Emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, kubantu, akukho into engavamile eqinisweni yokuthi inkukhu ibhekwa njengomthombo kuphela wenyama namaqanda. Kodwa-ke, kukhona izinkukhu ezibelelwa hhayi kuphela ukudla, kodwa futhi ukuhlobisa amadidi abo.
Enye yalezi zitshalo kanye nenkukhu yokuhlobisa okuthiwa i-sultanka, izici zokuzalanisa esikuchazayo kulesi sihloko.
Isizinda semlando
Kukholelwa ukuthi iSultan, noma uSeral-Taook, yalethwa eMbusweni waseTurkey, futhi injongo yayo eyinhloko kwakuwukuhlobisa izivande zeSultanate. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi abathile babonisa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwaluwumphumela wokuzalana, futhi ukhokho wabo yizinkukhu zasekhaya zasePavlovsky.
Ekuqaleni kuka-1854, inkukhu yanikelwa eNgilandi, ngemva kwalokho yasatshalaliswa emazweni amaningi aseYurophu. Amanothi okuqala ngalolu hlobo atholakala emuva ngo-1600, bese ngo-1835 atholakala emibhalweni yeLinnaeus noFoith.
Uyazi? Emfanekisweni oqoshiwe ovela embukisweni ka-1881, ama-paws we-sultan ophuzi, kanti izinkukhu zanamuhla zalolu hlobo lunama-blue.
Izimpawu nezici
Ngenxa yokubukeka kwabo okunethezeka, abalimi ikakhulukazi bakhula lokhu inyoni ehlobisa. Izinkukhu zinomuntu ozolile kakhulu, okusiza kakhulu ekunakekeni kwazo, ngoba ngisho nangesikhathi semiboniso ephezulu, abantu bahlala bekhululekile futhi bezolile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi le nyoni isheshe isetshenziswe kumnikazi wayo, emva kwalokho cishe iseduze ngaso sonke isikhathi. 
Ukubukeka
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezinkukhu ze-sultan, kubukeka njengenyoni encane ngokuphelele, engabonakala yiyo izici ezilandelayo:
- umbala - inyoni inezimpaphe ezimhlophe kuphela, kanti i-rooster ingase ibe nephunga elincane eliphuzi emzimbeni. Umehluko omkhulu, ozosiza ukuwuqaphela phakathi kwezinye izinkukhu, ukutholakala kwe-tuft, umthombo kanye nesilevu encane;
- isifuba - iqhude yalolu hlobo lune-ribcage ebanzi futhi enamandla kakhulu, isiqu sayo sincishisiwe futhi sikhulu, iminyango yayo iphakanyisiwe futhi inemifantu emangalisayo. I-hen ye-Sultanka ikhiqiza iningi kakhulu kune-rooster, amabele ayo ayancipha kakhulu;
- imilenze - lolu hlobo lwezinkukhu lunemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuphela emlenzeni, kuyilapho kuningi lokubutha emilenzeni. I-Sultanok kumele ibe neminwe emihlanu ngezinyawo zayo;
- ikhanda "AmaSultan anenhloko encane kakhulu futhi emfushane ne-tuft enkulu elinezinkukhu ezincane kunama-roosters". Inyosi yezinyoni isifushane, enejubane elincane, ukuvuleka kwesikhumba kuso kuncane kakhulu kunezinkukhu ezijwayelekile. I-crest ekhanda lezinyoni lifana nezimpondo ezigobile; kukhona intshebe encane enemibala, ngemuva kwayo i-lobes encane namacici;
- intamo izinkukhu zifinyeze futhi zibuyiselwe emuva, kunomncane omncane;
- umsila inyoni inomhlaba okhulu futhi okhululekile, etholakala ngokuphakama komzimba;
- amaphiko ukuzalwa kunesikhathi eside, ngesikhathi esifanayo bacindezelwa ngokumelene nomzimba wenkukhu futhi banciphise kancane.
Isici nokuphila nezinye izinyoni
Sultanka unayo umlingisi ozolile futhi nobungane, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, inkukhu iyaziwa ngamandla ayo amakhulu kanye nezinga lomsebenzi. Abanikazi bezinkukhu ezinjalo bayelulekwa ukuba bavimbele ukufinyelela kwezinyoni ezindaweni zabo eziluhlaza. Banobungane kakhulu futhi abahlezi ukulwa phakathi kwezihlobo zabo noma ezinye izinyoni endlini ye hen. Ama-Zoologists, ukuze asindise ukungena kwalezi zinhlobo, batusa ukuba zihlukaniswe nezinye izinhlobo.
Hlola ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlobisa izinkukhu: Usilika waseShayina, i-Oryol, iPaduan, i-Gudan, i-milfleur, i-appenzeller, ibantamka, i-sybright, yabo.
Izinkomba zesisindo
Njengoba abantu abadala be-sultan benesayizi encane nomsebenzi omkhulu, akufanele silindele isisindo esikhulu kubo. Ngakho-ke, isisindo somkhuhlane omdala walesi sifo sifinyelela ku-2 kg, kuyilapho iqhude liyi-2.7 kg.
Ukukhulelwa kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ngonyaka
I-Sultan, njengazo zonke ezinye izinyoni ezifuywayo, inomkhuhlane ophuthumayo kakhulu futhi ifinyelela eminyakeni yobudala Izinyanga ezingu-5.
Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi inkukhu iningi ibhidlika njengendlela yokuhlobisa, akufanele ulindele amanani aphezulu uma ubeka amaqanda kuwo.
Ngokwesilinganiso, umuntu omdala we-Sultan uletha umnikazi wayo Amaqanda angu-80-100 ngonyaka. Izinyoni ziphethe amaqanda amancane amhlophe.
Uyazi? Izinkomba ezinkulu kakhulu zokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ezinkambiso ze-sultan eminyakeni emibili yokuqala yokuphila kwazo, emva kwalokho ziqala ukwehla kancane kancane.
I-instinct evumayo
Naphezu kokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda amancane, ama-sultana ayaziwa njengezinkukhu, ezinawo umkhuba omuhle kakhulu wokuqeda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinyoni zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuzalanisa iziphambano, ngakho ngeke udinga i-incubator yokuzalanisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banamaphesenti aphezulu okuzala kanye nokuphepha kweqanda, okuyi-90%.
Ngakho-ke, ukuzala kwalolu hlobo akuyona inkinga; kuwukuthi kunzima kuphela ukuvela lapho uthenga amaqanda e-sultanka. Iqiniso liwukuthi izitshalo ezivamile azivami ukukhula lezi zinkukhu, futhi uma uthenga inthanethi kunethuba elikhulu lokuthola inkohliso. Ngakho-ke, khetha abahlinzeki abathembekile kuphela, ubuyekeze ngokucophelela ngaphambi kwazo zonke izibuyekezo ngabo. 
Ukudla
Abalimi abanamapulazi abo epulazini, kuyadingeka ukuba baqaphe ngokucophelela ukudla kwabo. Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile zokudla kwalezi zinyoni, ngaphezu kwalokho, zidla kancane kunezinkukhu ezijwayelekile, kodwa kufanele zihluke kakhulu futhi zilinganise. Ukudla kwenkukhu kanye nenkukhu endala ye-chicken sultanki kuhluke kakhulu, ngakho-ke sizogxila ekusondiseni isizukulwane ngasinye ngemininingwane eyengeziwe.
Izinkukhu
Izitshalo ze-sultanka zinamandla kakhulu futhi ziqinile; ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zezindlu zabo nokudla, ukufa kwabo akudluli ku-10%.
Ukudla kwabo kanje:
- Ngosuku lokuqala emva kokuvela kwenkukhu, amaqanda abilisiwe kufanele abe ukudla kwawo.
- Ngosuku lwesibili, kuvunyelwe ukwengeza amanye ama-semolina noma ama-corn grits.
- Ngosuku lwesithathu, imikhiqizo yobisi omuncu kufanele ifakwe ekudleni kwezinsana, okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu kulawa amafutha aphansi ama-cottage shizi noma ubisi omuncu.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, izazi zezilwane zincoma kusukela ngosuku lokuqala ukuphuza ikhambi le-sultanok glucose yezingane, ezingathengwa kunoma iyiphi ikhemisi. Ukudla okunjalo okuyisisekelo evikini lokuqala kuzosiza ekuthuthukiseni izinga lokusinda kwenkukhu futhi kuthuthukise kakhulu impilo yayo.
- Ngemuva kweviki lokuqala, kunconywa ukuthi wengeze okungenani ama-50% amafutha ekudleni kwawo kwansuku zonke, futhi ngokuphumelela kwenyanga eyodwa sekuvele kungenzeka ukufaka imifino.
- Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-sultan ingadliwa kakade ngokudla okulungiselelwe, ngoba ukukhula okujwayelekile nokutholakala okusheshayo kokukhulelwa kudinga i-calcium namaprotheni amaningi.
Ngaphambi kokuba inkukhu ifinyelele ezinsukwini eziyishumi ubudala, kufanele idliwe njalo ngemva kwamahora amabili, emva kwalokho kuzodingeka unikezwe ukudla njalo amahora angu-2.5 amasonto ambalwa, futhi emva kokufinyelela enyangeni eyodwa-inyanga-izikhathi ezingu-5 ngosuku. Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokuzalwa, izinkukhu kufanele zihlale zimanzi ahlanzekile ngokufaka i-potassium permanganate ye-disinfectant.
Funda ukuthi ungondla kanjani izinkukhu kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila.
Abantu abadala
Naphezu kwezinga eliphakeme lokuhamba nokuhlolisisa kohlobo, labo Ukudla akufani neze nezinkukhu ezivamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, badla kancane kancane. Kodwa-ke, sisakhuthaza ukuthatha indlela enesibopho ekudleni kwabo, ngoba ngisho nokudla okuncane kumele kuqukathe wonke amavithamini namaminerali okudingekayo okukhona okukhona kwanoma iyiphi into ephilayo. 
Imithetho yokudla izinyoni ezindala yilezi:
- Ukudla kwe-Sultanok, njenganoma yikuphi ezinye izinkukhu, kufanele kube nokuhlukahluka, kodwa okungenani ama-55% wokudla kufanele awele ngokusanhlamvu okomile kwezinhlobo ezahlukene.
- Udinga ukondla inyoni izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku, futhi ngokushesha usondla inkukhu ekuseni, ngokushesha uzoqala ukubeka amaqanda.
- Uma ulungiselela imishini emanzi, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ehlobo ziba ziphuthumayo ngokushesha futhi ziqede ebusika, ngakho-ke ama-sultana adinga ukudla okunjalo abangakudla ngehora lehora.
- Imifino, imifino nemifino yezimpande kuzosiza ukubuyisela ukungabi namavithamini ezinkukhu. Siphakamisa futhi ukwandisa inombolo yabo ekudleni kwezinyoni ebusika.
- Ukuthola izakhi emzimbeni wohlobo olunikeziwe, kubalulekile ukuzinikeza ngezinye izikhathi ukushayela, igobolondo elichotshoziwe noma ukudla okudoba.
- Amanzi amasha kanye nereyri eliyigugu kufanele abe khona njalo endlini yenkukhu.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukondla i-sultan ngemifino, ungayidli ngobuningi bayo, ngoba ngokulinganiselwa okukhulu kubangela ukukhuluphala kulesi sizwe.
Izici Zokuqukethwe
Naphezu kokuthi i-solar turkey yindawo yokuzalwa yalezi zinkukhu, i-sultanks ishintshwe ngokuphawulekayo esimweni sethu sezulu esingaguquguquki emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka. Nokho, uma uzigcina, abalimi basakhuthazwa ukuba balandele amathiphu alula. 
In inkukhu coop nge ukuhamba
Okokuqala, ake sibheke izincomo ezincane zokunakekela izinkukhu sultanka. Izimo eziyinhloko zokulondoloza izinkukhu ezizalwa ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila kwazo zomile, ukufudumala nokuhlanzeka. Izinsuku eziyishumi zokuqala emva kokuzalwa, kufanele ugcine i-sultanok ekushiseni kusuka ku-+28 kuya ku-30 ° C, ngemva kwalokho usuku nosuku izinga lokushisa kufanele linciphwe ngezinga elilodwa uze ufinyelele ku-+21 ° C.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokwenza i-brooder yezinkukhu, kanye nezinkukhu zezinkukhu ezindala: indlela yokuhlomisa, ukwenza umoya, ukukhanyisa, izidleke, i-paddock.
Kubantu abadala, kunconywa ukuthi ube nendlu enkulu yenkukhu, futhi kufanele ibe yomile, ifudumele, futhi akumele kube khona ama-drafts. Ngaphakathi kwenkomo yenkukhu yezinyoni, udinga ukwakha i-perch ephansi lapho bazokwazi khona ukuhlala ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kumitha eyodwa yendawo enjalo kuphela ama-sultans angama-3-4 angahlala.
Abalimi abaningi abanolwazi bancoma ukuthi bagcwalise phansi inkukhu yenkukhu ne-rubble, futhi phezulu ukuze benze udoti wamaqabunga omile kanye ne-peat, okumele kubuyekezwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze izinkukhu zingabizi izinhlanzi zazo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlomisa abahlinzeki nabasebenzisa izinyoni ngezinsimbi, okufanele zilungiswe ngokuphepha.
Kubalulekile! Ngenxa yempuphu yayo yokunethezeka, enekhono lokumanzi futhi elomile isikhathi eside kakhulu, leli khosi alinconywa ukuba likhishwe emgwaqweni sezulu.
Ebusika, sineluleka ukuba ushise igumbi lapho kune-sultanka khona. Futhi, ungahlale ugcina izinkukhu elangeni, ngoba imisebe yayo ilimaza izimpaphe zawo. 
Kungenzeka yini ukuzala ezinqoleni
Ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo owandayo, izinkukhu ezibuzwayo azikwazi ukuhlala emakamelweni. Kodwa uma usadingeka uzigcine zivaliwe, sicela wazi ukuthi i-sultanok udinga indawo evulekile yokuboshwa, kanye nokuhamba okuqhubekayo.
Izifo ezivamile
Nakuba lolu hlobo lwezinkukhu luqinile, kodwa, njenganoma yisiphi esinye isidalwa esiphilayo, sinomkhuba wezifo ezivimbela kangcono ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunalokho bese uchitha isikhathi nemali ukwelashwa. Ake sibheke okuvame kakhulu izifo sultanok:
- ngenxa yemifucumfucu yayo, lesi sizwe sinomthelela wokuphefumula ngama-parasites, ukuvimbela ukuthi kuyadingeka yini ukuqhuba njalo ukuhlanza nokucwilisa izinyathelo ezindaweni zokuhlala kwazo;
Funda futhi mayelana nezimpawu kanye nokulwa nezinambuzane zezinkukhu: imikhaza, ama-peroed, izinyosi, ama-fleas.
- Esinye isifo esibonakalayo kulezi zinkukhu ngenxa yezingubo ezinamandla isifo sefuba kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo ze-arthritis. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa kakhulu ukugcina lezi zinyoni ekamelweni elomile nelomfudumalo;
- Isigameko sokugcina sezifo ezivame kakhulu kulokhu kuzalwa yi-vitamin. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngisho nenkukhu idla ukudla okuncane, kodwa ukudla kwayo kufanele kuqukathe wonke amavithamini adingekayo.
Izinzuzo nokuqeda
Kuya pluses kufanele ifake:
- ukubukeka okuhle nokungajwayelekile, kanye nobunikazi obunobungane;
- okulula kokuqukethwe nokulima;
- okuhlwabusayo futhi ecebile enyama namaqanda;
- i-instalct eyakha kahle, eyenza sikwazi ukukhulela izinkukhu ezithengiswayo.
Okuyinhloko amaminithi lapho ukhula le nyoni kukhona:
- ukukhiqizwa kweqanda elincane;
- ukutholakala okuphezulu ukutheleleka ngama-parasites ngenxa yamapulangwe amaningi.
Ividiyo: izinkukhu zizala i-sultanka
Ukubuyekezwa kwezinkukhu zezilwane ezinkukhuleni
Ngakho-ke, i-sultan iyindlela enhle kubalimi abafuna ukuthola inhle futhi ebaluleke kakhulu - inkukhu elula yokugcina.
