancane epulasitiki noma ezitsheni.
Kungcono ukubeka amajikijolo ezingxenyeni, uwabeke nge-raspberry, ama-hazelnut noma amaqabunga e-horseradish. Amaqabunga afanayo kufanele abekwe phansi kwesitsha.
Amajikijolo amasha angalala esiqandisini izinsuku ezingama-5-6, noma kunjalo, ungagcina ama-raspberries amasha unyaka wonke ngokukhulula amajikijolo ezitsheni zepulasitiki. ITaganka nayo ilungile ngokwenza ujamu, amawayini, ophaya bezithelo nezinye izinto zokudliwayo. Awungeke usebenzise amajikijolo kuphela, kodwa namahlamvu okusajingijolo - ayingxenye yetiye lamakhambi.
Okusajingijolo kusebenza njengendlela enhle kakhulu yokugcwalisa kanye nomhlobiso ophaya wezithelo
Ukubuyekezwa Kwabalimi
Sekuyiminyaka engu-5 manje, i-raspberry taganka ibilokhu ikhula futhi ithela izithelo. Izinhlobonhlobo zohlobo olujwayelekile lwe-fruiting, amajikijolo amakhulu wombala ojwayelekile we-raspberry. Izinhlobonhlobo ziqala kakhulu, kulo nyaka ngoJuni 10 amajikijolo asethengisiwe, amajikijolo amnandi kakhulu. Nginezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-15 zama-raspberries, kanti i-taganka ngombono wami yikho okumnandi kakhulu. Amahlumela esiteji sakhe esincane esingu-70-100cm. futhi hhayi obukhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke izithombo zalo eziseduze nezinhlobo zesimanje zibukeka zisesiteji futhi ziyenqena ukuzithenga. Kepha lapho eqala ukuthela izithelo, beza babonge. Kwakunjalo nami. Le nhlobonhlobo iyi-sooooo piggy kakhulu kepha ebusika kahle.
Nikolka, Odessa//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6334
Manje uTaganka, otshalwe entwasahlobo yalo nyaka, wanikeza amajikijolo wesibili kule sizini, awokuqala ayengamahlumela amadala. Kumane nje ukuthi ama-laterals aphuka ngaphansi komthwalo wamajikijolo, ngokusobala ngiwabopha angalungile. Kudingeka i-trellis, ngaphandle kwe-trellis ngeke kube khona ibhizinisi.
UVert, uSlavyansk-on-Kuban//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6334
Ngokwami, ngatshala iTaganka ekwindla ka-2011, izihlahla ezingama-50 ngemuva kokutshala (ekwindla), amahlumela aluhlaza avela ku-48, kodwa asinda entwasahlobo 23. Ekupheleni kukaJulayi, ukuvuthwa kwaqala, kwavunwa ngosuku lwamalitha ayi-1.51.5 kusuka maphakathi no-Septhemba, isivuno sehlile saba ngama-0,5 litre amajikijolo ukhethiwe izolo, kepha ukunambitheka kumuncu (isimo sezulu sithinta) konke ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala. Ngilithandile ibanga
potanatoliy//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6334
Ngikhula iTaganka endaweni engama-6 acres iminyaka eyi-10. Ngicabanga ukuthi uma amaJalimane noma amaDashi ebone ukukhuthazela kwakhe kusayithi lami, khona-ke kungaba yinombolo yokuqala elungisa izinhlobonhlobo zomhlaba) Ngithanda kakhulu ukunambitheka kwayo nokuhambisa futhi, futhi, impela, isivuno, impela, ebusika sinika cishe wonke amajikijolo ... ngezigaba ezimfushane !!! kuyamangaza ukuthi kungani lokhu akekho onezinhlobonhlobo ... kwesinye isikhathi ngiyamangala nje ... yonke into yasentshonalanga idonsela lapho idayimane lingaphansi kwezinyawo zakho ... okuwukuphela kwento ecasulayo ukukha amajikijolo ... Lapho indodana yami icela ama-raspberry ekwindla, ngizosika inqwaba yamagatsha futhi izophuma ... inqwaba yamajikijolo ayizithombo ezingashintshiwe (wayondla at kepha sonke isifunda sigcwala ulwandle)) siphenduka imidumba yezithelo zomile ... noma ngabe enye iwa ... kungenzeka yini ukuthi kube ngenxa yokushisa?)) futhi ukumelana nesomiso kuyisimanga ... ngaphandle kokunisela ngaphansi kwamamitha amabili, futhi naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ngimba konke, kukhula njengotshani futhi okhula akucaci ukuthi kungani)
ILissad (aka Vladimir Lugovoi), isifunda saseLugansk//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6334&page=2
I-Raspberry Taganka yizinhlobo ezikhiqizayo nezivikela izifo ezingatshalwa cishe kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu. Amajikijolo amakhulu amahle ayohlobisa ingadi netafula. Kuliqiniso, azigcinwa isikhathi eside. Kodwa lokhu kwehlulwa kuhlengwa yi-fruity sekwephuzile, ekuvumela ukuthi udle ama-raspberries amasha kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile.
