Inkukhu yizinkukhu ezithandwayo kakhulu eziye zazaliswa umuntu iminyaka eyizinkulungwane. Kungase kubonakale ukuthi siyamazi konke okuphathelene naye, futhi akukho lutho olungasimangaza ngalo nenyoni. Kodwa lesi sitatimende asisebenzisi kuhlobo lwe-Grunleger, olungathwali amaqanda alula, kodwa anemibala.
Incazelo yokuzalwa
Izwe elizala i-Grunleger yi-Austria. Ezweni elifanayo eliphakeme, lesi siphambano sasivame kakhulu. Ngemva kokubukeka kwayo emibonisweni ehlukahlukene yezinyoni nezolimo, lo mhlanga waqala ukujabulela ukuphumelela okuthile eYurophu, futhi kuphela owavela ezimakethe zaseRussia.
Uyazi? ERussia ukukhiqiza i-Grunleger kubizwa "I-Easter inkukhu" ngenxa yemibala ehlukahlukene yamaqanda.I-Grunleger ibhekisela ekuzalweni kwezinkukhu kwezinkukhu. Ngokuyinhloko, lesi sithwathwa sithathwa ngokuwela ama-roosters ohlobo lwe-Araucan nezinhlobo zendawo. Esizukulwaneni sokuqala, ukubeka izinkukhu kunika amaqanda omunye wembala: okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza, obomvana, obomvu. Izizukulwane ezilandelayo zihlukaniswa ngombala, futhi zingeza amaqanda azo zonke izici ezidweliswe.
Izici zangaphandle
Uhlobo alukona nje izinga eliyingqayizivele lokuletha amaqanda anambala, kodwa futhi linemibala enhle kakhulu yemibala ehlukahlukene kanye nezinhlanganisela. Esinye isici esiyisici siyisici esingavamile esizungezile ikhanda lezinyoni kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.
Abameli abakhulu bezinkokhelo zeqanda yizinhlobo ezinjalo zezinkukhu: Leggorn, Iza Brown, uLoman Brown, High-Line, Russian White, Ushanka wase-Ukraine, Orlovskaya, Pavlovskaya, Minorka.
Abesifazane
Izimpawu zezici zezinkukhu:
- usayizi womzimba - ophakathi;
- isisindo - 1.8-2.5 kg;
- ukukhiqizwa kweqanda - ama-pcs angu-300. ngonyaka.
Zihlukaniswa ngombala ohlukahlukene ovela eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya kumnyama enhlanganisweni ehluke ngokuphelele. Izinkukhu zikhona ezinezintshe ezivelele. Ama-paws wezinkukhu aphakathi, angenawo amaphuphu.
Inhloko encane entanyeni encane igqoke isiqu esincane. Umbala wamehlo uncike kumbala wenyoni.
Amadoda
Izakhiwo zinezilinganiso zesilinganiso somzimba, isisindo kusuka ku-1.8 kuya ku-2.8 kg. Abanalo ukucaca okwehlukile kwezinsikazi zezinyosi nezintshevu, kodwa banomkhuhlane omkhulu kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Grunleghery, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zamaqanda amaqanda, zidinga inani elikhulu le-calcium - isakhiwo esiyinhloko se-eggshell. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi izinhlanzi, ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo yobisi, i-chaki kanye nama-eggshell zidingekile kakhulu ekudleni kwezinyoni ikakhulukazi emigqeni.
Izinzuzo nokuziqhenya kohlobo
Phakathi kwezinzuzo zezici zalokhu kuzalwa kwezinkukhu kukhona:
- liyinyoni enhle efanelwe ukuzalanisa ukuhlobisa;
- ukuba khona kwamaqanda angavamile;
- ukusebenza okuphezulu (njengezinkukhu zama-egg-breed);
- Izinyoni zihlaziye ngokuphelele ekunakekeleni nasekuncelweni.
Ukuze uthole umgomo omkhulu, kufanelekile ukuphawula nokunye okushiwo:
- ukuzala kuthwala kakhulu;
- izendlalelo azikho isisindo somama.
Ukukhulelwa kanye nokuqala kokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda
Beka amaqanda ezinkukhu aqale cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Naphezu kokuthi i-breed ayifani nokuvuthwa kokuqala, I-Quicksaw iveza kakhulu - amaqanda angu-290-320 ngonyaka, enesisindo esingama-60 g ngamunye. 
Ukusebenza kwesibeletho
Inkukhu ekhulile ingakhiqiza amaqanda angu-280 kuya ku-320 ngonyaka. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, lolu hlobo lugxile ekukhiqizeni amaqanda, ukuze inani elikhulu lezinyoni ezivela e-Austrian likwazi ukulinda. I-carcass yenkukhu, emva kokusika nokukhipha i-viscera, iyokala ngesilinganiso cishe ngo-2 kg. Isisindo samadoda singama-200-300 amagremu ngaphezulu.
Thola ukuthi yiziphi amavithamini ezidingekayo zokubeka izinkukhu ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kweqanda.
Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa
Uhlobo alukho izidingo ezithile zokuqukethwe. Abakwa-Grunleglers abathandi ukubandayo, abakwazi ukubekezelela ukubandayo futhi bangagula uma izinga lokushisa lokushisa liwela ngezansi + 12 ... -15 degrees. Lokhu kumele kukhunjulwe futhi kuqala kucatshangelwe uma uthenga izinkukhu zokuzalanisa. Zonke izinyoni azikho izidingo ezikhethekile.
Uyazi? E-araukan (inzalo yesimanjerünlegger i-pigment biliverdin yayisemzimbeni, ngenxa yokuthi amaqanda endle ayithole umbala okwesibhakabhaka. Le mfanelo izuzwe i-Grunlegger isiphambano, amaqanda ayo ayenesisindo sombala obala.
Imishini yokuhlala
Ukubekezelelana okuncane okubandayo cishe mhlawumbe kunesidingo esikhulu kunazo zonke ezizweni. Uma unquma ukuqala ukuzalisa ama-Austrian, okokuqala kuthungele izindonga kanye nesiteji sekhanda lezinkukhu. Dala izimo ezilula zokubusika: ukuthenga amadivayisi wokushisa okwengeziwe kanye nezibani ezikhethekile zokwandisa ukukhanya kwelanga, ukuqeda yonke imidwebo. 
Ukukhanyisa endlini ye hen Ukuqoqa ama-perches, ngesilinganiso esingu-20 cm umuntu ngamunye ngenyoni ngayinye. Ibanga eliphakathi kwe-perches eliseduze kufanele libe okungenani u-35 cm, ibanga ukuya odongeni - 50 cm.
Zijwayele ngezici zokugcina izinkukhu ebusika.
Ukudla
Imithetho embalwa okufanele iholele ukulungiswa kokudla kulezi zinyoni ezingavamile:
- Kunconywa ukondla le nyoni kabili ngosuku (ekuseni nakusihlwa) ngenkathi efudumele (izinkukhu zithola izakhi eziningi ngesikhathi sokuhamba), futhi kathathu ngosuku, lapho isikhathi sokuhamba sinciphile.
- Kudingeka ukupheka ukudla okunomsoco nsuku zonke, njengoba izinyoni zayo zithatha okungcono kunazo zonke. Ama mixers anjalo ayenziwe ngamabele, ahlambise ubisi, imifino kanye ne-decoctions, nge-vitamin and mineral supplements (ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhelwe ama-calcium supplements).
- Ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, kusetshenziselwa ukudla okuhlanganisiwe okuphezulu kwamaphrotheni.
- Ngenkathi ebandayo, kufanele ukwandise ukudla okungu-1/10 wejwayelekile ehlobo.
- I-cottage ushizi, i-yogurt, ugoki, ama-eggshell oqoshiwe kanye namafutha wezinhlanzi zizokwenza ngokugcwele ukudla futhi kube nomthelela omuhle ohlelweni lwe-immune.
- Ungakhohlwa ukushintshwa kwamanzi nsuku zonke (hlamba izimbiza kahle, kodwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali e-detergents).
Ukushisa nezimo zokukhanya
Umbuso wokushisa udlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kokuqukethwe esiphambanweni. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ama-Austrian ayingozi kakhulu kubanda. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ebusika kuyadingeka ukuba ushintshe njalo udoti ukuze luhlale lumile. Umcamelo we-peat ufanelwe ukulala ngamagogo.
Njengoba wazi, inkukhu ihamba kuphela ekukhanyeni (kokubili kwemvelo nokufakelwa). Ngakho-ke, uma ulindele ukukhiqizwa okuhle emahlathini akho, ubanikeze ubude bosuku olwanele - amahora ayi-13.5-15.5.
Kubalulekile! Umbala wamaqanda aseGrünlegger awuthintekile umbala wenkukhu, njengoba kucatshangwa ngaphambili, kodwa ngezinye izici eziningi: ukudla, isimo sezempilo, inkathi yonyaka, kanye neminyaka.
I-egg Incubation
Ezikoleni zaseGrunlegerov ezibelethwayo zibuthakathaka kakhulu. Ngisho noma inkukhu izohlala phansi ukuze iqede amaqanda, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuqedela umsebenzi. Ngakho kusemqoka kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-incubator ukuze uthole izinkukhu.
Ukwakhiwa kwezinkukhu zalolu hlobo kuyinketto ethakazelisayo kakhulu futhi ejabulisayo. Iqiniso liwukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuqagela ukuthi umbala amantombazane azozalwa nini futhi amaqanda alo mbala azokwenziwa nini esikhathini esizayo.
Funda ukuthi ungakhuphula kanjani amaphuphu nge-incubator.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ekhaya, izivuno zesizukulwane sesibili zivame ukulahlekelwa yizimfanelo zabo ezizuze njengefa. Isizathu salokhu yizici zokukhetha nokuzalwa kofuzo. 
Ukuze i-breed ingabi yinkimbinkimbi, abalimi bezinkukhu beza nesisombululo esilula - besebenzisa i-robster Araban yangasese ngemisebenzi kayise.
Imithetho ejwayelekile yokukhethwa kwezinto zokufakelwa kokufakelwa, ukufakwa kwayo kwisitokisi, izinyathelo zokufakelwa ukufana zifana nalokho kwezinye izinhlobo.
Ukunakekela abasha
Ngemuva kokuba amaphuphu aphule (ngosuku lwama-22), ngokuthuthukiswa kwawo nokukhula okujwayelekile kufanele ulandele izincomo ezilula:
- Lapho izinkukhu zomile, kufanele zifakelwe ebhokisini elifanele, futhi zidluliselwe ekamelweni elifudumele ngaphambi kokushisa kwama-35 ° C.
- Kuze kube izinkukhu zifinyelele ezinsukwini eziyishumi ubudala, zondliwa ngenhlanganisela yemifino, ummbila ochotshoziwe namaqanda.
- Imikhiqizo yobisi ephucuziwe, imvubelo, imifino ebilisiwe, ama-vitamin nama-mineral supplement namafutha enhlanzi zisetshenziselwa ukugqoka. Kusukela ku-1 inyanga, amaprotheyini amaningi, amaphulo, namaqanda amaqanda asetshenziselwa ukudla kahle.
- Kuze izinkukhu zifinyelele ezinsukwini ezingu-15, ziphuziswa ngamanzi ashisayo afudumele kanye nesiraphu ye-glucose ngokufaka u-vitamin C.
- Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kubalulekile ukugcina izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ekamelweni, ukuhlanzeka nokuma endaweni lapho izinkukhu zigcinwa khona. Kancane kancane, izinga lokushisa lomoya linciphile (ngo-3 ° C ngeviki).
Ukunakekelwa kwezinyoni ezindala
I-Grunlegery ayithandi ukuvalelwa. Ukukhiqizwa kweqanda evamile, ukubeka izinkukhu kufanele kunikezwe okungenani ukuhamba okufushane, ngisho nasebusika, uma isimo sezulu sivumela.
Ukunakekelwa kufanele kuhokhwe kuleso sici senyoni, njengokuthi kungenzeka ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda ukuyeka kwamaqanda-ekwindla. Ukuziphatha okunjalo kubonisa ukuqala kwesikhathi sokulumba. Isikhathi saso sivame amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwangu-8.
Lesi sikhathi empilweni yezinyoni kubaluleke kakhulu, kuncike esimweni jikelele kanye nempilo yenkukhu. Inyoni ishintsha ikhava yayo, ilungiselela ubusika obusika, idinga usizo kulokhu. Inkukhu ngesikhathi esifanele idinga ukudla okukhethiwe kahle. Ungasebenzisa ukudla okhethekile kwezinyoni phakathi nenkathi ye-molting. Uma ujwayele ukupheka ukudla ngokwakho, kufanele kusetshenziswe wonke amavithamini namaminerali okuzuzisa izinkukhu. 
Uma le nyoni ifinyelela eminyakeni emithathu ubudala, ukukhiqizwa kweqanda kwehla kakhulu futhi isikhathi sokukhiqiza siphelile. Amaqanda wokubeka azokhululwa, kodwa ngobuningi obukhulu.
Izifo nendlela yokubhekana nazo
Ngesikhathi sokubeletha ukusebenza ekuzaliseni ukwenziwa kohlobo, izifo eziningi nezifo ezithintekayo zahlulwa. Ukugonywa ngokuqinisekile kuvikela le nyoni ezifweni ezimbalwa ezikhona.
Hlola izifo ezivame kakhulu zezikhukhu.
Isici esiyingozi, esimweni sokumelana nezifo, ukungondleki okungenamsoco noma ukudla okunomsoco nokubandayo, okuyinto engavumi ukubekezelela ama-Austrian.
Kumele futhi ulandele izindinganiso ezaziwayo kanye nezimfuneko zokuhlanzeka ezizo zonke izinhlobo zezinkukhu. Uma ukudla nokunakekelwa kusezingeni elidingekayo, izinyoni aziyesabi lesi sifo.
Izinzuzo zalolu hlobo lokuhlobisa zikhulu kakhulu kunezimayini. Uma ufuna ukuba nezinhlobo zokukhukhulwa kwezinkukhu epulazini lakho langempela, elihle futhi elingenakuzithoba, ngaphandle kokuphatha amaqanda angavamile ngamanani amaningi, khona-ke ama Grünlegers azokuvumelanisa kahle.
