Phlox - isitshalo se-herbaceous, ummeli womndeni weSinukhovye (i-Polemoniaceae). Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-85, futhi cishe kusetshenziswa ama-40 engadini.
Isiqu sesitshalo singaba ngqo, sikhuphuke noma sinyakatho. Ukuphakama kwe-phlox kungaba yincane kakhulu (10-20 cm) noma kunalokho kunkulu (120-150 cm). Amaqabunga ahamba phambili, i-ovate, i-lanceolate.
Izimbali zalesi sitshalo zinomthelela oqinile nomswakama, eziqoqwe ezincane ze-inflorescences. Nge-inflorescence eyodwa ingaba nezimbali ezingaba ngu-90. Umbala uhluka kusuka kumhlophe kuya ophuzi, i-violet, i-crimson.
Lapho kungcono ukutshala i-phlox ensimini
Lapho ukhetha indawo ye-phlox ensimini, kubalulekile ukucabangela izimo zemvelo "abazalelwa kuzo." Izitshalo zitholakala ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele, ezindaweni ezinomswakama kakhulu, lapho ngokuvamile kungabi khona iqhwa, kanti izinga lokushisa elivamile ligcinwa ku-+ 4 ° C.
Ngokuvamile, i-phlox ingatholakala ehlathini, emaphethelweni emifula. Into eyinhloko okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi i-phloxs iyakuthanda kakhulu umswakama, ngakho-ke kungcono ukhethe izindawo ezinjalo lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba azokwazi ukufinyelela kahle izimpande.
I-Phlox yenza izindawo zombili zelanga kanye nomthunzi okhethekile. Kungcono ukukhetha izindawo ezivikelwe umthunzi wezihlahla nezihlahla ezide. Uma kukhona "omakhelwane" abaphakeme abakuzungeze i-phlox bazoqoqa iqhwa eliningi, futhi lesi sitshalo sizovikelwa kangcono ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa, futhi umswakama uzoba namandla kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Uma ubeka lesi sitshalo emthambekeni, ungagwema ukunqwabelana kwamanzi nokubola kwezimpande, kanye nokufeza umswakama omuhle wenhlabathi.
Ukuhlakulela i-phlox kungcono kakhulu eningizimu-ntshonalanga, empumalanga noma empumalanga-mpumalanga. Lesi sitshalo kufanele futhi sivikelwe emimoyeni ebandayo kanye nemidwebo.
Inhlanganisela ye-phlox embhedeni nezinye izitshalo
Muva nje, i-phlox ekuklanyeleni kwe-landscape iyakhula kakhulu. Zihle kakhulu, zangempela futhi azikwazi ukwehluleka ukunaka abalimi. Iphunga le-phlox lihle kakhulu. Zibukeka zihle kakhulu kokubili ezingeni elilodwa kanye neqembu, ikakhulu uma uhlwanyela ezinhlangeni ezilodwa izithombo eziningana zombala ohlukile.
I-Phlox ibonakala inhle kakhulu phakathi kokubili kwezihlahla ze-coniferous nezitshalo ezingavamile, isibonelo, ukushicilelwa kwencwadi. Ngenxa yezimbali zalo nobude obukhulu, ama-phloxes abukeka emuhle kakhulu ekutshalweni kwezitshalo zokuhlobisa.
Uyazi? Ama-phlox aphuzi akwenzeki ngokwemvelo, futhi imibala ebomvu neyolintshi inemibandela.Ama-Phlox of the color range usetshenziselwa ukwakha "indawo ekhanyayo" eluhlaza obuluhlaza - ukubukeka okunjalo kufana nokuhlaba umxhwele kakhulu, kodwa ukwakha ukulinganisa okulinganiselwe udinga ukuwasebenzisa ngokusebenzisa inqubo ye mixborder.
Uma udala izingoma nge-phloxes, kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi izitshalo zelanga zingase zibe nama-shades ahlukile: isibonelo, okwesibhakabhaka kungashintsha i-violet-purple. Emagumbini e-phlox ezinhlobonhlobo ezithile kunezihluthulelo kanye nemivimbo ehlukahlukene, okwenza isitshalo sikhangele.
Ukunakekelwa kwePhlox ensimini
Ukuzala i-phlox kudinga ukunamathela emithethweni ethile. Kufanele uhlale ukhumbule ukuthi isitshalo sidinga ukufaka umquba, ukusika izihlahla, nokuhambisana nemithetho yokunakekela inhlabathi ejikeleze imbali.
Ukunisela izitshalo
I-Phlox iyisitshalo esinomswakama kakhulu, futhi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba akwanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuba agcwalise ngokugcwele. Uma utshala imbali esondelene kakhulu nezinye izitshalo, ngeke kutholakale umswakama. Ngakho-ke, esimweni esinomile kakhulu lapho kungabikho khona imvula isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukuqhuba amanzi amaningi "ngaphansi kwehlathi."
Ukunisela kumele kube khona ukuthi amanzi angacishe angawa emaqabeni nezimbali zalesi sitshalo. Emamitha ayisishiyagalolunye uma uphuza ukuthi udinga ukusebenzisa ama-15 - 20 amalitha amanzi, kungcono ukuphuza kusihlwa.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-phlox ayikubekezeli ukuqhuma kwamanzi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukukhulula inhlabathi. Uma uqaphela ukuthi amaqabunga nezimbali azilahleki ukubonakala kwazo ngenxa yesomiso, ungafiphala lesi sitshalo.
Weeding futhi ukhululeke inhlabathi
Ukukhulula inhlabathi kungcono kakhulu emva kokunisela.ukuze amanzi angahlali futhi uhlelo lwempande "luphefumulelwe". Ukhula oluseduze nehlathi luyisisekelo sokuzalanisa izifo nezinambuzane.
Kubalulekile! Ukuqaphela okukhethekile kumele kuhokhwe ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhulayo, iziqu zazo ezincane kakhulu futhi zingabhula kalula, futhi ukhula oluzungezile lufaka isandla kulokhu.
Ukukhululeka kufanele kwenziwe kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi bese kuphelile ngaphambi kokuba isihlahla siqhubekele ekujuleni.
Ukutshala izimbali
Naphezu kokuthi ukukhula kwe-phlox kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu, udinga ukufaka umanyolo ngaphezulu.
Izigaba ezintathu zokuthuthukiswa kwembali:
- Isigaba 1 - osebenza kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni, ngalesi sikhathi kuyadingeka ukunikeza i-Phlox iningi le-nitrogen futhi ihambele imbali ngenkuthalo;
- Isigaba 2 - izimbali kanye nokuqhakaza, ngalesi sikhathi i-potassium ne-phosphorus engeziwe iyadingeka, futhi inani le-nitrogen kufanele lihliswe;
- Isigaba 3 - Inkathi enzima kunazo zonke, njengoba sekukhona imbewu manje, futhi isitshalo sithatha zonke izinhlobo zokugqoka, ukulungiselela umbhede.
Ukudla kokuqala kwe-phlox kwenziwa ngemuva nje kokuthi iqhwa licibilike. Ngokujwayelekile ngalesi sikhathi sebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi ngama-granules. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhululeka (ukungena okungcono kwamamanyolo) kanye nokuhlanganiswa (okwenziwe umthamo) kufanele kwenziwe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba izitshalo zomquba ziphele iminyaka engu-3-4.
Umanyolo wesibili usetshenziswe ekuqaleni kukaJulayi - ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi. Ungasebenzisa ukumnika kwamanzi amaningi (zilungiselele noma uthenge ngomumo okwenziwe) ngokufaka umlotha.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuzosebenza kangcono uma ufaka i-nitroammophos noma i-"Kemira Universal" kuyo (isilinganiso: isipuni sesigamu ibhakede lamanzi). Uma lezi zinto zingekho, zingashintshwa yi-yimuphi umanyolo obuncithakalo obunzima ozowusebenzisa ngokuya ngemiyalelo.
Izitshalo zondliwa okwesithathu ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo: izinhlobo zokuqala zondliwa phakathi kukaJune, futhi kamuva kufanele zikhule umquba ekupheleni kukaJuni. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukwandisa ukwakhiwa kwe-potassium ku-feed. Thuthukisa umphumela ngosizo lwesisombululo se-urea, okufaka isandla ngendlela ecacile.
Ngesikhathi esizayo umanyolo usetshenziswe ekuqaleni kukaJulayi. Ungasebenzisa umanyolo owodwa njengokudla kukaJuni, kodwa udinga ukungeza i-superphosphate encane (10 - 15 g).
Ukufaka umanyolo olandelayo kuyenziwa ngemuva kokutshala izimbali - okuyizinyosi eziyinkimbinkimbi kuzoba ngumsizi wakho omkhulu phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ungaphinde uchithe isitshalo ngesisombululo somlotha.
Kunezimiso eziningana ezizokwenza ukondla ngokuphumelelayo:
- Ukudla kuhle kakhulu kwenziwa kusihlwa;
- uma usebenzisa ukugqoka okomile - thembela esimweni sezulu futhi usebenzise ngaphambi kwemvula;
- Inani lomanyolo akufanele libe ngokweqile.
Ukudubula phlox
Abalimi abaningi batusa ukusika izihlahla phlox ekwindla, ngaphambi kokuba isidleke sithathe isikhathi sasebusika. Udinga ukuqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba isihlahla sesiqhakaze. Inyanga inikezwe le nqubo: kusukela ekupheleni kukaSepthemba kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba.
Ngalesi sikhathi ukuthi zonke izinto ezizuzisayo ezitshala isitshalo kulo lonke isikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo zibe yimpande. Ezindaweni ezahlukene le nkathi ingahlukahluka.
Uyazi? Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yisifunda, ukusika izihlahla kufanele kugcwaliswe ngaphambi kwama-frosts avamile.
Naphezu kwemibono yabalimi abaningi ukuthi ukusika kufanele kwenziwe ekwindla, abanye bathambekele ekucabangeni ukuthi izihlahla zesihlahla ziyakwazi ukuhlala. Ukunciphisa okunjalo kunconywa ukuthi kwenziwe kuphela kulezo zindawo lapho kuneqhwa elincane khona ebusika, ephikisana ngokuthi iziqu zizosiza isitshalo ebusika ukugcina iqhwa ngokwayo.
Ukudubula kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- kuya ezingeni eliphansi ukuze kutholakale izinambuzane ezikhona kanye nezifo ze-phlox;
- 10 cm ngaphezu komhlabathi weqhwa ukumboza lesi sitshalo.
Ukulungiselela Phlox Bushes for Winter
Ama-Phloxes, njenganoma yisiphi isikhathi esingapheli, avame ukulahla amahlumela abuthakathaka ebusika. Ukuze isitshalo sakho singalahlekelwa ukulahlekelwa okukhulu, kubalulekile ukulungiselela isihlahla ukulala ebusika ngezigaba eziningana:
- Ukufakelwa kwe-autumn ye-phlox eneziqu eziqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto ze-potassium phosphate.
- Ukudubula i-phlox, eyenziwa ngenhloso yokuvuselela izihlahla nokuvimbela izifo.
- I-autumn mulching ye-phlox. Le nqubo yenziwa ngokusebenzisa umquba wamahhashi (yenza amabhakede amathathu ngokushesha ngemva kokudla kokuwa). Emhlabathini we-mulch, ungafaka ukufakwa okungeziwe okuzobambezela iqhwa futhi kuvimbele inhlabathi ekuqandeni. Kule nqubo kungcono ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yemvelo kuphela.
Ukusakaza kwePhlox
Ukutshala i-phlox entwasahlobo emhlabathini kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningana. Phakathi kwazo kukhona izindlela zemifino nezenzalo.
Ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngezindlela zokukhiqiza, kufanele ukhumbule ngokufakelwa kwe-phlox. Ngokuvame kakhulu kukhona umbuzo emaqenjini: kufanele ukuthi i-phlox isetshenziswe kanjani kangaki? Ungakwazi ukuphindaphinda njengoba ubona kufanelekile, ukunamathela emithethweni ethile.
Lokhu kuhle kakhulu kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuya phakathi kuka-Septhemba. Yilapho isitshalo sinethuba lokuthatha izimpande. Izinqubo zokutshala nokufakelwa kabusha zifana kakhulu, futhi inhlabathi ye-phloxes ingasetshenziswa okufanayo.
Uhlukanisa isihlahla
Indlela ethandwa kakhulu yokuzalisa i-phlox - ukuhlukanisa amahlathi. Ngokujwayelekile baqhuba inqubo entwasahlobo (emva kwama-frosts abuyela emuva) noma ekwindla yokuqala ukuze izimpande ziqale kahle.
Kungenzeka ukwahlukanisa izihlahla ezinkulu kuphela. Isihlahla ozokwehlukanisa ngaso, kufanele uqambe ngokucophelela, uzame ukulimaza i-rhizome, gxuma intamo impande nesihlahla ngokwayo emhlabathini.
Izimpande kufanele zihlukaniswe ngokucophelela futhi zihlukaniswe komunye nomunye ukuze isigaba ngasinye sibe nezithombo zamahlumela, amaqabunga amancane nezimpande ezithile. Isihlahla esihlukanisiwe kumele sitshalwe ngokushesha ukuze izimpande zingabe zome. Uma ukutshala kudinga ukudluliswa, impande ingaswakanyiswa emshini wobumba.
Kubalulekile! Uma udinga ukuhlukanisa nokutshala isihlahla ehlobo, kufanele kwenziwe ngosuku olumnyama noma kusihlwa.Isihlahla esihlukanisiwe sizoqala kahle futhi sikhule, futhi ngonyaka ozayo kuzokwazi futhi ukusakaza, ukuhlukanisa.
Cuttings
Indlela yokusika ingcono kakhulu kubantu balimi beqalayo. Ukuxhunyelela ukhethe izitshalo ezindala ezinempilo.
I-cuttings inqunywe ngendlela yokuthi kukhona amafihlethi amabili (i-node) egatsheni elilodwa: ukusika okukodwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwefindo, enye - 2-3 cm ngaphezulu kwefindo. Sisusa amaqabunga ekusika: ama-down ayanqunywa ngokuphelele, kanti ngaphezulu-kuya kwesigamu. Ukusika kungatshalwa ngokushesha emhlabathini endaweni ehlala njalo, noma emabhokisini wezithombo.
Uma usebenzisa ibhokisi, kufanele ufafaze izinto ezitshalwe nge-Vermiculite (ungqimba omncane) phezulu, futhi uma izitshalo zikhula ngokushesha embhedeni, sebenzisa i-humus, bese kuthi i-Vermiculite (futhi i-peat izokwenza).
Amabhokisi abeka endaweni efudumele, futhi ahlasele imibhede. I-cuttings encane kufanele ivikelwe elangeni eliqondile futhi iphuze isikhathi 1 ezinsukwini ezintathu kumaviki amathathu. Umphumela ungabonakala emavikini angu-2-3.
Uma usebenzisa ibhokisi, emva kokuvela amahlumela okuqala, ama-cuttings afakwa embhede okhethekile wokukhula, futhi lapha angakhula kuze kufike entwasahlobo ezayo. Uma ngokushesha usebenzisa indawo evulekile, ungakwazi ukuhambisa umbhede ebusika ngama-humus, amaqabunga awile noma i-peat.
Uyazi? Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuphatha izihlahla ehlobo noma ekwindla, yingxenye kuphela engxenyeni engenhla yehlumela ingasetshenziswa njengento yokutshala.
Ukubeka
Ukukhiqizwa ngokubeka - enye yezinqubo ezilula ekuhlaleni i-phlox kusayithi lakho.
Imbali kufanele ichithe ngobuningi ngomhlaba kuya cishe isigamu ukuphakama kwesihlahla. Kulezi ziqu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izendlalelo ziqala ukuvela, ezikhula kahle. Uma uhlelo lwempande lwe-cuttings luzohlonywa ngokwanele, kanti izinsika zizokhula ngo-10-15 cm, kumele zikhululeke ngokucophelela enhlabathini bese zifika endaweni engapheli.
Imbewu
Uma unquma ukutshala imbewu, khumbula ukuthi ezinye izindawo zingase zilahleke. Imbewu yokuhlwanyela ibaluleke kakhulu ebusika: phakathi nenkathi yokubusika, ukuklanywa kwemvelo kuzokwenzeka.
Sula imbewu kusukela emabhokisini ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, kufanele kukhethwe imbewu ye-round shape, emnyama kunombala. Amahlumela okuqala avela ngo-Ephreli, adinga ukutshalwe kabusha kuphela uma ekhula ephakama lika 8-10 cm. Izithombo zitshalwe kude 12-15 cm komunye nomunye, ukuze ukuthuthukiswa kwenzeke ngenkuthalo.
Uma ulandela yonke imithetho nezincomo zokunakekelwa kwe-phlox, uzokwazi ukuhlobisa isayithi lakho ngale mibala emihle, ekhanyayo.
