Isitshalo semifino

Indlela yokutshala nokukhula ikhukhamba "umlimi waseChina"

Abanini bezitshalo baqaphela ngokucophelela ama-ukhukhamba okuthiwa amaShayina, okuyi-subspecies ehlukene yekhukhamba ejwayelekile. Lezi zitshalo ezimangalisayo ezinezimfanelo eziningi ezinhle. Kusukela esihlokweni ozofunda ngenye yezinhlobonhlobo, okuthiwa "i-Chinese Farmer F1", mayelana nezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo, kanye nezinselele nezinhlayiya zokulima.

Incazelo ehlukahlukene

Amakhukhamba ama-hybrid "abalimi baseShayina" yakhelwe ukukhulela emaphandleni avulekile noma amancane amafilimu, njengesivunguvungu izinyosi. Ihlukana nezihlahla ezinamandla, ezikhuphuka nezindebe, ezakhiwe kwesinye isiqu. Ukuphakama kungafinyelela ku-3 m, ngakho-ke, njengamthetho, bahlanganiswe ku-trellis.

Hlola izinhlobonhlobo zezinkukhamba ezingavamile kakhulu nezingavamile.

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinenzuzo eminingi, ehlanganisa:

  1. Ukuvuthwa kokuqala.
  2. Ukuvunwa okuphezulu.
  3. Ikhwalithi elungile nokukhwabanisa.
  4. Ukuphikiswa kwezinguquko ezimweni zesimo sezulu.
  5. Ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane.
  6. I-universality yokusetshenziswa kwezithelo.
  7. Ukunambitheka okuhle kanye nezakhiwo ezizuzisayo zesithelo.

I-hybrid nayo inezinselelo zayo, okungukuthi:

  • isilinganiso sembewu yokuhluma (kuze kube ngu-60%);
  • Izihlahla ezinamandla zidinga i-garter nokubunjwa.
Amakhukhamba aseShayina aphethe izici zawo ezihlukile:
  1. Izithelo ziyi-cylindrical shape futhi zifinyelela ubude obungama-45 cm.
  2. I-Zelentsy ingafakwa ekheniwe, futhi akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze "Chinese" ezikwazi ukuziqhayisa.
  3. Izithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo ziwusizo, zidla futhi zibe nezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu ze-gastronomic.
Kubalulekile! Ukumaka I-F1 emigqumeni ye imbewu yekhukhamba isho ukuthi iyingxenye yezinhlamvu.

Izithelo nezivuno

Ukuhlukahluka kubhekisela enkathini ephakathi, imifino ingavunwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-45-55 emva kokutshala. Uma imithetho ye-agrotechnology igcinwa, kufika ku-30 ​​kg wekhukhamba iqoqwe kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa.

Izithelo ziyisikhathi eside, i-cylindrical, iluhlaza okombala okombala, i-peel inomzimba omncane, uvunguza, i-tuberculate. Inyama iyisiphumo esiphundu, ukuthungwa kwe-elastic and taste sweet sweet. Isisindo semifino eyodwa eluhlaza singafinyelela ku-300 g.

Siyancoma ukuthi sijwayelane nezinto ezikhethekile zokukhuphula ezinye izinhlobo zika ukhukhamba zamaShayina: "IsiShayina isimelana nesifo", "Isimangaliso saseShayina", "Ukugeleza kwe-Emerald".

Ukukhethwa kwezithombo

Abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukuthenga izithombo okungenani izinsuku ezingu-30 ubudala. Kuleli qophelo esitshalweni esincane kufanele kube okungenani amaqabunga ama-2-3 athuthukile weqiniso, futhi ukuphakama kwe-stem kufanele kube ngaphakathi kwe-50 cm, kanti ubude begceke le-cluster ye-perimeter kufanele kube okungenani u-5 mm.

Umhlabathi nomanyolo

Inhlabathi yokutshala ukhukhamba yalezi ezihlukahlukene kufanele kube yize ikhululekile futhi iqukethe inani elikhulu le-humus. Izinga le-asidi liphakathi.

Funda indlela yokunquma izinga le-acidity yenhlabathi ekhaya.

Kungcono ukuqala ukulungiselela isayithi kusukela ekwindla - lokhu kuzomele uhlanganise i-sawdust, inhlabathi ye-turf kanye ne-humus ku-2: 2: 4 bese ufaka ama-200 g we-wood ash kanye no-15 g we-superphosphate kuwo wonke ama-10 kg wenhlabathi.

Kubalulekile! Ukhukhamba awunconywa ukuba utshalwe obumbeni kanye nenhlabathi emanzi.
Izandulela phambili ze-hybrid yilezi:

  • utamatisi,
  • uphizi
  • amazambane okuqala
  • ummbila.
Kodwa emva kwethanga, i-zucchini ne-squash akufanele itshalwe.

Izimo ezikhulayo

Iplanti yamakhukhamba kumele ilanga futhi ifakwe umoya omuhle. Ukuthungwa okulula kuphela kuvunyelwe, kepha ngcono imibhede ikhanya, ukuvunwa kuyoba ngaphezulu.

Inhlabathi idinga ukucwiliswa kahle, njengoba umswakama omile ungabangela izifo nokubonakala kwezinambuzane.

Ukukhula kusuka imbewu kuya izithombo ekhaya

Njengamanye amakhukhamba, abalimi baseChina bangakhula ukuze bathele izithombo - lokhu kuzokwenza ngokushesha ukuvuthwa kwesivuno. Le nqubo ayifani nhlobo nokujwayelekile kwensimu ngayinye.

Ukulungiselela imbewu

Imbewu kufanele ibe ne-disinfected - ngenxa yalokhu, imbewu igcinwe kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate imizuzu engu-15-20, igeze ngamanzi futhi isomisiwe kahle. Ngemuva kokumiswa, kuyasiza ekufakeni imbewu nge "Trichodermine" - i-fungicide yemvelo.

Okuqukethwe nezindawo

Imbewu yezithombo ezihlwanyelwe ezimbizeni ezincane ezihlukene zika 10-12 cm ububanzi kanye no 12-14 cm ukuphakama.

Ngokuba ukukhushulwa kwamakhukhamba kulezi ezihlukahlukene kubaluleke kakhulu lokushisa. Ngokushesha ngemva kokutshala, izitshalo zidinga ukunikeza izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (kufika ku-32 ° C) ukuze kuphuthumise ukuvela kwamahlumela. Ngemuva kokuthi amahlumela okuqala enza indlela yawo, ayiswa endaweni enelanga, ngokwesibonelo, e-window sill, futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya ligcinwa phakathi kuka-20-22 ° C.

Izivuno eziphezulu zingatholakala ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo: "Bouquet", "Wonke umuntu unomhawu", "isimangaliso saseChina", "ubukhulu be-Puff", "Phoenix 640", "i-Paratunka", "isigodlo saseSiberia", "Amur f1", "isiJalimane" .

Inqubo yokutshala imbewu

Embizeni ngayinye egcwala umhlabathi onomsoco, kuyadingeka ukujula imbewu emibili ngo-1-1.5 cm. Khona-ke lezi zitsha zihlanganiswa nefilimu futhi zifakwa egumbini elifudumele kakhulu, ngokushisa kwama-30 ° C kuya ku-32 ° C.

Uyazi? Uthando lukaCleopatra lwamakhukhamba ngezinye izikhathi luhambisana nobuhle bakhe obuhle. Yiqiniso, akunakwenzeka ukusho lokhu ngamaphesenti angu-100, kodwa ukuphikisana ukuthi abesifazane baseSlavic bayadla iningi lemifino futhi badume ngobuhle babo.

Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo

Izithombo zidinga ukuphuza okungajwayelekile okujwayelekile, ukupompa okuvamile nokuningi. Ukushisa ekamelweni lapho kukhule khona kufanele kube ku-20-24 ° C.

Ayikho inqubo ekhethekile yokuqina ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile.

Ukutshala izithombo phansi

Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwe emibhedeni uma izinga lokushisa lomoya langaphandle liphakathi kuka-18-20 ° C. Ngezimboni ngalesi sikhathi kufanele kube namaqabunga amabili weqiniso, futhi ukuphakama kwesitshalo kufanele kube ngu-50 cm.

Izitshalo zitshalwe ngokuvumelana ne-scheme 20x25, zihamba ngokufudumele zivela ebhodweni ziya emibhedeni kanye ne-clock earthy. Ngaphambi kwalokho, utshani, i-pine bark noma i-sawdust kufanele ifakwe emabhokisini okutshala, lokhu kuzohlinzeka nge-aeration edingekayo yenhlabathi. Izithombo eziphezulu zifafazwe ngomhlabathi futhi zibeke umquba ovela ku-sawdust nosizi.

Ama-Agrotechnics akhula imbewu evulekile

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngqo emibhedeni kubhekwa kungaphumelelanga kancane; kungenziwa kakade ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Umehluko okuwukuphela kwendlela yokutshala ukuthi izitshalo ezinjalo ziqala ukuthela izithelo kancane kancane.

Izimo zangaphandle

Umhlabathi wokutshala kufanele ukhanyiswe, uvikeleke emoyeni nasezingxenyeni. Imibhede kufanele ifakwe lapho kungekho khona amanzi angaphansi komhlaba.

Inketho enkulu - imbewu yokuhlwanyela ezindaweni zokuhlala zefilimu zesikhashana. Kungenziwa ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, kanti lapho izitshalo ziqina futhi isimo sezulu sizinzile futhi sifudumele, vula ifilimu.

Inqubo yokutshala imbewu emhlabathini

Ngakho-ke, ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaMeyi kuyadingeka ukwakha imibhede, okufanele itholakale kude no-30-35 cm komunye nomunye. Isikhathi esinjalo siyadingeka ukuze kamuva kube lula ukubopha iziqu ezininde phezu kwe-trellis.

I-VIDEO: IZIMBE ZEMIBUZO YABANTU ABAKHULU EPHAKATHI Imbewu igxila emanzini 4 cm ejulile ibanga eliphakathi kuka-15-20 cm. Futhi emva kwamaqabunga amabili eqiniso avela ezitshalweni ezincane, kufanele aqiniswe ngendlela yokuthi ibanga eliphakathi kwehlathi liyi-30-35 cm.

Ukunisela

Izitshalo kumele ziphuze izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto futhi ngokukhethekileyo zifuthwe ngamanzi avela ebhodleleni le-spray njalo ngolunye usuku. Amanzi okunisela kanye nokuphalaza kufanele ngokuqinisekile afudumele elangeni. Esimo sezulu sezulu, izinqubo zamanzi zikhanseliwe. Uma ihlobo lishisa kakhulu futhi limile, akukhuthazwa ukwandisa ubukhulu bokunisela, nje ukuchelela izitshalo kaningi, isibonelo, ekuseni nakusihlwa.

Umhlaba ukhulula futhi ukhula

Ngemuva kokunisela kokubili nangemva kwemvula, inhlabathi ejikeleze ukhukhamba kufanele ikhululiwe ukuze i-oksijini ingaqhubekela esimisweni sezimpande. Futhi, ungabi nakakhulu ukuthungatha umhlaba ngokuzungezile, okuzokwenza kube ngcono ukugcina umswakama esimweni esomile. Inqubo eyimpoqo ikhula njalo emibhede yensimu.

Masking

Sikukwazisa ukuthi uthole ukuthi nini futhi kungani ukwenza i-cucumber pasyncracy.

Isihlahla sidinga ukwakha uma sifinyelela ku-50 cm ukuphakama. Ukuze wenze lokhu, susa izinqubo eziphansi ezinhlanu ze-lateral. Ungayinaki le nqubo, ngoba pasynkovanie esifike ngesikhathi inikeza ekubunjweni kwezimbali zesifazane phezu kwesitshalo.

Ibhande le-Garter

Ngenxa yokuthi ikhukhamba elihlabayo lalezi zinhlobonhlobo lide, kumele liboshwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isivuno, ikhwalithi kanye nokubukeka kwesithelo kuzoncipha. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukufaka i-trellis ngokuphakama kwemitha engu-2 futhi ngokucophelela ukubopha isiqu kuso ngemva kokufinyelela ukuphakama kwama-50 cm.

Uyazi? Amakhukhamba amasha futhi aqoshiwe asiza ukulwa nesibhamu ngesikhathi semikhankaso emide kaChristopher Columbus, okuyizinga elithile elinomthelela ekutholakaleni kweMelika.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Abalimi bamaCucumber baseShayina basabela ekunakekelweni, ngakho-ke bahlala njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-14. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-organic njengomanyolo:

  • izinkukhu zezinkukhu
  • umquba obolile kanye nomquba
  • izinkuni zokhuni,
  • i-anyanisi ikhasi.
Futhi izithako ezinamaminerali eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye ne-urea.

Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela

Zonke izinhlobo ze "Chinese" ziphikisana kakhulu nezifo nezinambuzane. Kodwa imikhuba engafanele yokulima noma isimo sezulu esibi singakabangela izinkinga, ngakho-ke izitshalo kumele zihlolwe njalo ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo.

Ukugula okungenzeka kakhulu kubandakanya lokhu okulandelayo:

  1. Idonsa likaMealy - Ibonakala ngezindlela ezinamhlophe emaqabunga amahlumela. Ukuze kuvikelwe ukutholakala kwalo, kubalulekile ukuphuza izitshalo ngokuya kohlelo futhi kungabikho ngaphezu kwanoma iyiphi indlela.
  2. UMose - isibonakaliso sokuqala saleso sifo sihlunga amaqabunga amaqabunga, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana baqala ukugoqa. Uma kwenzeka isifo esinjalo, izitshalo ezithintekile kufanele zibhujiswe, futhi umhlaba kufanele uchitheke ngokuphelele nge-disinfected.
  3. I-Anthracnose - izimpawu zayo eziyinhloko zibhekwa njengamabala aluhlaza emaqabunga kanye nama-brown specks emifino. Lesi sifo singavinjelwa kalula uma impahla yokutshala ingakhukhumeziwe.
  4. I-Angular leaf spot - qaphela ukuthi lesi sifo singase sibe phezu kwamaqabunga aphansi esitshalweni, kanye namaconsi aphuzi ohlangothini oluphambene ne-plate plate. I-seed disinfection iyisilinganiso esiyisihluthulelo sokuzivikela.

Futhi, izinkinga zingenzeka ngenxa yokubonakala kwezinambuzane ezilandelayo:

  1. Isibungu se-spider - ungabona ukubonakala kwayo emagumbini kanye namachashazi emaqabunga. Futhi isisindo esiyinhloko sokuvimbela isitshalo njalo sitshalo ngamanzi afudumele.
  2. I-fly fly - kubonakala ngendlela yokomisa kanye nokumnyama kwamahlamvu. Ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwe-parasite kuzokusiza ukusilalisa ukhula njalo.
  3. I-Aphid emnandi - izimpawu eziyinhloko zokuthi le nkathazo iqalile ukuphikisana kwamaqabunga kanye nenani elikhulu lezinambuzane ezizungeze isihlahla. Uma utshala u-anyanisi nogalikhi phakathi kwemibhede yamakhukhamba, inkinga izophela.

Ukuvuna nokugcina

Amakhukhamba aseShayina ahlukaniswa ukuzinza okuhle futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, afanelekile ukulondolozwa. Kunconywa ukuba uqoqe izithombo zokugcina nsuku zonke, ekuseni noma kusihlwa, ukuwasika ngokucophelela emhlathini ngommese.

Kubalulekile! Amakhukhamba "angamaShayina" awadluleli, okujwayelekile kwezinye izinhlobo nezinhlobo zemifino. Ngisho noma uqoqa amaqabunga aluhlaza izinsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuvuthwa, azohlala ekhangayo ekubukeni futhi ngeke alahlekelwe ukunambitheka kwawo. Kodwa ukuze ugcine u-fecundity we-shrub, ungakhohlwa ukuwasebenzisa kahle ngemva kokuvuna.

Izithelo ezivuthiwe kufanele zigcinwe esiqandisini noma emiphongolweni ukuze zihlale zihlanzekile amasonto amabili. Geza amakhukhamba awudingi, njengoba lokhu kunganciphisa impilo yabo yeshalofu.

Funda indlela yokulondoloza ukhukhamba ebusika.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-14, kancane kancane balahlekelwa yizimfanelo zabo ze-gastronomic futhi bahle kakhulu ekubukeni. Ngakho-ke, uma kuvela ukuvuna okucebile futhi akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa yonke imifino ngezinhloso zokudlela ngalezi zinsuku, kungcono ukuyigcina.

Izinkinga nezincomo ezingenzeka

Ukuntuleka kwezakhi, kanye nokulima okungalungile, kungabandakanya ubunzima abathile ekukhuleni "ukhukhamba wamaShayina". Okuvamile kunawo wonke yi-abscission yamaqabunga nezithelo, okungashukunyiswa ukungabikho kokusekelwa, noma ukuchelela okubambezelekile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba ulandele zonke izincomo ngokuphathelene nokutshala nokutshala izimila.

Manje uyazi ukuthi ukukhukhamba ukhukhamba okungavamile kakhulu, okunomsoco futhi okunempilo wokulima waseShayina kulula futhi ngisho nokulimala okungenalwazi. Into esemqoka ukulandela imithetho nezincomo ngokuphathelene nokutshala nokuzinakekela. Zama ukukhula futhi uhlole ukunambitheka kwalezi Zelentsov ezifanele ngempela.