Selaginella - okhulayo nokunakekelwa ekhaya, isithombe

Tshala Selaginella (Selaginella) ingqikithi mayelana nezinhlobo ezingama-300, Ezingama-25 zazo ezifuywe ezindaweni zokuhlala. Ungumnikazi womndeni Selaginellaceae (Selaginellaceae), imichilo. Eqinisweni, akusona isitshalo esinqumayo noma esimila fern, yize sikhona emhlabeni wethu isikhathi eside kunaleso nalezi zinhlobo.

Ikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo, ukuphakama nobubanzi ifinyelela ku-20-30 cm. Ikhula unyaka nonyaka. Ngokuya ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo zokunakekelwa, ingakhula ngaphezu kweminyaka eminingana (zisetshenziswa). Lesi sitshalo sikhanga ngotshani baso abangajwayelekile, kungokwokuhlobisa. Zonke izinhlobo zezilwane, kubandakanya lezo ezikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo, aziqhakaza.

	Ikhula ngokushesha.
	USelaginella akaqhakaza.
	Isitshalo kunzima kakhulu ukusikhulisa.
	Isitshalo se-perennial.

Izici eziwusizo ze-selaginella

Lesi sitshalo kudala sisetshenziswa emithini yaseChina naseNdiya. Inezici ze-antipyretic ne-analgesic, isiza ekwelapheni izifo zesibindi nepheshana lomchamo. Kunobufakazi bokuthi i-selaginella iyasebenza ekwelapheni ukungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini, ekwelapheni isifo sikaBotkin, nasekwelapheni imiphumela yelanga. Kufakwa amacembe amanzi ngamanzi ebunzini ukuze kunciphise ikhanda.

Ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo ziqukethe i-enzyme ye-p53. Le nto isiza ukulwa nomdlavuza.

Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya kweSelaginella: Isiqondisi Esisheshayo

Ukukhula kwe-selaginella ekhaya akunakwenzeka kuwo wonke umtshali. Lesi sitshalo singelutho ngokwanele futhi ukuze sikhule ngobuhle obunamaqabunga aluhlaza avulekile, kudingeka izinto eziningi, njengoku:

Ukushisa	Ehlobo - 20-23, ebusika okungenani u-12 ° C. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-18 ° C, ukukhula kwezitshalo kuncipha.
Umswakama womoya	Izidingo eziphezulu kakhulu zomswakama. Kunconywe okungenani ama-60%. Ukufafaza nsuku zonke njalo ngamahora angama-3-4 ngesikhathi sosuku.
Isibani	Ithanda isithunzi nomthunzi oyingxenye. Gwema kude nemisebe yelanga.
Ukunisela	Sebenzisa amanzi afudumele avikelwe avikelekile ukunisela. Ungavumeli ukomiswa kokhilimu wobumba. Kuyingozi ukugcina lesi sitshalo emanzini. Ukunisela kusuka epanini kuyanconywa.
Inhlabathi	Kudinga ukukhululeka, ukuphefumula, inhlabathi ene-acidic kanye namanzi akhona. Inketho enhle ingxube ye-peat, inhlabathi eshidi nesihlabathi ngokufakwa kwe-sphagnum namalahle.
Umanyolo nomanyolo	Ukondliwa kokuqala ngemuva kokufakelwa izinyanga eziyisithupha kamuva. Kunconywa futhi ukuthi lesi sitshalo sihlanjululwe ngomanyolo amahlandla ama-2 isikhathi 1 ezinyangeni ezi-2 unyaka wonke.
Ukufakelwa	Isitshalo sinohlelo lwezimpande olungashisi, ngakho-ke amabhodwe asetshenziswa amancane futhi hhayi aphezulu. Kudluliswa kuyaqabukela.
Ukuzala	Kuhlongozwa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Imicimbi ibanjwa entwasahlobo noma ehlobo. Ingasatshalaliswa ngemisiko ngobude okungenani ama-3 cm. Ukuhluma kumxube we-sand-peat, ukufafaza kancane emaphethelweni aphansi wokusika ngenhlabathi.
Izici Ezikhulayo	Isitshalo okunzima ngokwanele ukusikhulisa. Ayikubekezeleli okusalungiswa nenhlabathi eyomile. Ukuze ulondoloze ijamo eliyindilinga, ungalinciphisa.

Ukunakekela i-selaginella ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Uma uthanda i-selaginella, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kuzodinga ukubekezela kanye nokuqaliswa okuphoqelekile kwako konke ukuncoma kwabalimi abanolwazi. Efulethini, lesi sissy esishisayo siphila nobunzima. Kepha uma uzama, lesi sitshalo sizokubonga ngotshani obukhanyayo namahlumela angajwayelekile.

Ngakho-ke, yini enconywayo ukuze i-selaginella ekhaya iba ukuziqhenya kwakho iminyaka eminingi.

Ukufika kweSelaginella

Ngokutshala, udinga ukulungiselela imbiza efanelekile nengxube yenhlabathi. Kungcono ukulungiselela ukwakhiwa kweshidi lomhlaba, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat. Izakhi kumele zithathwe ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo. Khetha ibhodwe elincane, kepha libanzi ngokwanele, uhlelo lwempande yesitshalo lufushane. Isikhathi sokutshala esifanelekile yintwasahlobo, ukuphela kobusika.

Ngemuva kokutshala isithombo, ungakhohlwa ukuyikhipha kahle futhi uyiyise endaweni enomthunzi.

Izimbali

Isitshalo asiqhakaza ku-floriculture yasendlini, i-selaginella eyenziwe ekhaya isetshenziswa kuphela ngenxa ye-greenwork openery eluhlaza.

Imodi yokushisa

Ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okujwayelekile, lesi sitshalo sidinga ibanga lokushisa elingu-14-22 degrees. Kunezinhlobo ezithanda ukubanda, zona okushisa kuzo zonke zinakekelwa ngaphakathi kwama degree angu-9-14. Kungcono ukuvikela lesi sitshalo kokusalungiswa.

Qiniseka ukuthi inhlama yobumba ayibi ngaphandle. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amaqabunga aba mnyama futhi awele, isitshalo singafa.

Ukufafaza

Umswakama ophezulu uyadingeka selaginella unyaka wonke. Ukuze ulondoloze okungenani umswakama ongaphansi kwe-60%, kunconywa ukufafaza ngamanzi afudumele afudumele okungenani izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ngosuku. Ukuthambisa, amanzi abiliswa ngaphambili futhi anciphile izinsuku eziningana.

Indlela elandelayo izokusiza ekutholeni umoya ozungeze isitshalo kahle: ubeke imbiza nesitshalo kubumba olumanzi olwandisiwe. Isikhathi esifushane, ungashiya amanzi epanini, ungakhohlwa ukuwukhipha ukuze isitshalo singafi. Ukunikeza imbali ngomswakama owandayo, ungakhohlwa mayelana nomoya omncane wekamelo.

Isibani

Imbali izwa kahle ezindaweni ze-penumbra. Imisebe yelanga, ikakhulukazi eqondile, iyamlimaza. Kuhle ukubeka izimbiza zezimbali emafasiteleni asentshonalanga noma empumalanga yendlu. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kwelanga kuyingozi kulesi sitshalo.

Ukuze ingafi ebusika, kuyadingeka ukuhlela ukukhanyiswa okufakwayo.

Ukunisela

Isitshalo sithanda umswakama, sidinga ukuthambisa okuningi unyaka wonke. Emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-19, nisela imbali kancane, uqiniseke ukuthi inhlabathi ihlala imanzi. Ungavumeli ukuthi ome.

Ukunisela, sebenzisa amanzi okushisa egumbi, ngemuva kokuthi ubilise futhi usumise izinsuku eziningana.

Selaginella ebhodweni

Lapho uthenga imbiza nge-selaginella, khumbula ukuthi nayo indawo enkulu izoba ingozi kuyo. Njengoba uhlelo lwezimbali lufushane, futhi izimpande zikhula ikakhulukazi ezinhlangothini, khona-ke khetha izimbiza ezincane ezibanzi.

Kuyabonakala ukuthi imbali ye-selaginella ekhaya ikhula kangcono ezimbizeni eziyindilinga.

Inhlabathi yeSelaginella

Umdabu wezindawo ezishisayo ukhetha inhlabathi enomswakama obanzi neseyikhululekile, mhlawumbe nendawo engathathi hlangothi noma enama-acid kancane. Ingxube eqediwe ingathengwa esitolo esikhethekile, ikhethe inhlabathi ezikhwameni ezisobala, ukuthola ngokunembile ukwakheka kwayo. Ekhaya, ingxube idinga ukuthululwa ngamanzi abilayo we-disinitness.

Kungenzeka ukulungiselela inhlabathi ngokwakho. Izothatha inhlabathi eshidi, isihlabathi esihlanjiwe, i-fibrous peat. Konke kuthathwa ngezingxenye ezilinganayo. Kungcono ukubekezelela umhlaba futhi uhlobe amahora amaningi ngaphambi kwalokhu kufriji. Ungangeza i-sphagnum encane namalahle ku-substrate.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwalesi sitshalo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuye ekwindla sekwephuzile, imbali idinga ukugqokwa okuthuthukisiwe - kuze kube ka-3-4 ngenyanga. Ebusika, kungcono ukungaphuzi isitshalo ngokweqile, sinciphise okuphakelayo isikhathi esingu-1 ezinyangeni ezi-2.

Kunconywa ukusebenzisa le njongo ukugqoka okungaphezulu kokuhlobisa nezitshalo ezinqenayo noma Umanyolo wama-orchid. Umanyolo ufakwa emanzini ngesilinganiso sengxenye eyodwa yomanyolo ezingxenyeni ezi-3 zamanzi. Ebusika, izingxenye ezi-4 zithathwa ngengxenye eyodwa yomanyolo.

Ukufakelwa kukaSelaginella

Isitshalo sitshalwa kanye njalo eminyakeni embalwa. Kungcono ukubamba umcimbi onjalo entwasahlobo noma ngasebusika. Imbiza lapho imbali inyathelwa khona kumele ibe yincane.

Ukuze ugweme ukufinyeza umswakama, ungqimba lobumba olwandisiwe luthululelwa ezansi kwembiza. Bese ugcwalisa inhlabathi, ubeke isitshalo enkabeni, usabalalise izimpande bese usicindezela kancane emhlabathini. Ukugcwalisa ngomxube wenhlabathi, ngaphandle kokujulisa iphuzu lokukhula. Kuhle ukuthulula amanzi afudumele futhi uwahlanze endaweni eseduze kwawo.

Izihlahla

Izihlahla kwenziwa minyaka yonke entwasahlobo. Uma kunesidingo, kaningi uma kunamaqabunga omisiwe neziqu. Uma ufisa, lesi sitshalo singanikezwa into eyindilinga noma enye into. Kulezi zimo, izihlahla nazo ziyenziwa. Isitshalo siyasikwa futhi sithole impahla yokwanda kokusakazeka kwalo.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

E-selaginella, isikhathi sokulala siqala ezinyangeni zobusika, yize kungekho zimpawu ezisobala zalokhu. Ngokuntuleka komswakama noma imbali elangeni eliqondile, lesi sitshalo siyaphoqelelwa ukuba sehlise ukukhula kwaso.

Ukusakazwa kweSelaginella

Ukusakazeka kwesitshalo kuvame ukwenziwa ngezindlela zemifino. Ukuze ukhule idayaphragm kusuka kuma-spores, kuzodinga umzamo omkhulu, kepha noma kunjalo, bambalwa abantu abaphumelelayo.

Ukusakazeka kwe-selaginella ngokusika

Ukusakazwa ngokusikwa, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela amahlumela ama-3-5 cm ubude. Kungcono ukukhetha lezo okubonakala kuzo iziqu zezimpande kumagatsha. Ukuhluma kwenziwa ngengxube ye-sand-peat, kubekwa ukusikwa phezu komhlaba ukuze kungathintanani. Amaphethelo aphansi ezimpande afafazwa ngengqimba encane yomhlaba. Umhlaba uyanyiswa ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ukusakazeka kwe-selaginella ngokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla

Ukuthola izitshalo ezintsha, ungazisabalalisa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Ukufakelwa kunconywa entwasahlobo noma ehlobo. Izitshalo zidluliselwa ku-peat ingxube nge-sand and sheet enhlabathi. Izithombo ezintsha zimbozwa kuqala nge-foil. Kuyadingeka ukugcina umswakama ophezulu emabhodweni.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Emapunni, izinkinga ezilandelayo zivame ukubonwa:

Iziqongo zamahlumela zomile - umoya udotshwa ngokweqile; umswakama ngokuvamile uyadingeka;
USelaginella uyabuna futhi womile - inhlabathi yomile kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukubuyekeza umbuso wokunisela;
Selaginella amahlumela aphuzi aphuzi - isitshalo kungenzeka sithole isilinganiso esikhulu kakhulu somanyolo;
Ama-Selaginella amahlumela ajika abe nsundu futhi omile -ondliwe ngomanyolo;
Amaphethelo amaqabunga - isitshalo sithole ukushiswa yilanga, udinga ukusidlulisela endaweni enomthunzi;
USelaginella akakhuli - ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba, izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu;
USelaginella ushiya mnyama futhi afe - mhlawumbe isitshalo sishisa kakhulu;
Ukukhula kancane - kukhombisa ukuthi imbali ayitholi izakhamzimba ezanele noma izinga lokushisa lekamelo liphansi;
Iziqu zeluliwe - ukuntuleka kokukhanya;
Amaqabunga eSelaginella athambile futhi ayabulala - mhlawumbe izimpande zesitshalo azitholi isilinganiso esifanele se-oxygen, isitshalo sidinga ukufakelwa.

ISelaginella cishe ayithinteki yizilokazane. Kwesinye isikhathi kuthintwe yisibungu sesicabucabu.

Izinhlobo ze-selaginella eyenziwe ekhaya ngezithombe namagama

USelaginella ongenamlenze

Leli fulegi laziwa nangokuthi i-selaginella apoda. Amafomu amasodikhodi afanana ne-moss. Lolu hlobo lwezilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo lukhula lube ngamasentimitha angama-20. Lukhula eCanada. Isici esiyingqayizivele siziqu ezimfishane ezinamahlumela asicaba. Amaqabunga amibalabala ngombala, mncane. Esisekelweni, ukwakheka kwamaqabunga kumise okwenhliziyo, ngamamaki. Ikhule njengesiko elikhulayo.

Selaginella Krauss (Krause)

Isici esinezinhlamvu ezinwabuzelayo. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lesi sitshalo yiNingizimu Afrika. Embalini yalolu hlobo, amaqabunga aqhakaza-aphuzi noma abe mhlophe ngetint enemibala. Ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungama-2 cm kuphela. Ngenxa yamaqabunga amancane ifana nefonti.

Selaginella Martens

ISelaginella Martens ikhula e-USA. Ngaphandle, siyisihlahla esineziqu eziqondile. Ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungamasentimitha angama-30. Umbala wamaqabunga uluhlaza kakhulu; kukhona okwahlukahluka ngamathiphu wesiliva. Yakha izimpande zasemoyeni, ezifinyelela emhlabathini njengoba zikhula futhi zizimila. Ukwakheka kweqabunga kufana nefern.

Selaginella scaly

Eyaziwa ngokuthi iJeriko rose noma i-lepidophyllus selaginella. Indawo evamile yokuhlala ugwadule lwase-USA naseNingizimu Melika. Ezitolo zezimbali, kuvame ukuthengiswa ngesimo esomile, esifana nebhola lotshani obomile. Ukuvuselela lesi simangaliso kuzosiza ukutshala kungxube efanele inhlabathi kanye ne-hydration ngokulinganisela. Yakha amahlumela acishe abe ngu-5 cm, afane nezimpaphe ezivulekile ezinamasikali amancane. Engxenyeni engenhla yephepha kukhona "ulimi" lokuqoqa umswakama.

Selaginella Swiss

Ikhula ezindaweni ezinamadwala zaseYurophu, eCaucasus naseMpumalanga Ekude. Bakha amagatsha amaningi anamaqabunga aluhlaza okhanyayo. Amahlamvu amancane mncane, ahlukaniswe phakathi kwesiqu, anemiphetho eqoshiwe. Isiko elithanda umthunzi futhi elinomdlandla.

Ekuphetheni

Yize i-selaginella iyisitshalo esihle kunayo yonke, isaphendula kahle ekunakekelweni okunakekelayo futhi iba ngumhlobiso wangempela wezangaphakathi. Ukulandela izincomo zabalimi abanolwazi, "ungayidambisa" le Tropicana exotic, futhi uzosithanda isitshalo esingajwayelekile unyaka wonke.