Izinhlobo zezilwane zezimboni zigula kaningi - iziqu eziningi nezilwane eziningi ziholela ekubeni izifo ezihlukahlukene zisakaze ngokushesha phakathi kwabantu bonke. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, izilwane zidinga ukugoma ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukwenza lokhu, umlimi ngamunye wezinkomo kufanele akwazi ukusebenzisa isirinji, azi kahle ukuthi ungayithatha kanjani nokuthi ungayithatha kanjani.
Ukuphika ukujola amakhola namathole
Kuzokwelapha zezilwane zanamuhla, kunezindlela eziningana zokuphatha izidakamizwa ngomjovo - ngezansi, nge-intramuscularly, intravenously kanye nasally.
Uyazi? Isibonelo sokuqala se-syringe sakhiwe eminyakeni ecishe ibe ngu-2500 eyedlule udokotela odumile waseGreek uHippocrates. Le divayisi yayiyi-tube engavamile, ekupheleni kwayo eyabekwa i-reservoir ye-fluid, eyenziwe ngesigqabhe sehagu.Esikhathini ngasinye, kubalulekile ukukhetha izindawo ezithile emzimbeni wesilwane:
- Imithi ijojelwa ngaphansi kwezilwane ezikhulile ngaphezu kwenhlama ye-jugular, phakathi kweyesithathu kwentamo, esifundeni sokucindezeleka noma ngemuva kwesigcawu. Amakhansela angaphansi kwegazi ajojowe phakathi kweyesithathu entanyeni noma engxenyeni engaphakathi yethanga.
- Izijovo ze-intramuscular kuya kwezinkomo zenziwa emisipha emikhulu - le ndawo kufanele ibe ngangokunokwenzeka kude nemifudlana emikhulu, ama-nerve nerve complex and tendons. Izindawo ezifanele kakhulu zilezi: ingxenye yamahlombe we-pectoral muscle, i-triceps umsizi wehlombe, ingxenyeni engenhla yentamo, nomsila we-gluteus phakathi kokuqala komsila kanye ne-femur (pelvis).
- Izijovo ezingenakulinganiswa zezinkomo zenziwa emthanjeni we-jugular. Okufanele kakhulu kule ndawo kubhekwa njengomngcele phakathi kwesithathu naphezulu phakathi kwentamo.
- Indlela yomzimba ihilela ukujova izidakamizwa ngqo emgodini wezintambo.
Indlela yokwenza ukudubula kwenkomo
Naphezu kokubonakala okulula kwenkambiso, kunzima ukujoba inkomo. Lokhu akudingi kuphela ikhono elithile, kodwa futhi nesandla esiqinile, kanye nokunemba - kuphela kuleli cala uzokwazi ukungena ngesilwane ngokuphepha wena nesilwane.
I-Intramuscularly
Inqubo yejojo ye-intramuscular:
- Lungisa umzimba wenkomo. Ngenxa yalokhu, akusizi ngalutho ngosizo lwemishini ekhethekile yokuvimbela. Uma engekho, inkoma iboshelwe kwisiteji noma ezinye izisekelo - umzimba wesilwane unamathele ngokuqinile ngezimpondo, isifuba ne-hip iyingxenye ngosizo lwe-lasso-uhlobo loop jikelele.
- Hlela indawo yokujola. Ngezijovo ze-intramuscular, esifundeni sezintamo yiyona ethandekayo kakhulu, ngoba kulokhu kungenzeka ukuthi ugweme ngokuphelele ukubhujiswa kwezicubu zomzimba eziphazamisa ikhwalithi yenyama.
- Lungisa i-syringe uphinde uthayiphe inani elidingekayo lomuthi.
- Zizwa ohlangothini olubi kakhulu lwe-muscle futhi luhlose kuyo - lokhu kuzosiza ekuvimbeleni ukwethulwa kwesidakamizwa ngaphandle kwendawo edingekayo.
- Hamba isilwane izikhathi eziningana ngesibhakela endaweni yomjovo bese ufaka kahle inaliti emzimbeni.
- Ngemuva kokuthi isilwane siyancipha futhi ukuphazamiseka kobuhlungu kudlula, vela isidakamizwa bese ususa i-syringe.
Kubalulekile! Uma wenza le nqubo, gwema ukuthola inaliti ngaphandle kwemisipha. Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo emithanjeni yegazi, okungaba yingozi kulesilwane.
- Ukuhlambalaza indawo yomjovo - lokhu kuzosiza ukukhulula ubuhlungu obuvela enkambisweni.
- Khipha isilwane ngenkululeko.
I-Intravenous
Izigaba eziyinhloko zokujova okufakelwa ngaphakathi:
- Lungisa umzimba wenkomo, njengokwesimo sangaphambilini.
- Hlela indawo yomjovo - ngoba lokhu udinga ukuguguqula kunoma yimuphi umzimba we-vein jugular emzimbeni. Umjovo we-vein ngokwawo akufanele wenziwe, ngoba kuvunyelwe kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezibandayo.
- Lungisa i-syringe uphinde uthayiphe inani elidingekayo lomuthi.
- Ngezinyathelo ezilula futhi ezibushelelezi, faka inaliti emkhunjini engeni lika-45 °, bese ufaka kancane kancane isidakamizwa emzimbeni. Ukusheshisa ngokusungulwa kwesidakamizwa akufanelekile, ngoba ukungenisa ngokweqile kwamanzi kagesi kungabangela ukusabela okungalungile komzimba.
- Donsela i-syringe emveni bese ukhulula isilwane ngenkululeko.
a - ukuphoqa isikebhe ngomunwe; b - ukuphoqa umkhumbi nge-harnessNgaphansi
Izenzo zemijovo engaphansi:
- Lungisa umzimba wenkomo.
- Hlela indawo yomjovo - okulungele kakhulu ukujova okuncane ngaphansi kwezindawo ezingaphansi kwehlombe noma ekuhleni.
- Lungisa i-syringe uphinde uthayiphe inani elidingekayo lomuthi.
- Qhubekela emjoqweni - ngoba lokhu udinga ukusifaka isikhumba kancane ngesandla esisodwa bese uthatha isirinji ngesibini.
- Faka inaliti yesirinji esikhumbeni, 1-2 cm ngaphansi kwephuzu lokuxhumana. Umjovo kufanele wenziwe ngokushelela, ukuze ugweme ukugoba ngesikhumba.
- Susa inaliti emzimbeni, bese usula indawo yokujoza ngokuhambisa imizimba ukuze uvimbele uketshezi ekubalekeni.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukujova izidakamizwa emzimbeni wesilwane, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho moya wamahhala esibelethweni, ngaphandle kwalokho inkomo ingahlakulela umoya wokubumbana.
- Khipha isilwane ngenkululeko.
I-Nasal (inject ekhaleni)
Izinyathelo eziyinhloko zokufakelwa kwama-nasal:
- Lungisa umzimba wenkomo.
- Lungisa ikhanda lakhe ngokuqinile nge-leash ukuze inkomo ingakwazi ukuyihambisa.
- Lungisa i-syringe ekhethekile nge-tip plastic bese uthayipha inani elidingekayo lomuthi.
- Faka ithiphu kwenye yezinyosi bese ujoba ngokujulile umuthi.
- Phuma ipulasitiki bese uphinda inqubo nge-nostril elandelayo.
- Ukukhulula isilwane bese uyikhulula inkululeko.
Sikukwazisa ukuba ufunde ngalokho okudinga izidakamizwa ekwelapheni izinkomo.
Amathiphu awusizo
Ngokuvamile, abalimi bakwazi ukujoba kahle inkomo, ngisho nokuntula kolwazi olukhethekile namakhono. Kodwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe umphumela wenqubo futhi ugweme imiphumela emibi emzimbeni wesilwane, Udinga ukunamathela kulezi zincomo ezivela kubahlengikazi abanolwazi:
- Uma inkomo ingasebenzi, kubalulekile ukuhlinzekela ukulungiswa okuqinile kwekhanda layo - lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa ukulimala okungenzeka, kokubili imfuyo kanye nabasebenzi;
- izilwane kufanele zinikezwe noma yimiphi imithi kuphela emva kokubonisana nodokotela wezilwane onolwazi;
- umjovo kufanele wenziwe ngokuthula nangokuthula, lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka okujwayelekile kwenqubo;
- ngesikhathi umjovo udinga ukuthula, njengoba umsindo owandayo ungabangela ubuhlungu besilwane;
- zonke izidakamizwa kufanele zigcinwe ngokuhambisana neziphakamiso zomkhiqizi, ngaphandle kwalokho ukusebenza kwazo kuzoncishiswa izikhathi eziningana;
- ama-syringes nezinaliti ukusebenzisa izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa kuvinjelwe;
- ukuze kusetshenziswe izinqubo, kuphela izilinganiso ezisebenzayo, eziphelele neziyinyumba, kanye nezinye izesekeli zezokwelapha, okufanele zisetshenziswe;
- sebenzisa izilinganiso ngokuhambisana nomthamo wesidakamizwa - encane umthamo, okungenani udinga ukukhetha isirringe;
- izidakamizwa eziphelelwe yisikhathi azivunyelwe ngokuphelele imfuyo;
Uyazi? Izilinganiso zokuqala ezilahlwayo zakhiwe e-United States ngo-1954 yi nkampani iBecton, uDickinson neNkampani, kodwa ukusatshalaliswa kwabo okukhulu kwaqala kuphela phakathi nawo-1980.
- ukuvimbela izidakamizwa ezahlukene nge-syringe efanayo akuvunyelwe;
- ukujova kufanele kwenziwe ngaphandle kwepeni, kungenjalo endaweni evinjiwe isilwane esithukuthele singakulimaza;
- Amalungiselelo okuphatha ngokubambisana kufanele ahlale esheshiswa ukushisa komzimba wesilwane - lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa ukwelashwa okwethusa umzimba wakhe;
- Qaphela njalo izilwane - lokhu kuzokusiza ukugwema ukulimala, kanye nezimo ezingalindelekile.
Amakhono okungahlosiwe angenye yamakhono abalulekile wonke umlimi okufanele abe nawo. Banikeza ithuba lokuqapha ngokuzimela isimo sempilo yezilwane, kanye nokulwa ngokuphumelelayo nezifo.Funda amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana nezinkomo.
Ngokuvamile inqubo yomjovo ayinzima, kodwa kubalulekile ukunamathela eminye imithetho. Kuphela kulokhu, umjovo uzophepheka futhi uphumelele ngempela.
