I-Parthenocarpic ikhukhamba izinhlobo

Indlela yokutshala nokukhula ukhukhamba "Konke ukuba nomona"

Ikhukhamba ngegama elingavamile nelithembisayo - "Wonke umuntu abe nomona we-f1" - iyintandokazi ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasehlobo ezinokuhlangenwe nakho okungafani kwezimila ezikhulayo. Le hybrid inezinzuzo eziningi, phakathi kwazo, okuyiqiniso, isivuno esikhulu. Ngokwezibuyekezo zabalimi abanolwazi, inqubo yezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali iyathandeka ngobuhle, futhi inani lokuvuna lihlaba umxhwele ngempela - cabanga ngezici zalezi ukhukhamba kulesi sihloko.

Incazelo ehlukahlukene

Ikhukhamba izinhlobo "Wonke umuntu umona" ukuzitholela impova, ukukhulelwa ngempumelelo ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, ngaphansi kwefilimu kanye nasemhlabathini ovulekile, kungakhula futhi emkhathini noma ewindini. Amahlumela aphakathi nesikhombisa akhula kakhulu futhi ahle kakhulu, enza ama-ovaries angu-6 kulezi zindawo.

Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko ngaphezu kweminye imikhiqizo yindlela yokukhula i-hybride ezimweni eziphansi zokukhanya: ikhukhamba inika izithelo eziphakeme ngisho nalapho itshalwe ezindaweni ezisebusweni zensimu yemifino.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezinikezwe zinamagugu angenakuphikwa:

  • self-pollinating, okusho ukuqubuka akuxhomeke ekubeni khona kwezinambuzane zokuvuthwa;
Izinhlobonhlobo ezizimele zihlanganisa "Cedric", "Amacici e-Emerald", "Hector", "Isigqoko saseSiberia", "Ecole".
  • unikeza izithelo eziphakeme eziqinile;
  • ihluke ekukhuliseni isikhathi eside (kuze kufinyelele ku-frosts);
  • ukumelana nezinye izinambuzane nezifo ezivamile;
  • ibekezelela ukushisa okuphansi nokuphakeme;
  • ukuvuna kungasetshenziswa esimweni esisha nesisetshenzisiwe;
  • ingahlwanyelwa njengesitshalo sekhaya;
  • isivuno sibonakala ngezinga elihle lokugcina nokuthutha.

Phakathi kokungalungi okungenzeka ukuthi kukhona izindleko eziphakeme zokutshala impahla, kanye nokuhluleka ukuzitholela imbewu eyedwa ekhaya. Ezinye izinkinga eziveziwe zalezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-hybrid ayitholakali.

Uyazi? Ngenxa yokuthi ukhukhamba zivame ukuqoqwa kakhulu, okwakhiwa nje kuphela kusuka e-ovary, bathola igama labo lesibili - iZelentsy.

Izithelo nezivuno

Lokhu okuhlukahluka kubhekisela ekuvuthweni kokuqala - izithelo zivela ezinsukwini ezingama-45-50 emva kokutshala. Umkhiqizo wezinhlobonhlobo ungama-pcs angu-400. ukhukhamba ovela esihlahleni esisodwa, okungaba ngu-40 kg / sq. m, futhi kancane kancane kuncike ezimweni zesimo sezulu, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo.

Izinhlobonhlobo yi-hybrid, ngoba izihlahla ziphikisana kakhulu nezilokazane, izifo, izimo ezimbi zemvelo, kuhlanganise nokushisa okuphansi kakhulu noma okuphezulu.

Izithelo zitholakala ngesimo esiyi-cylindrical, kusukela ku-8 ukuya ku-13 cm ubude, isisindo sichaza phakathi kwamagremu angu-80 kuya ku-100, zidwetshwe ngombala ohlaza ogcwele, ngokusakaza ngokulinganisela, nge-spikes emhlophe.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezichazweyo zinesikhumba esiphundu kakhulu futhi esinomsoco futhi sikhuphukile, ngakho-ke kuphelele ukusetshenziswa okusha, kanye nokukhethwa, ukucheka nokukhethwa.

Funda indlela yokukhamba kanye nokukhamba ukhukhamba, kanye nendlela yokwenza ukhukhamba osawoti ephaketheni, ukhukhamba osikiwe ebusika, isaladi lamakhukhamba.

Ukukhethwa kwezithombo

Uma uthenga izithombo zekhukhamba ezenziwe ngomumo, kufanele ukhethe ngokucophelela ukutshala izinto. Ikhwalithi yayo inquma izinga lokusinda nokukhiqiza.

Izindinganiso ezijwayelekile lapho ukhetha izithombo zekhukhamba:

  • okufanelekile ukuthenga izithombo eneminyaka engu-1;
  • ukuphakama kwesitshalo kufanele kube ngu-25-30 cm;
  • ubude obuvela emgodini wezimpande kuya kuma-cotyledons akufanele kube ngaphezu kwama-5 cm; ubukhulu be-seedling kufanele bube ngaphansi kuka-5-10 mm;
  • inani lamaqabunga lihluka kusuka ku-5 ukuya ku-6;
  • ama-internodes afushane;
  • Ngokuvamile, isiqu sibonakala siqinile, sigwetshwe ohlaza okomnyama;
  • uhlelo lwempande lusetshenziswe kahle, lusebumbeni lonke, kungekhozindawo zokubola noma iphunga elimnandi.

Kubalulekile! Akufanele uthenge izithombo ezibuthakathaka kakhulu, ezibuthakathaka ngamaqabunga alula futhi angajwayelekile. Lokhu kubonakala kubonisa ukuphulwa kwemikhuba yezolimo.

Izimo ezidingekayo zokukhula

Naphezu kokukhuthazela okukhulu nokungahloniphi kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene, kusekhona izimo ezithile, lapho ungathola khona isivuno esicebile kakhulu:

  1. Ukukhanyisa Khulisa kahle ezindaweni ze-pritennyh nasezindaweni ezinokukhanya kwelanga ngqo, ngenkathi ungashiswa.
  2. Ukushisa Kubalulekile ukuhlwanyela imbewu kuphela ngemva kokushisa kwama-frost ebusuku, izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi kufanele libe ngu-15 ° C, emva kokuhluma umbuso wokushisa ophakathi kuka-20-25 ° C kubhekwa njengendlela efanele.
  3. Ukunisela Udinga izikhathi ezingu-3 ngosuku ngesonto.
  4. Ukudla. Phakathi nesikhathi sokwakheka kwesithelo futhi emva kokuvuna kokuqala izihlahla zidinga ukuxhaswa okuxubile nokuqukethe i-nitrogen.

Izithombo ezikhulayo

Uma unquma ukukhula ukhukhamba ngokuzimela ngokuphelele, udinga ukuqala ngokulungiselela izithombo. Le nqubo inezici zayo: imbewu idinga ukulungiswa, ukutshala kahle, ukudala izimo ezifanele, futhi emva kokuhluma ukuhlinzeka ngokunakekelwa okwanele.

Izimo zokuboshwa

Kubalulekile ukukhulisa izithombo ezinzimbini ezincane ezihlukene, isibonelo, ngamapupha epulasitiki noma e-peat, imbewu engu-1-2 ngayinye, ngoba ngokuvamile ikhukhamba izwela kakhulu ezindaweni ezishintshayo futhi iphendula ngokuqinile ekufakweni.

Funda ukuthi ungakhula kanjani izithombo kumakhasethi, ezinhlakeni.

Ukuze ulungise inhlabathi kufanele ixutshwe ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo, i-peat, ishlabathi nenhlabathi. Kubuye kubalulekile ukugcina isikhathi sokutshala imbewu: isikhathi esiphezulu kakhulu yisikhathi kusukela eminyakeni eyishumi yesibili ka-Ephreli kuze kube sekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi yokuqala kaMeyi.

Ukulungiselela imbewu nokuhlwanyela

Kunconywa ukusebenzisa imbewu ezithengwa esitolo, njengokungathi ukuqoqa imbewu kusuka enhlobonhlobo kuyoba nemathuba ambalwa kakhulu ukuthola izithelo ezinezici ezifanayo ngonyaka ozayo. Izithelo ezinhle zikhombisa imbewu eneminyaka engu-3-4 yerefriji.

Kodwa ngokujwayelekile, ngokwemigomo yokugcina, ungasebenzisa imbewu kuze kube yiminyaka engu-10.

Kubalulekile! Imbewu yezimboni ayinqunyelwe i-disinfected futhi ilungele ngokugcwele ukutshala, ngoba uma uthenga izinto zokutshala, akudingeki ukuba uphathwe ngaphambi kwezinambuzane. Izitshalo ezenziwe ngamanzi kufanele zenziwe nge-disinfected kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate.

Ngaphambi kokufika, kubalulekile ukufeza izinto ezinjalo:

  • cwilisa imbewu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukumboza izinto zokutshala kwendwangu emanzi izinsuku ezimbalwa. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indwangu njalo ihlala i-hydrated;
  • kanzima ngaphambi kokutshala. Le nqubo yenza imbewu izinze futhi iqine. Kudingeka ukuhambisa indwangu ngembewu ehlanganiswe endaweni ebandayo izinsuku ezimbili, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngu-0 ... + 2 ° С. Ngemuva kwenqubo, imbewu kufanele itshalwe emabhodini ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukujula kokubeka imbewu yi-1-2 cm, emva kwalokho izindebe zidinga ukumbozwa ngefilimu futhi zishiye ekushiseni kuka-22-28 ° C. Lapho kufika izithombo zokuqala, izinga lokushisa liyancipha libe yi-20 ° С. Indawo enezithombo kufanele ifakwe kahle, ngokuntuleka kokukhanya kwemvelo, ukukhanyisa okwenziwe kufanele kuhlinzekwe.

Ngaphambi kokuba izithombo zivele, imbewu kufanele iphuze njalo ngelinye ilanga; amanzi kuphela ashisayo okushisa angashisa angasetshenziswa.

Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo

Ukunakekela kahle izithombo kuyisihluthulelo sezithombo eziqinile futhi ezinempilo, ezizogxila enhlabathini. Izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukukhanya okwanele, ubude bemini kufanele kube amahora angu-10-12.

Amahlumela adinga ukuchelela nsuku zonke, izidingo zamanzi zifana nokunakekelwa kwembewu. Ukuqaphela le mithetho elula kuzokuvumela ukuba uthole izithombo eziluhlaza ezikhanyayo ezineziqu ezinzima.

Ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini kubalulekile ukufutheka izithombo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele kuthathwe emoyeni omusha, kusukela emaminithi angu-30 ngosuku futhi kancane kancane ukwandisa isikhathi. Indawo yangaphandle kufanele ivule kancane.

Ngemva kwenyanga kusukela ekutshaleni imbewu, izithombo zingatshala enhlabathini engunaphakade. Ngalesi sikhathi, bathola ukubukeka esikuchazile esigabeni ekukhethweni kwezithombo.

Agrotechnics ukulima nokunakekela ikhukhamba

Okulandelayo, sizocubungula ngokuningiliziwe inqubo yokukhulisa ikhukhamba ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene-kuya-umona, kufaka phakathi izimo ezijwayelekile zokuboshwa, izici zokufakelwa kanye nokuhlwanyela imbewu ngqo emhlabathini, ama-nuances okunakekelwa, imithetho yokuvuna nokugcina isivuno.

Izimo zangaphandle

Izimo ezijwayelekile zokutshala izitshalo ezivulekile:

  1. Ukukhanyisa Ukhukhamba usabela kahle kakhulu ekukhanyeni, kodwa-ke, lezi zinhlobo ze-hybrid zikhula kahle ezindaweni ezingezansi.
  2. Ukunisela Ukhukhamba udinga ukuchelela njalo ngamanzi afudumele.
  3. Indawo Awukwazi ukutshala ukhukhamba ezindaweni eziphansi, lapho kuqoqwa umswakama kanye nomoya obandayo. Izinhlobonhlobo ezichazwe kufanelekile ukutshala ukushisa nokushisa emhlabathini ovulekile. Kubalulekile futhi ukulandela imithetho yokujikeleza kwezitshalo, okuzoxoxwa kamuva.
  4. Ukushisa Ukushisa okukhulu kunaphakathi + 22-25 ° C.
  5. Ukutshala izithombo. Kuye ngezimo zezulu zesifunda, izikhathi zayo zilandelayo: kusukela maphakathi no-May kuya phakathi noJuni, lapho umhlaba uqhuma kuze kufike ku-15 ° С nangaphezulu.

Uyazi? IziSlav zaseMpumalanga zazihlonishwa "zangempela" ukhukhamba, kodwa eYurophu babethanda imifino enhle kakhulu, ngakho ukhukhamba abanezintambo babizwa imifino "ihembe laseRussia".

Izidingo zomhlaba

Umhlabathi wamakhukhamba kufanele ube obala - lesi siko sithuthuke kahle kakhulu enhlabathini engathathi hlangothi, enomsoco, ephefumulayo. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa umanyolo (umquba wenkomo) ngesilinganiso se-10-15 kg ngehora elilodwa le-sq. Km. m

Kungcono ukutshala ukhukhamba emva kwezitshalo ezinjalo: izitshalo eziqukethe umquba ohlaza, i-early and cauliflower, i-tablets beet, ama-leeks ajwayelekile, utamatisi namazambane.

Njengengcosana yezitshalo ezifana ne-rye, i-buckwheat, i-alfalfa, i-phacelia, isinaphi, ukudlwengula, i-clover enhle, ama-oats asetshenzisiwe.

Awukwazi ukutshala lesi sitshalo ngemuva kokwanda kwamanye amakhabe. Isakhiwo lapho amakhukhamba ahlonyelwe khona angatshalwa ngamakhukhamba futhi angaphambilini kuneminyaka engama-3-4.

Inqubo yokutshala nokufakelwa kabusha emhlabathini ovulekile

Okulandelayo, sibheka indlela yokutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile, kanye nokuhlwanyela imbewu ngendlela eqondile.

Ukutshala izithombo phansi

Iphethwe kusukela engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi, kanti ukhukhamba idinga indawo yokuhlala. Kusukela ngoJuni ekuqaleni, indawo yokukhosela ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa. Isikimu sokutshala sibonakala kanje: 15x60 cm. Kubalulekile ukwenza izimbobo, ususe ngokucophelela isitshalo etafuleni, ulijule emgodini, ulifake bese ulifafaza ngomhlaba. Khona-ke izithombo zifakwe ngokucophelela ezisekelweni.

Ukutshala ngokuqondile imbewu emhlabathini

Le ndlela inikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu ezindaweni ezifudumele. Kuye ngezimo zezulu, ukufika kungase kuqhubeke kusukela maphakathi no-May kuya phakathi noJuni. Kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe ukutshala ezindaweni eziningana: lokhu kuzosindisa izitshalo uma kunezingqimba ezinzima, kanye nokwandisa isikhathi se-fruiting.

Inhlabathi ngesikhathi sokutshala kumele ifudumele kufika ku-15 ° С. Beka imbewu idinga ukujula kwe-1.5-2 cm, ibanga eliphakathi kwehlathi lifika ku-15-20 cm, phakathi kwemibhede - cishe ngamasentimitha angu-65. Ekupheleni kwensimu okudingayo ukumboza impahla yefilimu.

Ukunisela nokuswakama

Ukunisela kufanele kube okulinganayo futhi okuvamile. Kungcono ukuphuza imibhede ngemifino izikhathi 3-4 ngeviki, kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqhubekele izinga lokungcola komhlabathi, izinga lokushisa kwemvelo emini nasebusuku. Isimo sezulu esibanda futhi esinamafu, kanye nenkathi yemvula, ukuchelela kunciphisa noma kuyeka okwesikhashana.

Ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukushisa kunokwenzeka ukuphuza amaqabunga, futhi kusihlwa, ngaphambi kokuqala kokupholisa, bayidlulisela ngaphansi kwempande. Amanzi, uma kunesidingo, kufanele athiswe kuze kube ngu-24-28 ° C, ukushisa akukwazi ukusetshenziswa.

Kubalulekile! Uma ukhula ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa, emva kokuphuza igumbi kumele kube umoya.

Umbuso wokuswakama ngezikhathi ezahlukene zokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo:

  • ngaphambi kokunisela - ukuchelela nsuku zonke, 1 l ehlathini;
  • kusukela ekwakhiweni kwama-ovari ukuya phakathi kwe-fruiting - ukuchelela kwenzeka njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-2-3, 10 l ngesikwele. m;
  • kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya ekupheleni kwenkathi - imvamisa yokunisela iyancipha ibe yisikhathi 1 ngesonto, idliwe kuze kufike ku-5 amalitha ngomitha wesikwele ngasinye. m

Umhlaba ukhulula, weeding, mulching

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhulula inhlabathi emva kokuhluma, bese uphinda inqubo njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-10. Njengoba izimpande zamakhukhamba zisondela eduze, kubalulekile ukufeza yonke into ngokucophelela ngenhlabathi ukuze ungaphazamise uhlelo lwempande.

Ungakwazi ukukhipha nge-pitchforks, uzifake emhlabathini phakathi kwemibhede ngaphandle kokupheqa nokunye ukunyakaza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, singakwazi ukufeza isiliva. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama wenhlabathi futhi uvimbele ukukhula kwekhula, ukuhlanganiswa kuzoba ngempumelelo kakhulu.

Ngemuva kokunisela, inhlabathi emanzi kufanele ihlanganiswe ne-sawdust noma utshani olusha.

Ukuphoqa

Isidlo sinconywa nganoma iyiphi indlela yokukhukhamba okukhulayo yalezi ezihlukahlukene. Le nqubo ikuvumela ukuba uthole isivuno ekuqaleni nangokwengeziwe. Kubalulekile ukusika ngokucophelela amahlumela ukuze ungalimazi isiqu esiyinhloko nezimbali. Kudingekile ukususa amahlumela ohlangothini ngobukhulu bawo obuba ngu-5-6 cm.

Kubalulekile! Khipha ngokugcwele ama-stepsons awukwazi, ngoba afake izimbali zesifazane sesitshalo - ukususa, unganciphisa kakhulu ukuphumelela kwempova.

Ibhande le-Garter

Ngeshwa, isidingo sekhukhamba esishisayo ekusekeleni kuvame ukunganakwa yizakhamuzi zasehlobo. Kodwa lesi sitshalo sixhaphaza kakhulu, sinamathele kunoma yikuphi ukusekelwa noma kunini lapho kunokwenzeka, futhi uma ingatholi lokho, ngokuvamile iyancipha ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi inciphise i-fruiting.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba usebenzise i-garter, uma ukhula ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile.

Ngosizo lobuchwepheshe obulula, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole ama-ovari amaningi, futhi ngokufanele, izithelo, ukunciphisa ukutheleleka ngezifo ezifakwe emangcwabeni, ukusebenzisa kahle ngokwengeziwe isikhala esakhiweni bese uqinisekisa inqubo ekhululekile yokuvuna nokunakekela izihlahla.

Uma ukhula imifino endle, ungasebenzisa lezi zindlela zokugqoka:

  • ngokuqondile - eduze kwemiphetho yemibhede ezimbili zesekela eziqinile zifakiwe, lapho izintambo ezingezansi zihanjisiwe khona. Izisekelo kumele zibe phezulu ngokwanele, kungenjalo isitshalo sizohlala phansi bese sakha isithunzi lapho sifinyelela ibha eliphezulu;
  • enezingqimba - izinsika ezimbili nazo zakhiwa emaphethelweni ombhede, intambo eyodwa enezingqimba ihlukaniswe phakathi kwabo, lapho izintambo (ucingo) ziwela khona ehlathini ngalinye;
  • imeshini - indlela elula: igridi ifakwe eceleni kombhede futhi isihlahla sinenkululeko ephelele yokugqoka.

Njengoba kutshalwa ukushisa, ama-ukhukhamba nawo adinga ukuboshwa ukuze amahlathi athole ukukhanya kwelanga, futhi ukuze avimbele ukubola. Ungakhetha noma yiziphi izindlela ezingenhla noma ukwakha i-trellis ekhethekile yezihlahla.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Izitshalo zingamaminerali futhi eziphilayo, kanye nezimpande nama-foliar. Ukukhulelwa kwenzeka ezinkathini eziningana kulo lonke umjikelezo wokuphila wehlathi lekhukhamba. Esigabeni ngasinye, ungasebenzisa ukuphakelayo okuhlukile.

  1. Ngigqoke 2 amasonto emva kokufika. Ungasebenzisa umquba ophilayo. Ukudonsa imfuyo kuthathwa ngesilinganiso esingu-1:15, futhi umquba wezinkomo noma wehhashi - ngo-1: 6. Izitshalo kudingeka zibe empandeni, kusihlwa ngemva kokuchelela okuningi.
  2. II ukudla kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwezimbali. Ungenza kokubili izimpande nokugqoka ama-foliar. Okokuqala kufanelekile ngesimo sezulu esishisayo, futhi uma ihlobo lipholile, kutuswa ukuba usebenzise isicelo samafolda. Amaminerali amaminerali, umlotha ohlanganiswe namanzi unikeza umphumela omuhle kakhulu: 1 litre lamanzi, 1 inkomishi yezinto zokusetshenziswa. Ukuze ulungiselele ingxube ye-foliar, ungasebenzisa i-superphosphate: 35 g ngalinye ngo-10 l.
  3. Ukudla kuka-III no-IV bawe ngesikhathi sokuhluma ukugcina isitshalo nokwandisa isikhathi sokukhiqiza. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umlotha uphinde unikeze imiphumela emihle, noma i-urea ingasetshenziswa ngesilinganiso esingu-15 g ngalinye ngamalitha angu-10 ketshezi.

Kubalulekile! Akekho icala ngeke perebarschiv nge zokugqoka, ngaphandle kwalokho kungaba ukubhubhisa izitshalo. Uma inhlabathi ensimini yakho ikhule futhi isivuno siphezulu, unganciphisa inani lokugqoka kuya ku-1-2 ngesinye isikhathi.

Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela

Njengoba sibonile ngenhla, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinokuphikisana okukhulu nazo zonke izinambuzane nezifo ezivamile. Ngakho-ke, amahlumela awanakathinteka yizimpande zokubola, i-powdery isikhutha, i-mosaic kanye ne-spotting ezinikezwa imikhuba efanele yokulima.

Ukuze kuvikelwe izifo, kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo zokunakekelwa: ugcine umbuso wokuswakama futhi usebenzise amanzi alungisiwe, landela imithetho yokujikeleza kwezitshalo kanye nesikhathi sokutshala.

Ukuze ukwelashwa kwe-prophylactic wehlathi usebenzise umkhiqizo wezinto eziphilayo "u-Trichodermin" ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo, enomphumela we-bactericidal and fungicidal.

Ukuvuna nokugcina

Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo ezinhlobonhlobo "Konke ukuba nomona" kwenzeka ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-45-50 kusukela ngesikhathi sokutshala. Kuye lapho ufika khona, ungakwazi ukuqoqa ukhukhamba wamasayizi ahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ulondolozwe, kungcono ukukhetha izithelo zika-8-10 cm, ngoba ezinye zokupheka izinto ezincane kakhulu eziluhlaza zidingeka - cishe u-4 cm ubude.

Ukusetshenziswa okusha, izithelo zika-10-12 cm ubude zivunwa. Akunakwenzeka neze ukuqeda, ukudonsa noma ukuguqula isitshalo ngesikhathi sokuvuna. Kubalulekile ukusika ikhukhamba ngokucophelela ngommese obukhali, ushiye isiqu egatsheni.

Isimiso esiyisisekelo ekukhethweni kwekhukhamba izitshalo njalo. Akuvumelekile ukuqoqa iZelentsy ngezikhathi ezithile noma izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ukutholakala kwezithelo njalo ngosuku. Kungcono ukuqoqa izithelo ekuseni noma kusihlwa.

Amakhukhamba amasha agcinwa isikhathi eside. Lapho ukushisa kwangaphandle sekusele ngosuku lwesibili, bayolahlekelwa ezinye izakhi, ukubonakala kwabo kuzoqala ukuwohloka, futhi ilanga lizoqala ukuphela ngemva kwamahora ambalwa.

Kungcono ukugcina izithelo ekushiseni kuka-6 ... + 8 ° C kanye nomswakama wezingu-90%, emiphongolweni emabhokisini noma esiqandisini ezingxoxweni zepulasitiki ezingahlanganisiwe kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-10-14. Izithelo azikwazi ukugeza ngaphambi kokugcina.

Izinkinga nezincomo ezingenzeka

Izinhlobonhlobo ezichazweyo zihlukaniswa ukungathobeki nokukhuthazela okuhle, noma kunjalo, ngeziphambeko ekunakekeleni, ngezinye izikhathi izinkinga ezinjalo zingavela:

  • ukufutheka kunambitha. Ingase ivele ngokuntuleka kokuswakama. Ukuze uketshezi udinga ukusebenzisa amanzi ashisayo afudumele futhi unisela kuphela indawo yezimpande, kodwa futhi yonke indawo yombhede;
  • isimo esingavamile sesithelo. Okungcono, izithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zinomumo obolinganisa oblong. Uma amakhukhamba eqala ukugxila e-stem, lokhu kubonisa ukuntuleka kwe-nitrogen, kodwa uma izithelo zikhukhuka phansi, khona-ke amahlathi awanakho i-potassium eyanele. Esikhathini sokuqala, kuyadingeka ukwethula iziqu eziphilayo (inkomazi), esimweni sesibili i-potassium phosphate izosiza kahle;
  • amahlamvu aphikisayo. Izimbangela eziyinhloko zingase zibe ukungabi namaminerali (i-potassium, i-magnesium, isulfure, i-phosphorus) noma ukungabi namandla / umswakama owedlulele. Hlola inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla futhi uma kwenzeka ukoma, i-moisten, i-rustle ne-mulch it. Uma ngabe le ndaba ingekho emhlabathini, zama ukusebenzisa umanyolo obunzima wamaminerali;
  • Ukuwa ama-ovari. Le nkinga ngokuvamile ivela emazingeni aphansi kakhulu ebusuku, ukungabi khona kwe-potassium.

Ngokuvamile, izinhlobonhlobo zamakhukhamba we-hybrid "Wonke umuntu umona" uye wathola idumela elihle phakathi kwabalimi. Ingakwazi ukukhula njengabalimi abanolwazi, nabathandi be-novice.

Ukuvunwa okuphezulu, ukukhuthazela, izici zokunambitheka kakhulu nokulondolozwa kwezithelo kwenza lokhu kuhloswe kuphelele futhi kugcwalise ngokugcwele izindleko eziphakeme zokutshala izinto.