Ingozi yezifo ezithathelwanayo yukuthi ukunqotshwa kutholakala sekwephuzile, futhi ngalesi sikhathi iningi lomhlambi unesifo. Izifo ezinjalo ziholela emaphesenti amakhulu ekufeni kwezinkukhu.
Isifo sofuba ezinkukhu asitholakali siphathwa. Ingozi enkulu yesifo ukuthi ingadluliselwa kubantu, izilwane ezihlukahlukene nezinyoni, kanye nenqubo ehlanekezelayo. Indlela yokuphatha futhi ngabe kungenzeka yini ukuvimbela lesi sifo, thola kulesi sihloko.
Iyini isigciwane sofuba?
Isifo sesifo sofuba yisifo esithathelwanayo esenzeka ngesimo esibi kakhulu. I-agent yayo ye-causative yi-bacycle ye-bird flu tuberculosis. Umthombo oyinhloko wokutheleleka ngumanyolo wezinyoni. Kuyo i-bacilli ingahlala izinyanga ezingu-7.
Ngoba lesi sifo sibonakala ukwakheka kwama-tubercles ezicubu zomzimba. Amabhaktheriya avame ukuthinta izitho zangaphakathi:
- izimbungulu ezinamaqanda;
- isibindi;
- umzila wamathunjini;
- iphleen.
Isifo singahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa. Inkambo yayo incike ekungenikeni kokulimala ezithombeni zangaphakathi, futhi ijubane lithinta ubukhona bokuzivikela kanye nekhwalithi yokudla kwezinkukhu. Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-tubercles kubangele ukwanda kwesitho esithintekile futhi kuphelile ngokuqhekeka nokubola kwesifo esibulalayo.
Uyazi? Emapulazini amakhulu nasezikhungweni zezinkukhu, izinkukhu azihlushwa isifo sofuba, njengoba imfuyo ishintshwe emva koku-1-Iminyaka emibili futhi lesi sifo asithinti izinyoni njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba Izinkukhu zithola amavithamini namaminerali ngobuningi.
Izimbangela
Ngokusobala, uhlobo olubonile lwemonakalo ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi ze-bacillus i-Mycobacterium avium ngenxa yezici zezinye izingxenye zamaseli.
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokutheleleka kwezinkukhu ezifuywayo kukuxhumana nabathwali be-pathogen kanye nemikhiqizo yabo yemithi. Amajuba kanye nantlunkulu bangenwa yi-Mycobacterium avium. Ukudla ezikhukhuleni zezinkukhu, badlulisa amanzi noma ukudla, kudlulisa i-pathogen ezinkukhu ezinempilo.
Uma izidumbu zezinyoni ezithathelwanayo zingabhubhi, kodwa ziphonswa endaweni yokuqothulwa komhlaba noma zingcwatshwe, izilwane zasendle, kuhlanganise namagundane, zizitholele kalula, futhi zidlulisele i-pathogen ezindaweni ezingenalutho.
Izimpawu kanye nenkambo yesifo
Izinkukhu ezigulayo zibuthakathaka, zingabonakali, ziyashesha ngokushesha, zilahlekelwe isisindo somzimba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo badla inani elijwayelekile lokudla. Isikhumba sibonakala somile, kanti i-earlobes kanye nekhefu bathola umthunzi ongenampilo. Kanye nezimpawu eziyinhloko, futhi phawula:
- ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu;
- ukwehla kancane kancane ekukhiqizeni kweqanda;
- i-anemia;
- izimpaphe eziphazamisayo nezingcolile.
Funda indlela yokuhlukanisa uketshezi lwezilwane, i-laryngotracheitis, i-salmonellosis, isifo sikaMarek, i-aspergillosis, i-mycoplasmosis, i-coccidiosis, i-bronchitis esithathelwanayo, i-syndrome yokukhiqiza amaqanda, i-conjunctivitis, i-salpingitis.
Njengoba inani le-granulomas landa, ubukhulu besitho esithintekile buyanda. Ngaphandle, lokhu kungaqaphelwa kuphela uma kunesifo se-mucosa emathunjini kanti ingxenye yaso iphuma kulesi sigameko. Ukweqa inkukhu nakho kungadliwa yi-granulomas.
Ngoba izinhlelo zangaphakathi zomzimba zibhekiswe yi:
- ukungasebenzi;
- umonakalo ohlanganyelwe;
- ukubonakala kwamathumba nama-abscesses;
- i-lesion ye-membrane yamangcwaba.
Futhi le nyoni iqala ukunyakaza nokuqhaqhazela. Lokhu kwenzeka nge-lesion ye-scapular zone, ephenduka i-arthritis nokukhubazeka kwamapayipi.
Kubalulekile! Uma inkukhu egulayo itholakala emhlambini wezinkomo, isusiwe, futhi zonke izinkukhu zifakwa ekuhlukaniseni izinsuku ezingu-60. Kusuka epulazini lokuhlukanisa, awukwazi ukuthengisa inyama namaqanda.
Ukuguqulwa nokuguqulwa kwamathambo
Abahlengikazi bangakwazi ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphika ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi sokuhlola i-laboratory yezinyoni ezigulayo, futhi ngokushesha lapho kwenziwa, amathuba amaningi okuvimbela lesi sifo ukuba asakaze wonke umhlambi.
I-diagnosis eyinhloko isungulwa yizimpawu zangaphandle zesifo, kanye nemiphumela yokuthola amangqamuzana e-bacterial anti-resistant in smears.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-tuberculin kwe-intradermal kwenziwa ukuxilongwa komhlambi wezinkomo. Isivivinyo senziwa ezindaweni ezivulekile zomzimba - isikhala, amacici. I-allergen enamandla i-Mycobacterium avium ilawulwa nge-intradermally.
Uma inqubo yokuvuvukala isiqalile, i-earring yanda ngobukhulu, lokhu kusho ukuthi ukusabela ku-pathogen kuyinto enhle, okubonisa ukuthi ukuxhumana ne-bacterium kwenzekile. Uma ukutheleleka ngesikhathi sokuxhumana kungeke kwenzeke, ukuhlolwa kwe-tuberculin ngemuva kwenyanga kuzonikeza umphumela omubi.
Lapho isidumbu senyama yenkukhu evulekile sivulwa, izitho ezikhuthele zizotholakala. Kodwa zidideka kalula ngezifo ezingokwemvelo, futhi ukuhlaziywa ukubona ama-bacterial cell-resistant cells okudingekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuxilongwa.
Kubalulekile! Uma uxhumane nezinyoni nemishini, qaphela ukuphepha. Sebenzisa amaglavu ne-cotton bandage.
Iyini ukwelashwa kwezinkukhu zasekhaya zesifo sofuba?
Inkukhu yasekhaya ayilashwa ngenxa yesifo sofuba ngenxa yokungabi nzuzo kwezomnotho. Izinyoni zezinhlobo ezingavamile zisebenzisa ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic. Inkambo yokwelashwa izohlala okungenani iminyaka eyi-1.5.
Ukushiya inkukhu egulayo, kukhona ingozi yokuthelela zonke izilwane.
Inkukhu enesifo kumele ibhujiswe, inkukhu yenkukhu kumele ikhunjulwe, futhi yonke imfuyo, ukuhlolwa kwe-tuberculin kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kutholakale izinyoni ezithathelwanayo. Ngesikhathi sokungcola kwenkukhu yezinkukhu, izinyoni kumele zihanjiswe kwelinye igumbi, ngoba ukuqhuma kwamalungiselelo, okubandakanya i-lime, kungaba yingozi kulokhu okuphilayo.
Funda ukuthi ungayilungisa kanjani igciwane lekhukhu.
Ngingadla inyama edla inyama
Inyama yenkukhu egulayo ayinqatshelwe ukuba idliwe kuphela, kodwa ayikhuthazwa ukuba nje uyilahle noma uyibeke. Kukholelwa ukuthi kungabiliswa kahle futhi kudliwe emfuyweni, kodwa uma i-pathogen iphikelela ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, ukudla okunjalo kuyovele kutholakale izilwane ezinempilo. I-agent ye-causative ayimelene nemithonya yemvelo enonya. Emhlabathini nasezintweni zezinyoni, zingadlulela unyaka.
Ingabe isifo sofuba sinobungozi kubantu?
I-Mycobacterium avium ayibangeli isifo sofuba kubantu, kodwa isengozini, ngoba ingalimaza empilweni. Ukwengeza, ukuba ngumthwali we-bacilli, umuntu angaphatha izinkukhu ezinempilo noma ezinye izilwane.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwe "Ftivazid" - isidakamizwa sokulwa nesifo sofuba. Isidakamizwa sitholakala kwifomu lepilisi. Isidakamizwa sengezwe ukupha izinkukhu. Umthamo womhlambi kufanele uvunyelwane nama-veterinarians.
Uyazi? Ngo-1947, kwavezwa ukuthi i-agent causative yesifo isithinta umzimba womuntu. I-bacterium ithinta abantu kungakhathaliseki ubudala babo nesimo sokuvikela umzimba.
Izinduku nezinyoni zasendle akufanele zingene ekamelweni ngokudla nokuphuza, ngoba bangabathwali besifo. Lesi sifo sitholakale kakhulu ezinkukhu ngenkathi ebandayo. Ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwezinyoni endaweni encane, lesi sifo singasakazeka kalula kuzo zonke izinyoni.
Igumbi alinqanyuliwe ngezinye zezixazululo:
- i-bleach 3%;
- i-formaldehyde 3%;
- ukumiswa kwesilonda esisha omuncu 20%;
- i-caustic soda, ingxube ye-sulfur-creosol, njll.
Kusukela kutholakala izifo ezithathelwanayo ezinyoni, akunakwenzeka ukuba umuntu aqiniseke ngokugcwele, kodwa ukugcinwa kwesikhashana, ukugcina izinkukhu ezihlanzekile futhi kungaboni izinyoni zasendle noma ama-rodents kunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka ngo-26%, kusho abacwaningi baseCanada.
Isifo sofuba ezinkukhu: ukubuyekezwa
... Izinkukhu ziphethwe yisifo sofuba ezinyangeni ezingu-12 ubudala nangaphezulu ... Uma i-mycobacteria ingena emzimbeni, ama-nodules asemqoka wombala omhlophe noma omhlophe ophuzi abomvu akhiwa, kaningi emhlangeni we-ileo-cecal wamathumbu nesibindi, kaningi esitheni futhi kaningi kakhulu kwezinye izitho ...
Noma kunjalo, isifo sofuba asibukeka. Kodwa i-viral, efana neyakho, eziningi zezifo zokuphefumula. Lapho i-trachea namaphaphu kuthinteka. Ngokuvamile kulezi zimo, ikhala ne-trachea ziboshelwe nge-mucus. Unayo into enjalo?
