Ivanova yemifino enomlilo - isivuno esikhulu esinesikhathi esincane kanye nomzamo.
Izitshalo zokugcina izithombo nezitshalo zokugcina izitshalo ezithisa ukushisa ezindaweni ezithintekayo kakhulu zithandwa kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, sonke sijwayele ukujwayela, izakhiwo zendabuko, lapho izimo zokutshala imifino nezimbali zifana nayo.
Isihlahla semifino esinawo sinayo ukungezwani okuyinhloko kusukela ezakhiweni zensimu zendabuko ukuya ezindaweni zokuhlala ezikhungweni ezibandayo.
I-Garden isimangaliso ngezici ezinhle
Isitshalo semifino yelanga - i-greenhouse yesizukulwane esisha, uhlobo lokushisa kwelanga, olwethulwa i-physicist A.V. Ivanov. Isakhiwo sakhiwe ema-50s ekhulwini lokugcina, futhi siboniswe ngokushesha amathuba amnandi uthole isivuno esikhulu kunoma iyiphi indawo yezulu.
Ukuhlakulela izitshalo zensimu emifinini kukuvumela ukuba uthole isivuno inyanga ngaphambili, futhi inani lalo liye landa kakhulu.
Ukubonakala kwalesi sakhiwo kufana nendawo ejwayelekile yokubamba ukushisa, evame ukutholakala ezindaweni eziningi ze-suburban. Umehluko obalulekile unesakhiwo sangaphakathi esikhethekile semifino.
Ivanov Vegetarian - ukubhujiswa kwazo zonke izinkolelo zokutshala izitshalo ezithisa ukushisa ezindaweni ezingaphakathi. Kusuka ku-greenhouse evamile noma ukwakhiwa kwama-greenhouse ebonakala yimingcele elandelayo:
- Vegetarian ayidingi ukushisa okwengeziwe ekushiseni okuqala ezingaphansi kwezingu-10 degrees. Ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, izinga lokushisa lizogcinwa ngaphakathi kwama-18-20 degrees. Uma ubusika obusika bubonakala kungaphansi kwe-15, ibhalansi igcinwa ngaphakathi kwama-degree angu-12;
- I-helio-greenhouse i-Ivanova inikezwa ngokukhethekile uhlelo lokujikeleza emoyeniIsikhala sangaphakathi semifino asidingi ukuhamba. Okubaluleke nakakhulu ukuthi phakathi nale nqubo i-greenhouse ilahlekelwa umswakama, i-nitrogen ne-carbon dioxide, futhi ukuba khona kwalezi zinto emoyeni kuyadingeka ukuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwezitshalo;
- Esikhathini semifino umswakama omuhle wezitshalongakho asikho isidingo sokuchelela njalo.
Iyini inzuzo yokuklama?
Ivanov Vegetarian ine isakhiwo esikhethekile, ngenxa yokuthi ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwe-solar energy ukulondoloza i-microclimate yangaphakathi.
Eqinisweni, yakha isakhiwo esingenxantathu esinephahleni eliphahleni, elibala. Isigqoko sihlelwe nge-angle engaba ngu-20 degrees.
Uphahleni lwezitshalo lukhanya kakhulu. Inketho ekahle yi-polycarbonate yeselula. Izindonga ezihlangothini nezingaphambi kwemifino nazo zakhiwa nge-polycarbonate noma ingilazi.
Uhlangothi olungasenyakatho lwakhiwe imali futhi embozwe ngesilwane esibukweni noma odwetshwe ngepende elimhlophe. Njengendlela yokukhetha, imifino ifakwe emdongeni wendlu, echitheka futhi ngisho nasecingo. Kodwa ungakha isakhiwo esihlukile, nenhloko yedonga elisenyakatho.
Uma izitshalo zakhiwa ngokwehlukana nendlu, kuyanconywa ukufudumala odongeni elingemuva amashidi we-foam. Ukuphakama kwodonga olusenyakatho opaque kufanele kube ngamamitha amabili kuya kwamabili nengxenye.
Imisebe yelanga iwela emdlelweni wezitshalo ngokusebenzisa uphahla olucacile kanye nezindonga, iqoqa, ibonisa kusukela kwideskrini yangemuva.
Futhi ukwehlisa ukuma kwelanga, amandla engeziwe asetshenziswa ngaphakathi imifino. Umthamo wesakhiwo ngesilinganiso sama-degree angu-25, kwandisa ukushisa kokushisa, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlaka ezivamile, ngezikhathi ezingu-3-4.5.
Ngokuphathelene nelungiselelo lwangaphakathi lokushisa kwelanga, imibhede yangaphakathi ikhona izinyathelo ezisuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu. I-ridge ngayinye inamathele ngezitini, imithini yokhuni noma yensimbi.
Leli lungiselelo lamagquma namadonga lifaka isandla ekungeneni okukhulu kwelanga ngaphakathi kwesikhala sangaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubonakaliswa kwemisebe kuncishiswe kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, okuyinto kunciphisa ukulahleka kwelanga.
Amapulazi angaphakathi kwendawo yemifino kufanele ayenziwe amancane, anezinsizakalo ezinkulu phakathi kwabo. Izimila ngaphakathi kwazo zinomshini omkhulu, ngakho zidinga i-garter e-trellis enezingqimba, etholakala ngaphansi kwephahla.
Uma kwenzeka iqhwa lingaphansi kwama-degrees angu-15 ku-greenhouse inganikeza ukushisa. Kulesi simo, imifino ifanele ukusetshenziswa konyaka.
Ukushintshanisa umoya endaweni yokushisa
Inkinga yokulahlekelwa kwesidlo semvelo yezakhi ze-CO2 ekwakhiweni kwe-Ivanov ixazululwa ngokudala umjikelezo wokuvala umoya.
Ekujuleni kwenhlabathi, endaweni eqhele ngamasentimitha angama-35 ukusuka phezulu kanye namasentimitha angaba ngu-60 komunye nomunye, amapayipi (ipulasitiki noma i-asbestos-samente) afihliwe. Amapayipi ahlelwe eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Imikhawulo yamapayipi avela phansi ihanjiswa emkhathini womhlaba, futhi ngaphezulu kwaxhunyaniswa nomqoqi otholakala kuwo wonke amapayipi.
Iphayiphi eliqondile elinamahlumela wokulungisa lifakwe phakathi kwendawo yokuqoqa. Libheka uphahla ngodonga olusenyakatho. Ukuphuma kwalesi pipu ngqo kwimifino kunikezwa ngothisha.
Ukusebenzisa ama-valve afakwe kumqokeleli (phezulu nangaphansi kwe-fan), izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse lilawulwa. Esikhathini sokushisa kwelanga ebusika, lapho izinga lokushisa lingaphandle kwezingu-10, ukushisa kwangaphakathi kukwanele ukugcina izinga lokushisa kwama-degree angu-25.
Ukushisa ukushisa kungumhlabathiuyithatha emoyeni. Ukushisa okwenziwe engxenyeni engenhla yesakhiwo kuqondiswa phansi ngokuhlelekile. Ebusuku, kunenqubo ephindaphindiwe yokubuya kokushisa kusuka emhlabathini emuva emoyeni.
I-ventilation system efanayo ye-greenhouse yemifino isindisa izitshalo kusuka ekushiseni ezinsukwini ezishisayo. Ukushisa okwedlulele kukhishwa ngokusebenzisa amapayipi afanayo. I-flap ezansi ngaphansi kwe-fan manje ivaliwe futhi i-flap phezulu ivuleka.
Kule nkinga, izinguquko ze-flow direction air. I-fan iyayihambisa, iqinisekise ukushisa kwangaphakathi okujwayelekile futhi ivikele izitshalo ngokushisa.
Uhlelo lokunisela lokutshala kwelanga
Ukuze kunisela izitshalo ezikhuliswe nge-solarium, kusetshenziselwa umswakama nomhlabathieqoqwe uhlelo oluhlelekile lokuqoqwa kwalo.
Amapayipi abeka ngaphansi komhlaba, abe nezimbobo ezansi ebangeni lika-15-20 cm komunye nomunye. Ukudlula emipayipi ebandayo, umoya oshisayo unomthelela ekwakheni kwe-condensate ezindongeni. Umswakama oqoqwe ngale ndlela ugoqa phansi enhlabathini, lapho uthatha khona izimpande zezitshalo.
Ngaphansi kwamapayipi, kwafakwa isongo sobumba olwandisiwe ukuze sisakaze umswakama kulo lonke ubude bombhede. Ukunisela okungezansi kwezitshalo ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo lokunisela akudingeki..
Kuhlelo olufanayo lokunisela, ikhwalithi yamanzi nayo ihlanganisa. Akakhululekile kasawoti kanye ne-lime, kuyilapho igcwele i-ammonia kusukela ekuqhekekeni kwezinto eziphilayo. Uma kungabikho umswakama ku-greenhouse, kuncike ukunisela ukuchelela.
Inhlangano enjalo yokunisela iyakuhle kakhulu kwezitshalo.. Uma ukuchelela kuhlelwe phezu komhlaba, umswakama uphuthuka ngokugcwele, iningi lawo alifinyeleli ohlelweni lwempande. Izimpande zalokhu ukuchelela, okufuna ukuthola umswakama, ukuya phezulu, okuthinta kakhulu ukukhula.
I-Vegetarian, ngenxa yokungena kwamanzi umswakama emhlabathini, igalelo ekuthuthukiseni izitshalo ezinamandla, ngokuyinhloko ezithuthukiswa ngomswakama kanye nokudla kwesimiso.
Umdali wezitshalo, i-AV Ivanov, waphupha ukuthi inzalo yakhe iyatholakala kuzo zonke izindlu ukuze kukhishwe amandla elangeni futhi unikeze izakhamuzi zayo imifino. Okwamanje zonke izitshalo zensimu ze-amateur zinethuba lokuzisebenzisa okwenzelwe ukwandisa isivuno esakhiweni.
Isithombe
Esithombeni ungabona izithombo zokugcina zelanga zokuzalwa zelanga:
