Ama-shrub ama-black currant angatholakala cishe kuwo wonke ama-cottage ehlobo. Lokhu kubangelwa ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kanye nemithi yokwelapha yesitshalo. Njalo ngonyaka, abalimi bayathanda kakhulu ukuhlukahluka kwe "Dachnitsa". Yisiphi isizathu salokhu, sizoqonda namhlanje: sizokwazi incazelo kanye nezici zalolu hlobo, kanye nezici zokutshala nokunakekelwa.
Ukuzala
Ngenxa yalokho ukuwela izinhlobonhlobo "Ukutshala ama-Blueberries" no- "Bredthorp" Ososayensi abavela ku-Research Institute of Horticultural Siberia baye baveza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-currants ezimnyama okuthiwa "i-Dachnitsa" Abalobi bayo bangu Z. Zotov, T. Ogoltsova, uL. Bayanova noS S. Knyazev. Amasiko angena ebhalweni ngo-2004 njengesitshalo okuhloswe ngazo ukutshala ezindaweni ezihlala eNyakatho-West naseVolga-Vyatka. 
Incazelo kanye nezici
Imfihlo yokuthandwa kwezinhlobonhlobo isekelwe ezintweni eziningi: ezinye zazo zingafundwa ekuchazweni kwezithelo nezihlahla ze-black currant "iDachnitsa".
Uyazi? Indlela yokuvuna i-currants ebusika ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze ulondoloze cishe wonke amavithamini namaminerali okuqukethe, kungcono ukufisa amajikijolo. Kancane kancane, kodwa namanje kunezinto ezisebenzayo ezanele ezisezintweni ezomile nezomhlabathi noshukela.
Shrub
"Indawo yokuhlala yasehlobo" iyisihlahla esincane, esicubungulayo, esingagxiliwe, esinesimo esivamile. Amahlumela amancane anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ekhanyayo, futhi ayinayo i-pubescence. Ngemuva kokuba isitshalo sinekhanda, umbala wamahlumela usuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zikhanya kancane kancane futhi zihlale zingahlanjululwa. Amaqabunga alesi shrub amancane, angamahlanu. Amapulethi amaphepha afakwe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esincane. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, isihlahla sihlotshaniswa namaqabunga aphakathi nendawo. 
Amajikijolo
Le currant ikhululekile kakhulu: isisindo sebheyili eyodwa singafinyelela ku-5 g, futhi ngokwesilinganiso ngasinye sinesisindo esingu-2-3 g. Ukuma kwesithelo kuwu-round oval, bembethe isikhumba esincane sombala obomvu. Amajikijolo "ama-Dachnitsa" amnandi kakhulu, ngisho nasesikhumbeni akusiwo omuncu, uhlobo lwezinhlobo eziningi ze-currant emnyama. Ukuvumelana okusemaspini kuyinto encane kakhulu, futhi ukunambitheka kwalo kulinganiselwa ku-4.6 amaphuzu avela ku-5. Kumelwe futhi uqaphele ukuthi amajikijolo anikezwe iphunga elimnandi.
Kubalulekile! I-100 g yamajikijolo e-currant kuleli klasi aqukethe u-9.3% ushukela kanye no-193 mg we-ascorbic acid, kanti isidingo nsuku zonke sevithamini C somuntu omdala singama-75-90 mg. Okusho ukuthi, sidla ama-currants ambalwa, sigcwalisa isidingo somzimba se-ascorbic acid usuku lonke.
Ezinye izici ezihlukahlukene
Lokhu kuhlukahluka kwe-currant emnyama kubhekisela kuye ukukhula ekuseni. Amajikijolo avuthiwe avuthiwe avuthwe ngoJuni, okuyinto kakade inzuzo. Ake sibheke okunye okungenxa yokudumala kwe "Dachnitsa".
Izifo nokuphikiswa kwezinambuzane
I-shrub imelana kakhulu nezifo nezinambuzane. Akesabi uketshezi lwe-powdery noma i-kidney mite, okungukuthi, lezo zinambuzane ezivame ukuletha abalimi ukuphazamiseka kokukhula kwezinye izinhlobo ze-currant ezimnyama. 
Ukumelana nesomiso kanye nokumelana nesithwathwa
Izihlahla zezitshalo azibekezeleleki kahle ukungabi nomswakama ngesikhathi esincane. Kodwa izitshalo ezindala ngokuvamile zibekezelela ukuntuleka kwamanzi, futhi akuthinti isivuno kanye nekhwalithi lamajikijolo. Esinye isici samasiko ukumelana okuphakeme emazingeni okushisa aphansi.
Kubalulekile! Ama-frosts kuya ku--32 degrees "Dachnitsa" awasabekayo. Kodwa ingozi yokulahlekelwa kwezitshalo noma ukulimala ehlathini kungenzeka uma iqhwa lwenzeka ngesikhathi sezimbali: kulokhu, abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukuhlanza izihlahla.
Isikhathi sokuvuna nokukhiqiza
Isihlahla siqala ukuthela izithelo Unyaka wesi-3 ngemuva kokufika. "Isihlobo sehlobo" sizimele, kodwa uma ufuna ukuthi isivuno sibe nesicefe, kudingeka uhlanyele ezinye izinhlobo ezingu-2-3 ze-currant esakhiweni, okuzosebenza njengesivolumu.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isivuno siveza okuphakathi komthamo kodwa isivuno esiqinile. Iminyaka yobudala engama-5-8 ibhekwa njengesiqalo somkhiqizo wesitshalo: ngaleso sikhathi, isilinganiso se-1.5 kg we-currants siqoqwa esihlahleni esisodwa. Futhi uma unesitshalo esikhulu, isibonelo, ku-1 hektare, ungakwazi ukuqoqa amathani ama-9 amajikijolo. 
Ukuthutha
Ekuhloleni ukuhamba kwezinhlobonhlobo ngezinga elingu-5, "Dachnitsa" kufanelekile 4,2. Le currant ayitholanga isilinganiso esiphezulu ngenxa yokuthi ukuthuthwa okuphephile kwamajikijolo ngaphezu kwamade amade kubalulekile ukuqagela ukuvuthwa kwayo. Izithelo ezingaphezulu, ngeshwa, ziyaqhuma, futhi akusizi ngalutho ukuzithutha.
Sebenzisa
Le currant inayo ukunambitheka okukhulu futhi okuhle ekudleni. Amajikijolo amasha athambile kakhulu futhi azofaka ngokuphumelelayo noma yiliphi i-dessert eliphezulu ephezulu ehlobo. Futhi kusukela esithelweni esithi "Dachnitsa" ungakwazi ukupheka amakhemikhali amahle kakhulu, ama-marmalade, ama-marshmallow nama-marmalades. Kuhle ukulungisa ama-juice, iziphuzo zezithelo, ama-compotes, ama-syrups, ama-liqueurs kanye nama-tinctures avela kumajikijolo anemnandi namahle; ungamane uwagcobe ushukela noma uwafice.
Zijwayele ukupheka ama-black currant zokupheka: i-currants emhlabathini ngoshukela, i-jam, i-jam emizuzu emihlanu, i-tincture ye-vodka, i-moon kanye ne-alcohol, iwayini.
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo uma uthenga
Izinto zokutshala zihlale zinconywa ukuthenga kubathengisi abathembekile noma ezikhungweni ezikhethekile. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bacebisa ukunikeza okuthandayo. Izithombo ezineminyaka emibili ubudala: lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izitshalo zalesikhathi zizokhula ngokushesha, futhi ngeke kudingeke ulinde isikhathi eside kakhulu izihlahla ezihluma izihlahla. 
Uhlelo lwempande ludinga ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe ngaphambi kokuthenga isihlahla esincane: kufanele sibe nezinsuka ezi-2-4 zombala obomvu obomvu obuyi-15-20 cm, futhi futhi unezinhlobo ezincane ezincane, ezinjengezintambo, ezimpande.
Kubalulekile! Akusekho icala ukuthola izithombo, uhlelo lwempande oludwetshwe kumbala ongcolile, omnyama. Lo mbala ubonisa ukuthi i-shrub encane iyabanda, iqome kakhulu, noma ishintshwe yisifo noma inkathazo.
Imbewu ingaba ne-1 noma 2 amahlumela, ubude okufanele bube phakathi kuka-30-40 cm. Amagxolo wesitshalo enempilo kufanele abe monochromatic futhi shiny.
Izimo ezikhulayo
Okokuqala, kufanele uthathe isinqumo endaweni lapho i-shrub izokhula khona: kufanele kahle kahle futhi ilanga. Ukukhula okunethezeka kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-currant "Dachnitsa" kuvunyelwe ukukhanya okulula kuphela. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukungabi khona kwemimoya nemidwebo esakhiweni.
Kungcono ukutshala umhlabathi okhanyayo, okhululekile, owenziwe kancane futhi ovundile. Kulesi simo, inhlabathi ingaba mpofu, kodwa kulokhu, ukulungiswa kokutshala nokufakwa kokugqoka okungokwemvelo, njenge-humus ne-compost, kuyadingeka. Ukusondela kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba akuthandeki. 
Isikhathi nesikimu sokufika
Ochwepheshe batusa ukutshala ama-currants ngasekupheleni kuka-September. Lesi sikhathi sibhekwa njengelungile, ngoba inzalo izoba nesikhathi sokutshala izimpande futhi ivumelane nesimo esisha ngaphambi kokushisa kwezulu.
Funda futhi mayelana nezindlela zokukhiqiza i-black currant nokutshala ubuchwepheshe ekwindla.
Izimbobo zokutshala kufanele zibe ngu-50x50 cm no-30-40 cm ejulile. Ibanga phakathi kwehlathi kufanele libe okungenani 1.5 m. Ibanga elifanayo kufanele ligcinwe phakathi kwemigqa. Ngaphansi kwe-fossa yokufika ubeka ungqimba omncane we-humus noma umquba, 1 tsp. superphosphate kanye nokhuni oluncane, bese ufafazwa umhlaba omnyama. Ngemuva kwalokho, izithombo zifakwa emithonjeni, ziphuziswa kakhulu futhi zithwathwa umhlabathi ozungezile, futhi amahlumela anqunywe ukuze ama-2-3 efihlekile asele.
Ividiyo: isibonelo sokutshala izithombo ze-currant
Izinsisekelo zokunakekelwa kwonyaka
Ukulima okuqhubekayo kwama currants omnyama "i-Dachnitsa" kuhambisana nemithetho elula, okungukuthi ukuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa okufanele. Yini, kanjani futhi nini okudingeka ukwenze - ake sibheke ngemininingwane eminingi.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwe-currant yonyaka: entwasahlobo, ekwindla, ukulungiselela ubusika.
Ukunisela
Izinqubo zamanzi ziyadingeka izitshalo ezincane - zazo amanzi njengoba ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi luma. Nakuba ukuchelela kubalulekile nakakhulu emahlathini asebekhulile, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi se-ovaries kanye ne-fruiting. Ukuntuleka komswakama kungathinta kakhulu ubukhulu kanye nokunambitheka kwezithelo. Ngakho-ke, ngokushesha nje uma uqaphela ukuthi umhlabathi ozungeze isihlahla uyomile, kufanele uchithe lesi sitshalo nge-1.5-2 amabhakede amanzi. Futhi uma izinga lokushisa lomoya liphakeme kakhulu, kuyoba kuhle ukuphalaza amahlumela ngaphandle kwesibhamu se-spray. 
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Izinqubo ezinjalo ezilula nezigunyazayo, ezifana nokukhulula inhlabathi, ukuhluma ukhula kusuka ekukhululeni ukhula kanye nokwethulwa kwe-mulch, kufanele kwenziwe njalo kanye nezihlahla "Zabagadi Bamasimu". Amasiko awabekezeli izindawo zokuhlala nokhula, futhi inhlabathi ewuzungezile kufanele ihlale ilula, ngakho-ke kudingeka ukukhululeka kaningi. Ukuze kugcinwe kangcono umswakama esimisweni sezimpande zezitshalo, kunconywa ukuba umqubuzele phansi emhlabathini ngokuzungezile nge-humus.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Kanye nonyaka, okuwukuthi entwasahlobo, kuyadingeka ukwenza umquba we-nitrogenous. Lokhu kungaba i-urea noma i-ammonium nitrate ngenani lama-50 g wezinto eziphilayo esihlahleni ngasinye.
Uyazi? Akuwona kuphela amajikijolo ayasiza, kodwa futhi amaqabunga amnyama. I-tea kusuka emaqabunga omisiwe noma amasha ale shrub kusiza ukuqeda i-cholesterol, ihlanze imithwalo yegazi futhi ithuthukise umsebenzi wobuchopho. Lokhu kuphuza kuyasiza kakhulu kokubili abadala kanye nezingane.
Ukudubula
Isitshalo esikhishwe ngokushesha ngemva kokutshala kanye nefomu phakathi neminyaka emihlanu yokuqala. Entwasahlobo, cishe wonke amahlumela endala anqanyulwa, ashiya kuphela onamandla kunawo wonke futhi enempilo, futhi abasha abathinti. Ngenxa yalokhu, isihlahla sinezihlumela eziqinile zama-age ezahlukene. 
Ukuze izitshalo ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-5, sebenzisa zonke izintwasahlobo ukusika izihlahla - susa amagatsha abonakalisiwe, abomile namaqhwa.
Funda ukuthi ungayinciphisa kahle kanjani i-currants.
Ukuvikelwa kwamazinga ebusika
Izinhlobonhlobo "Dachnitsa" zibhekisela emakhazeni abandayo, kodwa amahlathi amancane namanje ayadingeka ukuvikela kusuka amaqhwa aqinile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ekwindla ngasekupheleni, kuyadingeka ukuba ugcwale phansi emhlabathini nxazonke ehlathini nge-sawdust, amaqabunga, izinaliti noma ama-humus ukugwema i-hypothermia yesimiso sempande. Uma kulindeleke ubusika obuqhwaqayo nobusika obuncane, kufaneleke ukumboza isihlahla ngokwayo: i-lapnik, i-polyethylene noma i-cardboard izokwenza ngalokhu.
Uyazi? Izihlahla ze-currant zitholakala cishe kuzozonke izingxenye zomhlaba wethu, ngaphandle kwamazwekazi amabili kuphela - i-Antarctica ne-Australia.
Izinzuzo nezinsalela ezihlukahlukene
Ake sibheke okuyinhloko izinzuzo izinhlobo ze-currant ezimnyama "i-Dachnitsa":
- Amajikijolo anamnandi angasetshenziswa fresh futhi asetshenziselwa izikhala.
- Izithelo ezinkulu zezithelo.
- Ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane.
- Isihlahla esinokuhlobisa.
- Ukuphikiswa kwamafutha.
- Ukuvunwa okuqinile.
- Ukuvuthwa kokuqala.
Kuya u-cons Lokhu okuhlukahlukene kungafaka okulandelayo:- ukuphakama okuncane kwesihlahla;
- ngokuvuna okukhulu, amagatsha aguqa, akwazi ukulwa nokulayisha ngokweqile;
- kudinga ukwakhiwa kwehlathi elincane eminyakeni emihlanu yokuqala emva kokutshala;
- Uma ungaphuthelwa umzuzwana futhi ungaqoqi izithelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ziyancipha phansi.
Manje uyazi ukuthi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-currant "i-Dachnitsa" zinamathuba amaningi: ayinakuzithoba ekunakekeleni nasezintweni ezizinzile, futhi amajikijolo ayo anambitheka kakhulu futhi ahlukahlukene. Ubufakazi balokhu yizibuyekezo eziningi ezinhle zabalimi, abakwazi ukuqonda lokhu okuhlukahlukene.
