Uma amanzi engekho endaweni yasemadolobheni, abanikazi bavame ukuvula imithombo noma ukumba amachibi. Kubalulekile ukuthi amanzi asemgangathweni omuhle. Yingakho, ngaphambi kokuba uqale umsebenzi, kubalulekile ukutadisha ngokuningiliziwe ukukhishwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, izinhlobo zabo nezindlela zokusesha, kanye nezindlela zokunquma ikhwalithi yamanzi okuphuza - sizohlaziya konke lokhu kulesi sihloko.
Izinhlobo zamanzi angaphansi komhlaba nokulala
Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kubhekwa ukuthi akhona endaweni engenhla ye-crust of earth kunoma yiziphi izici ezintathu eziyisisekelo zamanzi: uketshezi, ugesi, noma okuqinile. Zinezinhlobo ezahlukene:
- I-Verkhovodka - amanzi aphezulu, atholakala ekujuleni kwe-2-5 m. Akufanelekile ukuphuza, angasetshenziselwa izinhloso zobuchwepheshe kanye nokunisela. Lezi zigaba zakhiwa ngenxa yokungena kwamanzi kanye namanzi angaphezulu, ngakho-ke kuxhomeke kakhulu ezimweni zesimo sezulu. Ingqimba engenhla iyancipha ngesikhathi sesomiso.
- Ground - kwenzeke ekujuleni kwamamitha amahlanu kuya ku-40 phakathi kwamadwala ase-sedimentary, ngakho-ke, ngokwezinga elincane, kuxhomeke ezimweni zezulu kanye noshintsho lwezinkathi. Ziwumthombo ongcono kakhulu futhi osetshenziselwa njalo uketshezi lwesayithi lakho. Ungabi nengcindezi.
- I-Artesian - zifakwa endaweni ejulile eyi-100 kuya ku-1000 m ezingxenyeni ezingenawo amanzi, azikho izingqimba zobumba, futhi zicebile kumaminerali. Yiba nenhloko. Amabhasi ase-Artesian angumthombo obalulekile kakhulu wamaminerali.
- Ukungenelela - ulale phakathi kwezigaba ezimbili zangaphambili, uhlanzekile kunamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Yiba nengcindezi, efanelekile ukuphuza.
Ngakho-ke, umthombo ongcono kakhulu, ophezulu futhi ongenakuthengwa wokuphuza amanzi yiwo angaphansi komhlaba. Nakuba zikhona phakathi kwamadwala e-sedimentary, zixhomeke ngezinga elithile ezimweni ezinjengezimo zezulu (ukushisa, ukushisa, ukushisa komkhathi, njll) kanye nomsebenzi wabantu (ukugeleza kwenhlabathi, ukufakwa kwezinhlaka zamanzi, ukumbumbuluzwa kwemithombo yamaminerali, njll).Kubalulekile! Akukwenzelwanga ngokwezigaba ukufaka imithombo yamanzi okuphuza eduze kwezindleko zokubeka impahla, izindawo zokugcinwa kwemfuyo, izindawo zokulahlwa kwemfucuza, kuhlanganise nama-radioactive, kanye namangcwaba aseduze nezinkomo. Amanzi aphansi eduze nezindawo ezibalwe angcolisiwe futhi awafanelekile ukuphuza.
Izindlela zokusesha
Kunezindlela ezingaphezu kwezingu-12 ezihlukene zokusesha ama-aquifers endaweni. Okuyinhloko kukhona kanje:
- Ngosizo lokuswakama kwezinto ezinomswakama. Ungasebenzisa i-gelisi ye-silika, izitini eziphukile noma usawoti. Ukuze kuhlanzeke ukuhlolwa, into ekhethiwe ngaphambili kufanele imisiwe ngokuphelele kuhhavini ukususa umswakama. Khona-ke liboshwe ngendwangu eboshwe futhi kulinganiswe ngesilinganiso esinembile. Khona-ke izikhwama ezinezidakamizwa ezivuthayo ziyangcwatshwa ekujuleni kwe-1 m emanzini ahlongozwayo. Ngemuva kosuku, izikhwama zibiwe futhi zilinganiselwe. Isikhwama esikhudlwana isikhwama sivela emswakameni, isethembiso esithembisa khulu.
I-silika gel - Ngosizo lwe-barometer. Ngosizo lwedivayisi, ukucindezelwa kulinganiswa eduze kwanoma yisiphi isakhiwo esiseduze, bese kuthi ngqo endaweni ehlosiwe yokugaya. Bala umphumela ngale ndlela: 1 mm Hg ulingana no-10-12 m ekudoneni kwengcindezi, ngokulandelana, u-0.1 mm ulingana no-1-1.2m. Uma i-barometer yamanzi ibonisa i-752 mm nendawo engama-751.6 mm, sibala umehluko bese uhumusha kude ne-reservoir fluid: 752-751.6 = 0.4. Okusho ukuthi, ungqimba lwamanzi okungenani u-4 m.
- Ngosizo lwezimbiza zezingilazi. Kusukela kusihlwa lapho amanzi angase abe khona kufanele adle amabhodlela omqulu ofanayo nomgodi ophansi. Ngakusasa ekuseni, amabhange ahlola ukuthi ithangi elinomthelela omkhulu libonisa indawo ethembisayo kakhulu.
- Ngosizo lokuzwa kagesi. Idwala eliqinile kanye namanzi anamanzi anezimpawu ezahlukene zokugesi kagesi - liphansi ezindaweni ezingamanzi. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi iphutha elibalulekile lingenzeka ekutadisheni uma kukhona umbhede wesitimela esiseduzane noma kunezibambiso ezingajulile ze-iron ore.
- Ngosizo lobuhlakani bokuzamazama komhlaba. Le ndlela isekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi amagagasi e-acoustic, edabula emanzini, aqukethe ama-frequencies aphezulu.
- Ukubuka ukwakhiwa kwenkungu. Ehlobo sasehlobo, ungabheka inhlabathi: ubhubhe phezu kwezindawo ezine-aquifers zizokwakha. Okhudlwana futhi ophansi ungaphezu komhlaba, ukusondeza kocingo lwamanzi kuyisondlo.
I-silika gel
Thola ukuthi yini engcono kakhulu ekuhlinzekeni kwamanzi we-dacha: umthombo noma umthombo.
Ukugaya okuhlolisayo
Ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokumba nokusebenza kokuhlola. Lezi zinsuku zenziwa ngenhloso yokutadisha amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kungenzeka ukubhoboza kahle. Ukushayela umthombo wokuhlolisisa kunomnotho okwedlulele kunokwakheka kahle njalo, ngoba ububanzi bomgodi buncane kakhulu.
Ukugaya okuhlolisayo kuvunyelwe ukufeza lezi zinhloso:
- thola futhi ufunde i-aquifer;
- thola isampula yasemhlabathini ukuhlola ukugcwala kwamanzi ayo nokujula kokushisa, kanye nokufaka ingozi yokuchitha, ukuxhaswa, ukuthutha noma ukuthungatha komthombo;
- Linganisa ibanga elibhekele amanzi.
Izindlela zokusesha abantu
Ukusondela kwamanzi kuya emhlabathini kungabonisa ukuziphatha kwezinye izilwane noma ukukhula okunye kwezitshalo. Kukhona nendlela ye-biolocation. Ukusebenza nokusebenza kwalo akuqinisekisiwe ngokwesayensi, ngoba kufakwe eqenjini lezinhlobo zabantu zokusesha kwamanzi komhlaba.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba kunikezwe izindleko eziphakeme zokugaya ukuhlola, kuhle ukufezekisa ukuthi ngabe kuhlelwe yini imindeni eminingana. Intengo yomsebenzi ikhiwa ngokuphindaphinda izindleko ngokuphakama okungu-1 m. Izindleko zokugcina zizoxhomeka ekubunjeni komsebenzi, ububanzi bomgodi, ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi engeziwe.
Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi izindlela ezibalulwe ngezansi azikwazi ukuqinisekisa umphumela we-100%, futhi kungcono ukuzisebenzisa njengabasizi.
Izilwane
Izakhi "zasekhaya" zomswakama ongaphansi komhlaba yizinja, amahhashi, izinyoni. Futhi, izidleke zegundane nezinambuzane zibonisa ukungabikho noma ukutholakala kwamanzi.
- Izinja ezisesimo sezulu esishisayo zizama ukumba imigodi ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu emhlabathini.
- Amahhashi abuye akhethe izindawo ezimanzi futhi ezipholile kakhulu ukuze zihlale egcekeni.
- Izinkukhu ngeke zithathwe ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu, kodwa, ngokuphambene nalokho, zizothola indawo ehamba phambili futhi ekhululekile kakhulu.
- Amahansi okubeka amaqanda azobheka ngokuqondile izindawo ezinezinga eliphakeme lokuswakama, ngakho-ke, ukusondela koqweqwe lwamanzi.
- Kusihlwa, i-midges iqoqa phezu kwenhlabathi ngokuqukethwe komswakama ophezulu.
- Amagundane akalokothi ambe izimbobo ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu.
- Izintuthwane ezibomvu nazo azenzi ama-anthill emhlabathini ngamanqanaba aphezulu okumswakama.
Inja ibamba imboboIzimila
Kuyaziwa ukuthi kunezitshalo ezithandayo umswakama kanye nalabo abakhula ezindaweni ezomile.
Uyazi? Ngo-2014, abacwaningi bezokwelapha babonisa ukuthi bafaka amanzi amaningi emgodlweni weMhlaba ngamanzi angama-400-600 km nakakhulu. Ivolumu yenani lala mabhasi atholakele lidlula ivolumu ye-World Ocean izikhathi ezingu-3!
Uhlu lwezitshalo ezibonisa ukuzamazama komhlaba okungajulile: i-willow, i-currant yasendle, i-sorrel yamahhashi, i-meadowsweet, i-meadowsweed, i-silverweed, i-hemlock, i-coltsfoot, i-sedge, i-horsetail, i-nettle, umhlanga, i-birch, i-willow. Ezindaweni ezinezinga eliphakeme lokuswakama emhlabathini, zikhula kabi futhi ezinye izihlahla zezithelo zifa: ama-apula, ama cherry, ama-plums. 
Ama-dowsing ozimele
Ukuzama le ndlela endala futhi ethandwayo, udinga ukwenza okulandelanayo kwezenzo:
- Lungiselela izingcezu ezimbili ze-aluminium wire nge ubude buka-40 cm. Ngama-10 cm kusukela ekuqaleni, ucingo kufanele luboshwe engeni lika-90 ° bese ufaka amahlumela angenalutho ngaphansi komdala, i-willow, viburnum noma i-hazel ukuze bakwazi ukujikeleza ngokukhululekile.
- Bala uhlangothi lomhlaba kusayithi.
- Thatha amahlumela ngocingo ngale ndlela: ama-elbows kufanele agxilwe emzimbeni, izandla ziphakanyiswe ezingeni lesifuba, ukuphela kwecingo kuqondiswa ngezindlela ezihlukile.
- Okulandelayo udinga ukuhamba kusayithi kusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu futhi kusukela entshonalanga kuya empumalanga. Ezindaweni ezinamanzi aphansi angaphansi komhlaba, izingxenye zensimbi zizowela - kulezi zindawo kufanelekile ukumba umthombo noma ukumba umthombo.
Izinkathi ezihle kakhulu zokuthola uketshezi ngale ndlela zihlobo nangekwindla yokuqala. Amahora afanelekayo: isikhathi esiphakathi kuka-5: 00-6: 00, kusukela ngo-16: 00 kuya ku-17: 00, kusukela ngo-20: 00 kuya ku-21: 00, kusukela ngo-24: 00 kuya ku-1: 00. Indlela idinga isimo sezulu esithulile, kanye nesipiliyoni esithile, ngoba ngisho nesimo sengqondo-ngokomzwelo esibonakala ngesandla sokuthuthumela singathinta umphumela wesifundo.Futhi, ukuwela uhlaka akubonisi ngaso sonke isikhathi amanzi: ngo-4-5%, idivaysi iphendula emadwaleni enhlabathi.
Uzoba nesithakazelo sokufunda mayelana nokufakwa kwamanzi endlini yangasese ephuma emthonjeni, emzimbeni wamanzi okusheshayo futhi ukhethe isiteshi sokumotela i-dacha.
Amadivayisi wokunquma
Ngaphambi kwalokho, sesivele sibonise ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthola ukuthi kwenzeke yini isithwala samanzi ngosizo lwe-barometer. Ngaphezu kwalesi divayisi, kunezinye ezisebenza ezimisweni ezahlukene:
- "Pulse". Le divayisi ingenziwa ngokuzimela kusuka ku-voltmeter ne-electrode enezindleko ezimbi nezinhle.
- "Gidroscope". Kuyinto idivayisi ephathekayo egibele emshinini, ngokuvamile ephethe impahla.
Indlela yokwazi ikhwalithi yamanzi
Kubalulekile hhayi nje ukuthola amanzi kusayithi lakho, kodwa ukuthola uketshezi oluphezulu kakhulu nolusizo lokuphuza nokudinga nsuku zonke. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kwe-liquid kufanele kuhlolwe yimingcele elandelayo:
- izakhiwo ze-organoleptic;
- ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezinkomba zethusi;
- ukuphepha kwesifo.
Uma une-cottage futhi uthanda ukwakha, funda indlela yokwenza ingadi enhle, i-grill, i-pool, i-waterfall, umthombo, i-gabions, i-gazebo ne-rock arias.
I-Organoleptic noma i-physico-organoleptic ibizwa ngokuthi yizindawo zoketshezi umuntu angazizwa ngosizo lwezinzwa eziyisisekelo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa iphunga, umbala nokunambitha. Ngokusho komthetho, amanzi kufanele abe nephunga elimangalisa ukuthi umuntu angazizwa "ngokumunuka" ngokucophelela.
Uyazi? Ngesikhathi sokuphila, umuntu oyedwa ojwayelekile uphuza amathani angu-35 amanzi.
Futhi amanzi okuphuza akufanele abe nambitha noma ukunambitha. Esinye isibonakaliso esibalulekile yi-turbidity. Izinga le-turbidity liyi-1.5 mg / l, kodwa lingalinganiswa ngaphansi kwemibandela ye-laboratory besebenzisa indlela ye-Snellen nokusebenzisa isikali se-kaolin. 
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukutadisha imingcele yezokwelapha yelesi. Bakhombisa ukutholakala noma ukungabikho kwamakhemikhali okuvela emithonjeni ehlukile emanzini: emvelo noma ngenxa yezimboni, ukungcola kwezolimo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nama-reagents ekuhlanjululeni uketshezi kokuphuza emabhizinisini. Ukuqhuba ucwaningo ukutadisha ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali kunokwenzeka kuphela ezimweni zabasebenzi.
Funda ukuthi ungayenza kanjani indlela yokusika, kanye nokukhonkolo.
Ekuphetheni, kubalulekile ukuphenya amanzi okuphepha kwamagciwane. Ukuze senze lokhu, sifunda inani eliphelele lama-microorganisms nama-parasites, kanye nenani lama-bacteria avela eqenjini lika-Escherichia coli. 
Ukuqaphela ukuba khona kwamanzi kusayithi kungasebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene ezahlukahluka futhi zithembekile. I-aquifer ingabonakala isebenzisa izinsimbi ezikhethekile, izindlela ezithandwayo, kanye nokugaya ukuhlola. Kodwa-ke, kule ndaba kuyadingeka ukuthi uxhumane nongcweti ukuze ungaqedi ngokuphindwe kabili ukugujwa kahle endaweni engafanele.
Uma ufuna ukufaka ucingo lwekhaya lezwe, isakhiwo noma i-dacha, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda indlela yokukhetha nokufaka ucingo lwezitini, ucingo noma ucingo lwe-picket, ucingo oluvela kumgridi wokuxhumanisa izinsimbi, ucingo oluvela ku-gabions nocingo.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa kwamabara ebhodini elikhiqizwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga eliphezulu nokuphepha.
