Njengamanje, inqwaba yezitshalo zangaphandle ziqale ukuvela, okwenza kube lula ukwenza ingadi yembali, ithala noma ingadi engavamile. Ngakho-ke ezindaweni zethu ezakhiweni zaqala ukukhula nge-sunflower yaseMexico, i-dichondra, i-penstemon nezinye izitshalo. Kodwa omunye wabameli abangavamile kuleli qembu ngu-Eucomis.
Incazelo ye-botanical
I-lily engenakuzithoba, ethande ukushisa, ekhula kahle ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezwe lethu. Isihlobo somndeni we-Asparagaceae, siyasijabulisa nge-inflorescences yayo eminingi nobuhle obungavamile.
I-liphayinaphu i-lily is a plant endless bulbous, okuyinto ezindaweni zethu ezivame ukukhula njengendlela yokutshala indlu noma isitshalo segadi. Kuthathwa njengesitshalo se-herbaceous. Ikhula kumamitha angu-1 ukuphakama. Ama-alb of this flower exotic ayinkulu (kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-8 cm ububanzi), abe nomumo wokuthutha nge-system ejulile yezimpande. Uhlelo lwempande luthuthuka ngokushesha, okufanele lucatshangelwe lapho ubhala le mbali, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa imbiza noma imbiza.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze ukhule u-Eucomis njengesitshalo sezindlu, kumele usebenzise ibhodlela ngemigodi futhi ungakhohlwa mayelana nokugeleza. Uma ungahambelani nalezi zidingo, kukhona ukunqwaba komswakama, okungabangela ukubola kwe-bulb.
Amaqabunga akhula avela ku-isibani futhi abe nesimo esifana ne-ribbon. Baqoqwa kwi-rosette. Ukuthinta kunalokho kulula futhi kumnandi. Amanye amaqabunga anezindawo ezimnyama. Ubude bamaqabunga bufinyelela ku-60 cm. 
Lapho kuqala ihlobo phakathi kwe-bulb uqala ukwakha umcibisholo onamandla we-peduncle, onomumo wesibindi. Isiqu esinjalo singafinyelela ku-1 imitha ukuphakama. Kuwo ama-inflorescences amakhulu athola izimbali ezinhlobo zezinkanyezi. Ama-buds angashintsha ngombala kusuka kumhlophe, ukhilimu kuya obubende noma we-lilac. Kwezinye izinhlobo ze-inflorescences zingahlanganisa ama-shades ahlukene.
Zijwayeze ngokutshalwa kwamanye ama-bulb flowers: tulips, hyacinths, iminduze, ama-daffodils, i-poultice, i-allium, i-crocuses, i-crocus ekwindla, i-gladioli.
Ngaphezulu kwe-peduncle, i-cap yakha ama-bracts aluhlaza afana namaqabunga. Yilokho okhethekile imbali eyayinika igama lesibili elithi "i-Ananas Lily". Inkathi yezimbali eziningi ze-Eucomis iwela ngoJuni-Julayi. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo ezingavamile ezikwazi ukuqhuma kuze kufike ngo-September.
Lapho i-inflorescence ikhula, i-ovary yodedari yokujikeleza isakhiwe, lapho kuhlanganiswa khona amabhokisi embewu. Imbewu imnyama noma imnyama. Ziqoqwe ukuze ziphinde zikhiqize i-Eucomis. Uma udala izimo ezihle futhi uhlume kahle i-liphayinaphu lily kusuka embewu, emva kweminyaka emithathu ungakwazi ukujabulela izimbali ezinhle. 
Ukusabalalisa nokuhlala
I-Eukomis homeland yingxenye engeningizimu ye-Afrika. Le mbali yafika eYurophu kuphela ngo-1788. Ngalo nyaka wathola igama lakhe lesayensi kusukela ku-botanist uCharles-Louis Periere de Bruthel. Igama elithi "Eucomis" noma "Eucomis" ekuhunyushweni elisuka kumGreki lasendulo lisho ukuthi "isivunguvungu esihle" noma "sinomsindo omuhle." Kubantu, le mbali iyaziwa kangcono ngokuthi "i-linan lily" noma "i-lily choly".
Uyazi? I-Evcomis ayifuni neze ukuthi ibanjwe emndenini we-Asparagus nomndeni wakwaLilyv (noma ngisho naseHyacinths).
I-Eucomis eyasakazeka kakhulu etholakala eningizimu ye-Afrika, nakumahlathi ashisayo namahlathi aseNingizimu Melika. Ezweni lakithi, likhula kahle emhlabathini ovulekile nasembizeni. Kodwa-ke, i-lift lily ayikwazi ukuchitha ubusika ensimini; ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuyibuyisela ebhodweni njalo ekwindla, bese uyihlwanyisa entwasahlobo.
Izinhlobo ezidumile ze-Eucomis
Lembali inezinhlobo ezingu-14 nezinhlamvu. Kulezi, okuvame kakhulu ukuthi:
- i-dotted (punctata) ngummeleli odume kakhulu walesi siko. Ukuphakama, ikhula ngamamitha ayi-1.5, izimbali ezihlukahlukene ziqoqwe nge-cyst eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Engxenyeni engezansi yamaqabunga ahlanganiswe ama-patches amachashazi, futhi ukuma kwawo kuhambisana;
- i-redbody (purpureicaulis) - Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zenze amaqabunga, amaqabunga abomvu noma aphuzi. Umbala ofanayo wezimbali, kodwa zihlaza;
- ungadluli - ama-inflorescences ayo afana kakhulu nesithelo se-ananas, ane amahlamvu amade nge-belt-like shape. Ku-inflorescence kungaqoqwa ngezimbali ezingaba ngu-50 nezimbali eziningi eziluhlaza;
- ekwindla (autumnalis) - omunye wabamele ama-liphayinaphu anamathele (kuya ku-30 ​​cm). Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kulezi ezihlukahlukene kunemuva kakhulu kunezinye izihlobo (eduze kokuwa). Izimbali zimhlophe, ukhilimu. Isici esihlukile sinekhono lokubekezelela amaqhwa amancane;
- i-bicolor unomhlobiso omkhulu. Umcibisholo ukhula ngamamitha angu-1.5 futhi uhlotshiswe ngezindawo ezibubende. Izimbali nazo zihlanganisa umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuhlanganiswa okubomvu;
- I-Pole Evans (Pole-evansii) - lezi zihlukahlukene zivela phakathi kwezihlobo zayo ezinemibala eluhlaza;
- i-crested (comosa) ingenye yezinhlobo ezidumile kunazo zonke ekulandeleni kwethu. Ifinyelela emitha eli-1 ukuphakama, nobude be-inflorescences buyi-30 cm. Izimbali zinemibala emi-3: i-pink, i-purple ne-greenish. Uma ubheka izimbali ezikude, izimbali ezibomvu zifana kakhulu ne-lilac;
- I-Burgundy ekhazimulayo inezimbali ezinemibala ebomvu noma e-burgundy, futhi amaqabunga ane-tint ebomvu.
Uyazi? Ummeleli omuhle kakhulu we-Eucomis ngokwemibono yama-botanist aseMelika nabalimi yi-Eucomis pallidiflora. Waze wathatha indawo yakhe nodumo ohlwini lwamasiko enhle kunawo wonke aseMelika.
Sebenzisa kumklamo we-landscape
Inani laleli siko libangelwa imibala yalo enhle futhi engavamile, kanye nokubuka okungajwayelekile, okukwazi ukuhlobisa noma iyiphi indawo. Ukutshala i-liphayinaphu i-lily ngokukhethekile emapulazini embali noma izimbiza zokuhlobisa. Uma itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile, kuyadingeka ukuba ucabangele izici zobusika be-Eukomisa ebusika.
Emklamo we-landscape kungcono ukuyisebenzisa njengokwakheka okukodwa. Amafomu angavamile futhi acacile ahlanganiswe nezimbali ezigqamile kanye nezimbali ezide, angahlobisa utshani obuluhlaza noma anikeze ingadi yasebusika yokuqala. 
Uma i-Eucomis isetshenziselwa umhlobiso wokuhlobisa ensimini yetshe, ukukhanya kwayo okukhanyayo kuzosiza ukugcizelela ubuhle obukhulu bamatshe. Leli funga lihlanganiswa kahle nama-conifers noma izitshalo zomhlabathi ezihlaza. Ngokuvame ukuhlanganiswa ne-gerbera, i-alissum, i-lobelia noma i-geyher.
Funda indlela yokuklama i-landscape e-dacha.
Ukukhula nokunakekela izitshalo
Ukuze ujabulele ubuhle bama-liphayinaphu, kufanele uqaphele ngokukhethekile izimo zokuqukethwe kwayo. Phela, ubuhle obungavamile abuhambisani nezimo zethu zezulu.
Izimo zokuboshwa
Ibhubhu le-likhokhokkov lily lifana ne-gladiolus. Ububanzi, cishe ngo-5-8 cm. Ukufika kwe-Eucomis kungaqala ngoMashi noma ngo-Ephreli. Ukutshala sebenzisa ibhodlela noma ibhodlela. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukutshala i-bulb eyodwa esitsheni. Ezindaweni eziseningizimu yezwe, ama-bulb ale mbali angatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile, kodwa kungcono ukwenza lokhu lapho umhlaba ushisa, (ekuqaleni kukaMeyi). Uma utshala, i-tip ye-bulb kufanele ikhule ngaphezu kwenhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukhula i-Eucomis ezimweni zamakamelo, kuyadingeka ukhethe ibhodlela noma imbiza enkulu ngokwanele, ngoba uhlelo lwempande lwesitshalo luya ngokushesha kakhulu.
Kusukela ku-bulb kukhula i-rosette yamaqabunga, khona-ke kukhona umcibisholo omkhulu futhi onamandla wezimbali. Kuwo kwakhiwa ama-inflorescences afana nokubonakala kwe-ananas. I-inflorescence iqukethe izimbali eziningi ngendlela efana nezinkanyezi. Izimbali kancane kancane ziyaqhakaza phezulu. Umbala wezimbali uxhomeke ezinhlobonhlobo ze-Eucomis. Umcibisholo ophethe imbali ovela phezulu ukhanyiswa ukuqaliswa kwebracts, okuvame ukudideka ngamaqabunga. 
Ngenkathi yezimbali eziningi, isitshalo sidinga ilanga, ukufudumala nokuphuza njalo. Ukuthatha indawo ye-kilera ye-cholera indawo, kungcono ukhethe indawo enelanga, kepha ekushiseni okudinga kakhulu kuyadingeka i-penumbra, ezoyivikela emisebenzini evuthayo yelanga. Uma unquma ukutshala imbali ekhaya, bese uyibeka efasiteleni eliseningizimu.
Kodwa-ke, njengommeli wezitshalo ezingavamile, i-Eukomis ayithandi ama-drafts, ngakho-ke khetha indawo engcono kuyo. Futhi kudingekile ukuvikela i-linan elily kusuka emswakeni.
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokufunda ngemibala engavamile kakhulu yomhlaba.
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sase-Eucomis siphelela izinyanga ezingu-2-2.5. Ngokuvamile, isikhathi sezimbali eziningi ziwela ngoJuni-Julayi. Imifino ekhanyayo iyafa kancane kancane, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo isitshalo asilahlekelwa isikhalazo sayo sokuhlobisa. Emabhokisini wezinhlamvu ezivuthiwe ezinde. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwembewu, lesi sitshalo siya esiteji sokuphumula. Uma ulungiselela imbali ebusika, imbewu kufanele iqoqwe, amahlamvu kufanele ahlulwe, futhi isibhamu kufanele sitshalwe (uma isitshalo sakhula ensimini) noma ubeke ibhodlela egumbini lapho i-Eucomis izovikelwa khona ebusika.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokubusika nge-Eucomis yiphakheji ekhonjiwe lapho kungekho mhlabathi. Uma ushiya i-bulb ebhodweni ekamelweni lokushisa, i-liphayinaphu liyophinde ibe nesikhathi sokuphumula esihle, kanti ngo-Mashi amahlumela amasha namahlumela azoqala ukuvela.
Ngokwesilinganiso, ukulinda kokuphila kwe-Eucomis kungu-4-5 iminyaka.
Umhlabathi nomanyolo
Inhlabathi ekahle ingumxube wenhlabathi, ishlabathi ne-humus. Inani lazo zonke izingxenye zengxube kufanele kube ngu-1: 1. Lapho ama-bulb efakwe emhlabathini, ukushintsha kwesilinganiso futhi kwenza izingxenye ezingu-3 zenhlabathi ene-woody kanye nengxenye engu-1 yesihlabathi esiqhekekile ne-peat (noma i-humus). Futhi wavumela ingxube yomhlaba kusukela ensimini ngesihlabathi ngesilinganiso se-4: 1. Ubuningi be-acid kumele bube ngu-5.6-7.4 pH.
Esikhathini sokukhula, ubuhle obungavamile abukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle komanyolo. Kubalulekile ukuqala ukufaka umquba e-Eukomis ngesikhathi sokuhluma noma emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga ayisikhombisa okuqala. Isetshenzisiwe ngesikhathi esisodwa emavikini amabili. Izitshalo ziqhutshwa njalo phakathi nenkathi yezimbali.
Kubalulekile! Uma usebenzisa umanyolo we-Eucomis, kuyadingeka ukhethe ngokucophelela umanyolo, ngoba awubekezeli i-nitrogen (ingabangela izifo ze-bulb).
Ukunisela nokuswakama
Emva kokutshala ama-bulb kuze kuvele amaqabunga okuqala, ukuchelela kufanele kube mncane. Ikhula kancane kancane ngokubonakala komcibisholo wezimbali. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, i-Eucomis idinga ukuchelela okuningi. Ehlobo, inhlabathi kufanele ihlale imanzi. Kudingeka amanzi kuphela afudumele (hhayi emthonjeni). 
Lapho i-liphayinaphu likhahla ukuqhakaza, ukuchelela kunciphise, futhi ngo-September kuyeka ngokuphelele. Ukunisela kufanele kumile nokubonakala kwamaqabunga aphuzi. Lesi yisigaba sokuqala sokulungiselela ubusika.
I-Eucomis ithanda ukukhuphuka emoyeni (80%) noma okungenani okuphakathi (50-70%). Ibhodlela elinembali exotic kungcono ukufaka itreyi ngobumba obumanzi. Uyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezinzima, kodwa ngeke akhululeke.
Uhlobo lokushisa
U-Evkomis uthanda isimo sezulu esifudumele futhi ukhula kahle emazingeni okushisa kusuka ku- +20 kuya ku-+25 degrees. Ngesikhathi sokubanda ubusika, kungakwazi ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa kuze kufike ku-+5 degrees kuphela uma i-bulb imbali phezu kwama-winters ebhodweni. Uma i-bulb idonswa emhlabathini, ke phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula kufanele ibe seqandisini ekushiseni kwama-10 degrees.
Flower ukukhiqizwa
Esikhathini sokukhula, i-Eukomis inganda ngezindlela ezimbili: kusuka kumbewu kanye nemifino. Ake sicabangele lezi zindlela ngokuningiliziwe.
Imbewu
Le ndlela yokukhiqiza ekhaya cishe cishe ayikho indawo. Kungenxa yokuzalana, ngaphandle kwalokho, i-lilyan phaly izoqhakaza iminyaka engu-3-4 emva kokutshala. Imbewu ithathwa ngabalimi emva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuvuna (ngoSepthemba). 
Emva kokuvuna, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha emhlabathini wezakhi, ngoba ngenkathi isitoreji amathuba abo okuhluma sinciphisa kakhulu. Uma ukhula u-Eucomis kusuka kumbewu, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole imbali entsha, ezohluka ngokuphawulekayo isitshalo somama. Ukunakekela imbewu ehlwanyelayo kufana nesitshalo somuntu omdala.
Vegetative
Indlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokukhiqiza i-cholereum lily, ngoba amathuba okuhluma ayanda kakhulu futhi isitshalo siyofana ne-flower donor. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Eucomis esikhathini sokukhula okuchichima, izinsana zakhiwa nge-bulb. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukuhlukanisa izingane ezisuka ku-isibani ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Ngalendlela yokukhiqiza zonke izici zembali zigcinwa.
Kubalulekile! Ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa kwezinqubo ezivela ku-bulb umzali, ufafaza indawo yokuhlukaniswa ngamakha amalaphu okubunjiwe. Lokhu kuzovikela imbali kusuka ezinhlamvu ze-fungal.
I-lily e-crested ingabuye yande ngokusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlukanisa iqabunga kusukela e-bulb. Ihlukaniswe ibe izingxenye ze-5 cm. Izithelo eziphethwe zihlanganiswe enxenyeni yesihlabathi futhi zikhishwe ngamaphesenti ama-2.5 cm.
Imbiza nge-cuttings ihlanganiswe ifilimu futhi igcinwe ekamelweni elinokushisa kwama-+20 degrees, futhi ukukhanyisa kufanele kwahlukaniswa. Kudingeka izikhathi eziningana ngeviki ukukhipha amanzi kancane kancane. Kakade emva kwezinyanga ezingu-2-2.5, i-anyanisi yenziwa ngaphansi kwesinqunyiwe. Ama-anyanisi anjalo angatshala ezitsheni ezihlukene.
Izinkinga ezinokwenzeka ekukhuleni
Enye yezinkinga umlimi angabhekana nazo ukubola kwe-bulb. Ukugwema isiphetho esinjalo kungaba nesitoreji esifanele se-Eukomika ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Entwasahlobo nehlobo, kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho yokunisela, ukugwema umswakama oqhubekayo.
Ukugcina kahle imbali exotic ebusika kusikisela ukuthi kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili. Okukhethwa kukho kuqala kuhlanganisa ukudlula ama-bulb ebhodweni, okugcinwa ekushiseni okuphansi (+ 5-10 degrees). Kulokhu, noma yikuphi ukuphuza imbali kukhishwe. Indlela yesibili ihlanganisa ukumba i-anyanisi emhlabathini. Emva kwalokho ihlanzwa kusuka ezimpandweni ezomile. I-bulb ye-Eucomis igcinwa esiqandisini, isebenzisa isihlabathi sesikhwama noma isikhwama seplastiki. 
I-Eukomis bulb emva kobusika Njengoba inqubo yokukhula, abalimi bangathola ukuphuzila kokushisa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Lokhu kubangelwa ukudlula kwamanzi. Uma uqaphela ukuthi i-linan lily yakho iqala ukuphuziza, kufanele udambise ukuchelela okungenani. Kufanelekile ukumba i-anyanisi futhi uyihlolele ukuba khona kokubola. Lapho bebona izindawo ezibolile, badinga ukususwa.
Sikululeka ukuthi uthole ukuthi ungakhula kanjani izitshalo ezingavamile ku-dacha: i-callistemon, incwajana, i-hymenocallis, i-strelitzia.
Enye inkathazo ekwenzeni ukukhula kwe-Eucomis ingase ihlotshaniswe nezimbali ezingakafiki. Uma sekufike isikhathi sokuvuna, futhi lesi sitshalo asizange sikhiphe umcibisholo ophethe imbali, lokhu kungachazwa ukushisa okuphansi noma ukungabi nokukhanya.
Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela
I-Eucomis iboniswa izinambuzane nezifo ezihlukahlukene. Izinambuzane eziyinhloko kule mbali ziyizinambuzane ze-spider, i-mealybugs, i-aphid nama-whiteflies. Kungenzeka ukuqeda izinambuzane ezinjalo ngokucubungula ngamanzi asozini noma ngezindlela ezikhethekile ezithengiswa ezitolo zezimbali.
I-bulb ingase ibe ngaphansi kokubola ngenxa yokuphuza okungalungile noma ukungahambisani nemibandela yokugcina. Ngakho-ke, i-Eucomis idinga ukunakekelwa okufanele hhayi kuphela ekukhuleni okukhulayo, kodwa nangesikhathi sokuphumula. 
I-liphayinaphu lily isitshalo esingenakuzithoba esingakwazi ukuhlobisa noma iyiphi indawo. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Eucomis ku-landscape design ikuvumela ukuba ugcizelele ubuhle ngisho nendawo engabonakali kakhulu yomhlaba. Ezingxenyeni zethu, imbali exotic ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, okwenza sikwazi ukuyikhulisa ngisho nakumlimi we-novice.
Ukuhlaziya ukulima
