Indlela yokunakekela igumbi likaBelonia ukuba likhule lihle futhi liphilile? Izincomo zokulima abatshali bembali

Ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, i-begonia ayiyona kuphela izimbali ezibomvu, ezitholakala entwasahlobo emibhedeni yemifula emapaki noma balimi balima izivande zabo. Kuze kube manje, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-2,000 ze-begonias ezakhiwe, eziningi zazo azihloselwe ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle, kodwa ukulima ekhaya. I-begonia ekamelweni iyathandwa phakathi kwabalimi abaningi ngenxa yobuhle bayo obungakahleleki bezimbali kanye nesimo seqabunga elimangalisayo. Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela indlela yokuhlela ukunakekelwa kwe-begonia ekukhuleni kwangaphakathi, yiziphi izinambuzane nezifo ezingasongela imbali nendlela yokutshala kahle lesi sitshalo.

Izici zokukhula

Ku-floriculture, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-begonias.:

• izimbali ezihlobisa;
• amaqabunga okuhlobisa;

Ngokusekelwe kwamagama, singaphetha ngokuthi owokuqala bayakwazisa ngemibala yabo ekhanyayo, futhi okwesibili - amaqabunga abo omangalisayo, anomumo nombala ongavamile.

Izimbali zaseBegonia zijwayele ukufana nama-roses noma ama-camellias ezinhlobonhlobo zembala.. Ngokunakekelwa kahle, ekhaya, lesi sitshalo singaqhakaza ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa kusukela entwasahlobo yasemuva kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile (ukuthi kungani i-begonia ingaqhakazi, nokuthi ungafeza kanjani amafihle amahle, funda lapha). Izimbali ezihlotshaniswayo ezihlotshaniswayo zivame kakhulu, izimbali zazo ziphelile, zingabonakali futhi, njengoba umthetho, unganiki imbewu. Uma unganiki u-begonia onjalo ukuba uqhakaze, uzothuthukisa kakhulu inhlalakahle yayo futhi ukhulise impilo yesitshalo iminyaka eminingana.

Izimbali ezincane nezitshalo ze-begonia zenza iphutha lokuthi lesi sitshalo siyinkimbinkimbi, sidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela nokunakekelwa ngokucophelela. Eqinisweni, konke kulula.

Iningi lama-begoniya asekhulile ekhaya livela emazweni ashisayo (ama-subtropics angaphansi kancane) futhi adinga izimo ezifanele:

• Ukukhanya okukhanyayo okukhanyayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo izinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa nezimbali zidinga ukukhanya okungaphezulu, ngaphandle kwalokho zingakwazi ukuyeka ukukhula. Izilwane ezinemibala ehlobisa kakhulu zikhona kude kakhulu kusuka efasiteleni.
  Kubalulekile! I-Begonia ayithandi ilanga eliqondile. Uma lesi sitshalo siseningizimu-sill window, kufanele ivaliwe elangeni ngesikhathi sehlobo.
• Ukushisa okunethezekayo + 18-22 degrees. I-Begonia ayibekezelele izinguquko ngokuzumayo ekushiseni. Ngama-+15 degrees ingozi ye-hypothermia iphezulu, uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngenhla +25, imbali ingase ishise.
• Ukunisela okuvamile okuvamile. Ngesikhathi sezimbali, kunconywa ukuba amanzi aseBe begonia angenani izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto; phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula, ukuchelela kuncishisiwe kuncishisiwe okudingekayo ukuze umhlaba ungapheli ngokuphelele. Amanzi okuchelela kufanele abe ekushiseni kwamahhala, athambile, ngaphandle kokungcola.
• Umswakama ophezulu (hhayi ngaphansi kuka-60%). Umswakama womoya we-begonias ubaluleke nakakhulu kunomswakama womhlabathi; uma umswakama unganele, isitshalo soma ngokushesha kakhulu. Indlela engcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-humidifier.

I-Begonias ayinconywa ngokuphelele ukufiphala, umswakama emaqabunga kanye neziqu kungabangela ukuthi zibole futhi izifo eziningi, njenge-powdery isikhutha. Uma kungekho i-humidifier, izimo ezikhululekile zaleso sitshalo zingadalwa ngokufaka ibhodlela emgqeni wodaka olunwetshiwe olumanzi.

Izindlela zokuzala

Ukuzaliswa kwe-begonias kwenzeka ngokuyinhloko ngemifino., njengoba izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa azinikezi imbewu. Ngale njongo, sebenzisa:

• ukusika;
• amaqabunga;
• ukuhlukana kwehlathi.

Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-begonias zinezici zayo zokuzalanisa, okufanele zicatshangelwe ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo. Uma kwenzeka amaqabunga amaqabunga nezihlahla, zingatshalwa emanzini futhi ngokushesha emhlabathini, kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaFebruwari kuya ku-Ephreli - ngaphambi kokucubungula ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa futhi ngaphambi kokuqala kwesikhathi sokukhula esikhuthele.

Indlela yokuzala isitshalo ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla noma i-tuber ixhomeke ngokuqondile kwisakhiwo sesitshalo, noma yikuphi Izincomo zokuzalisa zisebenza kuphela ezinhlobonhlobo ezithile ze-begonia.

Sikumema ukuba ubuke ividiyo ekuzalweni kwe-begonias ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla:

Indlela yokuhlela ukutshala imbali yangaphakathi?

Ukuze uthole i-begonias, kubalulekile ukuba ubone ngokushesha indawo, lesi sitshalo asibekezelele izinguquko nezimo ezivamile. Amafasitela aseMpumalanga naseningizimu-mpumalanga asetshenziselwa kakhulu, ngoba kuzo ukuthi izinga lokukhanyisa lizohambisana nalokho okudingekayo.

Futhi ungakhohlwa ngokudla, lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa izimbali, njengoba izimbali zithatha amandla amaningi esitshalweni. Ngokushesha nje lapho i-begonia ikhule, ukufaka umanyolo kungaqalwa (ukumbiwa kwemineral complexes nge potassium kanye ne-phosphorus kufanelekile ngezinhlobo zezimbali zaseBeneonia). Njengomthetho, ukwesekwa kwenziwa izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngenyanga, kodwa izincomo ezengeziwe kufanele zifunwe emiyalweni yokulungiselela okuthile. I-Begonia kufanele idliwe kuze kube sekupheleni kwezimbali.

Ukuze izilwane ezihlobisa futhi ezinomsoco zifanele umquba wamaminerali afanelekile nge nitrogen. Udinga ukuzenza kusukela entwasahlobo yasemuva kuze kube phakathi kwekwindla, lapho isitshalo siqala isikhathi sokukhula okukhulayo.

Ukufakelwa nini futhi kanjani?

Ukutshala kabusha ukuthenga nje isitshalo akufanelekile, kuyoba ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo futhi kufinyeleleke ekutheni lesi sitshalo sibe buthaka. Lapho ibhodlela lokuqala liba begonias encane, futhi izimpande ziqala ukucubungula emigodini yokudonsa futhi phezulu, sekuyisikhathi sokuyishintsha ibe yindawo evulekile.

Usizo! Isikhathi esihle sokufakelwa kabusha kwe-begonias kusentwasahlobo. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, ukutshala kabusha isitshalo akusikhuthazwa.

Into yokuqala okufanele uyiqaphele lapho uhlela ukufakelwa ukuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi. I-Begonias ikhetha inhlabathi encane ene-acidic, ehlanganisa inhlabathi eluhlaza, i-peat kanye nomhlabathi omnyama, ukwakheka okunjalo kungathengwa ngomumo okwenziwe esitolo, futhi ungakwazi ukupheka ngokwakho.

I-oda lokutshala:

1. Lungiselela ibhodlela elisha. Kunconywa ukuba ukhethe ibhodlela elingu-5-8 cm elikhulu kunelokudlula elibanzi; yile ivolumu eyengeziwe ezovumela isitshalo sikhule kahle eminyakeni emibili ezayo ngaphambi kokufakelwa okulandelayo.
   Ngaphambi kokutshala, ibhodlela lingelashwa ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate noma senziwe ngamanzi abilayo (le ndlela ingase ingafaneleki izimbiza zaseplastiki). Ukwamukelwa kwalezi zinyathelo kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izifo eziphilayo futhi kuzosiza ukuvikela izimpande zezitshalo ezifweni.
2. Ngaphansi kwebhodlela wathululela ungqimba lwamanzi, njengobumba obunwetshiwe. Ukuze uvikele izimpande kumswakama owedlulele, inani elincane lamalahle linganwezelwa ngaphezu kocingo lwamanzi.
3. Geza kusuka phezulu ofafazwe nenhlabathi (2-3 cm, kuye ngokuthi ivolumu yebhodini).
4. I-Begonia isusiwe ebhodweni elidala, inhlabathi eyinqaba isuswe ngokucophelela ukuze ingalimazi izimpande.
5. Lesi sitshalo sifakwe phakathi nendawo ebhodweni futhi sifafazwe umhlaba nxazonke. Umhlabathi omusha onamandla kakhulu awudingekile, i-begonias idinga ukungena emoyeni ezimpandeni.
6. Emva kokufakelwa isitshalo, isikhathi esithile i-begonia iphuziswa kakhulu ukuze inhlabathi ingabe iyomile, uma kunesidingo, phezulu kugcwele inhlabathi.

Ngisho nokunisela okujulile, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi amanzi awaqongeleli epanini, njengoba lokhu kungabangela ukubola kwezimpande.

Sikumema ukuba ubuke ividiyo ngokufakelwa kabusha kwe-begonias:

Izifo nezinambuzane

Kunezinkinga nezinkinga eziningi ezivame ukubhekana nazo ku-begonias, futhi uma ubhekene nazo, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo ezifanele ukugcina isitshalo.

• Enye yalezi zinkinga i-powdery isikhutha, esivezwa ekubukeni kwamabala amhlophe nemivimbo emaceleni aphansi amaqabunga namahlumela. Lesi sifo senziwa uma kunomsoco owandayo, futhi lapho amanzi efika emaqabeni neziqu ze-begonia. Izindawo ezithintekayo kudingeka zisuswe, futhi ukuphuza nokuhlanza umoya kufanele kunciphise, lokhu kuzosiza ekugwemeni ukusakazeka kwesifo.
• Kanti futhi ukuphuza ngokweqile kungaholela ezifweni ezimpandeni zokubola okumnyama nokumnyama. Ngezizathu ezicacile, akusi njalo njalo ukubona lesi sifo, kodwa uma amaqabunga ebumnyama, alula futhi awa - lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esiqinisekisayo sokuthi kukhona okungalungile ohlelweni lwempande.
• Uma kutholakala omnyama noma ompunga, kudingeke ukuba ususe isitshalo ebhodweni bese wehlisa izimpande amahora angu-2 kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate, bese ususa zonke izindawo ezimele futhi ususe i-begonia enhlabathini entsha.
• Kulezi zinambuzane, i-begonia ihlupheka kakhulu kaningi kuma-aphid, ama-spider mites, ne-whitefly, futhi ukusifafaza kwezinambuzane eziningi kunabo bonke.
• Ukukhipha okwesibhakabhaka nokomisa noma ukususa amaqabunga kungabonisa i-hypothermia, ukunganelisi umoya omswakama noma ukuchelela okungalungile. Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, ukudala izimo ezifanele ngokushesha kuletha isitshalo emuva kokujwayelekile.

Ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezingenhla, i-begonias ingabangela nezinkinga ezifana namaqabunga aphikisayo namaqabunga awela kanye namaqabunga.

Zombili izimbali nezimbali ezihlobisa i-begonias ingaba ngaphezu kokumangalisayo kwensimu yembali yasekhaya. Kuyinto emangalisayo ukukhula nokuyandisa, futhi bangajabula umnikazi wabo cishe unyaka wonke.